indvidual project sample 1

Sample 1-Analyzing Technological Development and

Advancement ofCanada, India, Israel, Norway, and Singapore

a sample here (presented in power point) with the analysis of the countries along with the required information -Cannot copy this

presentation-otherwise no grades will be given on this project

Analyzing Technological Development and Advancement ofCanada, India, Israel, Norway, and Singapore

Introduction

The purpose of this report is to take a closer look at how well 5 countries, (Canada, India, Israel, Norway

and Singapore), have developed or advanced in areas that are required to gain technological capabilities

and how this will provide the opportunity as well as ability for them to compete internationally.

Analyzing Technological Development and Advancement of Canada, India, Israel, Norway, and Singapore

Telecommunication• with 1.2 billion people, now has 858.37 million mobile phone subscribers and is world’s 2nd largest in mobile users• 17% of the mobile users in the world• 3G• Mobile Number Portability

Internet• It has the world’s 3rd largest Internet users with over 108 million• 81 million users in Sep 2010• 108 million users in Sep 2011• Expecting 130 million users by Sep 2012

India

India has capitalized on its large educated English-speaking population to become a major exporter of information technology services and software workers. In 2010, the Indian economy rebounded robustly from the global financial crisis - in large part because of strong domestic demand - and growth exceeded 8% year-on-year in real terms. (Thedora.com, 2012)


IsraelIn 2000, exports of high-tech products accounted for 55% of all exports, up from 23% in 1991. Exports of electronics communications components, electronic components, medical equipment and software and IT products peaked at over $13 billion, before the onset of the high-tech crisis in late 2000 caused a sharp contraction in exports and production.

Focus on research has been shifting from Internet and software to new fields such as biotechnology, nanotechnology. Chemical and chemical products, electronic components, communications components, supervision, monitoring, and medical equipment accounted for 87% of industrial R&D expenditure in 2001.

In 2000, 195,000 people were employed in the various high-tech sectors, compared with 148,870 people a decade earlier. Demand for engineers and technicians is estimated at 2,000-3,000 a year.(Globes.co.il , n.d.).


As an affluent, high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and affluent living standards

Canada

Canada achieved marginal growth in 2010 and 2011 and plans to balance the budget by 2015. In addition, the country's petroleum sector is rapidly becoming an even larger economic driver with Alberta's oil sands significantly boosting Canada's proven oil reserves, ranking the country third in the world.

Economically and technologically, the nation has developed in parallel with the US. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care, education, social services, and economic competitiveness.

(Theodora.com, 2012)


Norway

Key domestic issues include immigration and integration of ethnic minorities, maintaining the country's extensive social safety net with an aging population, and preserving economic competitiveness. (Theodora.com, 2006)

Growth in R&D Expenditure -Norway's total R&D costs in 2011 were NOK 46.2 billion; around 1.7 per cent of the gross national product (GNP). (Statistics Norway, 2012).

65 per cent of persons employed in R&D in industry had a higher education in 2010, 7 per cent had a PhD. (Statistics Norway, 2012)

Norwegian researchers are the world’s first to develop a method for producing semiconductors from graphene. This finding may revolutionize the technology industry. (Amundsen, B. et al., 2012)


Singapore

• The economy depends heavily on exports, particularly in consumer electronics, information technology products, pharmaceuticals, and on a

growing financial services sector.

• Singapore has attracted major investments in pharmaceuticals and medical technology production and will continue efforts to establish Singapore as Southeast Asia's financial and high-tech hub.

• Singapore subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest in terms of tonnage handled) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the leading nations of Western Europe. (Theodora.com, 2006).

• Biomedical Research Council oversees research institutes & consortia that support key BMS industry clusters: pharmaceuticals, medical technology, biotechnology and healthcare services. (Agency for Science, Technology, and

Research, 2012)


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Research andDevelopment

Communications

Infrastructure Education Labor force

India 2 3 3 2 1

Norway 3 2 2 2 3

Canada 3 3 3 2 3

Singapore 2 2 2 2 2

Israel 3 3 2 3 2

Development and Advancement of Canada, India, Israel, Norway,

and Singapore

Level of development in factors that contribute to a country’s technological capabilities.

• Research and Development

• Communications

• Infrastructure

• Education

• Labor force

(Archibugi, D. et al., 2009)


Current Trends in Technology• Digital Economy(mobility, cloud computing, businessintelligence and social media)

The internet has set in motion a third wave of capitalism that will transform many aspects of the global marketplace—from consumer behavior to new business models. Mobility, cloud computing, business intelligence and social media underpin this shift, which is taking place in

both developed and developing economies. (Oxford Economics, 2011)


Current Trends in Technology continued..• Cyber SecurityExperts predict that at least one G20 nation’s critical infrastructure will be disrupted and damaged by online sabotage by 2015. This underscores the need for executives to ensure their digital strategies are safeguarded by strong cyber security measures, and clearly articulated policies and processes. ( Oxford Economics, 2011)


Current Trends in Technology continued…• BiotechnologyBiotechnology plays a very vital role in our lives and in our daily affairs. It is referred as a field of biology that requires the use of living organisms and it’s by products for modifications of the human health and environment. It draws mainly from the biological sciences such as cell biology, genetics and microbiology although most of the time it also draws its methods from non-biological areas such as chemical engineering and information technology.(Riley, 2012)


• Canada, India, Israel and Norway are doing extremely well in the R&D indicator as compared to Singapore , which is prospering in other areas such as international trade.

• Canada, India, and Israel lead in the areas of communication (mobile telephones, internet capabilities) as compared to Norway and Singapore which are not too far behind.

• Canada and Norway have a higher employment rate which would explain their ability to have a greater production rate compared to India, which has a significantly smaller labor force.

• India may be leading in infrastructure, but it has become highly congested. Lack of electricity available to many creates problems in all aspects of technological advancements. However they are becoming very competitive in the areas of IT which has been a reason for economic growth domestically.

• Israel leads in higher education with a ratio of 135 scientists to every 10,000 people. Comparison countries fall short by as much as half. They are leading in Biotechnology which is a growing technology trend, and a boost to their economy.

(Globes.co.il, n.d.)

Comparison


• In markets like Israel and India, disposable income growth is soaring at an average of 7%, as opposed to just 2% in Canada, Singapore and 0.3% in Norway. (OECD Better Life Index, 2012)

• As a result, more consumers in the developing world are entering the middle or upper-middle income class—further fuelling the virtuous circle.

• Flush with higher wages and greater wealth, consumers are buying more phones, appliances and other products and services, both online and offline.

• At the same time, they are also altering their lifestyles and improving their education. (Oxford Economics ,2011)


ConclusionThe countries that are researched all have at least one leading indicator that will help them develop or advance in technological capabilities. While Israel is becoming advanced in research and development, India is known for its advancements and services in Information Technology. The labor force in Canada and Norway is what will provide more growth in production to further improve and strengthen their economy. Canada is already growing parallel to the US in areas such as infrastructure, communication, research and development, and labor force. Singapore has great plans on becoming more productive in its IT infrastructure which may become the high-tech and financial hub of Southeast Asia. Among the indicators that are important factors for economic growth, one finds Research and Development to be the most important factor in the development and advancement of a nation’s economy.


References:Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (2012). Biomedical Research Council. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.a-star.edu.sg/AboutASTAR/BiomedicalResearchCouncil/tabid/64/Default.aspx [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

Amundsen, B. et al. (2012). Nanotechnology Breakthrough: New material may replace silicon The Research Council of Norway. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.forskningsradet.no/en/Newsarticle/New_material_may_replace_silicon/1253980495387 [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

Archibugi, D. et al. (2009). The technological capabilities of nations: The state of the art of synthetic indicators. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, TFS-17114 pp.15. Retrieved from: http://www.danielearchibugi.org/downloads/papers/capabilities.pdf [Accessed: 9, December, 2012].

Globes.co.il, n.d.). How Israeli High-Tech Happened. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.globes.co.il/serveen/globes/docview.asp?did=258771&fid=954 [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

OECD Better Life Index (2012). OECD Better Life Index. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/topics/income/ [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

Oxford Economics (2011). The New Digital Economy: How it will transform business. [report] NY: Oxford Economics, pp.34.

Riley, S. (2012). Emerging Biotechnology Trends. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.healthtechnica.com/blogsphere/2011/04/04/emerging-biotechnology-trends/ [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

Statistics Norway (2012). Focus on Innovation, research and development work. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.ssb.no/fou_en/ [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

Theodora.com (2012). Countries of the World - 29 years of CIA World Fact Books. [online] Retrieved from: http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/ [Accessed: 9 Dec 2012].

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