inequalities around the globe: what the world sees …
TRANSCRIPT
Across the 28 countries,
six in ten on average say
inequalities in income and
wealth are seen as the
most serious. Area based
inequalities between more
and less deprived areas
seen as the second most
serious.
24%
29%
31%
31%
32%
42%
60%
Between older andyounger generations
Between racial orethnic groups
Between menand women
In health andlife expectancies
In educationaloutcomes for children
Between more andless deprived areas
In income and wealth
Global CountryAverage
Which three or four of the following types of inequality,if any, do you think are most serious in [country]?
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
Women are more
concerned than men about
gender inequality and
slightly more concerned
about inequalities in health
and life expectancies.
25%
26%
30%
30%
31%
43%
60%
23%
36%
33%
29%
33%
41%
61%
Between older andyounger generations
Between menand women
In health andlife expectancies
Between racial orethnic groups
In educationaloutcomes for children
Between more andless deprived areas
In income and wealth
Women
Men
Which three or four of the following types of inequality, if any, do you think are most serious in [COUNTRY]?
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
Concerns about income
and wealth inequalities are
higher among older people
than those aged under 35.
Younger people are much
more likely to be
concerned about racial
and ethnic inequalities and
gender inequality than
older people.
27%
29%
34%
32%
27%
42%
64%
22%
29%
31%
32%
27%
43%
61%
23%
35%
29%
32%
34%
41%
56%
Between older andyounger generations
Between menand women
In health andlife expectancies
In educationaloutcomes for children
Between racial orethnic groups
Between more andless deprived areas
In income and wealth
Under 35
35 to 49
50 to 74
Which three or four of the following types of inequality, if any, do you think are most serious in [COUNTRY]?
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
22%
26%
27%
29%
31%
31%
34%
35%
36%
36%
38%
40%
40%
41%
42%
43%
44%
45%
45%
47%
49%
51%
51%
52%
53%
57%
63%
64%
42%
Germany
Saudi Arabia
Japan
Singapore
Belgium
Netherlands
Canada
SpainFrance
Australia
United States
Sweden
India
China
Italy
Malaysia
Turkey
South Africa
Chile
Brazil
MexicoGreat Britain
Poland
Hungary
Argentina
Peru
South Korea
Russia
Global Country Average
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
People in Russia, South
Korea and Peru are much
more likely than average to
be concerned about
inequality between more
and less deprived areas.
This is far less of an issue
in Germany, Saudi Arabia
and Japan.
% who say inequalities between more and less deprived areas are one ofthe three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
12%
15%
19%
19%
22%
23%
24%
24%
24%
25%
29%
29%
30%
30%
34%
34%
35%
37%
37%
38%
39%
40%
40%
41%
41%
42%
42%
45%
31%
MalaysiaRussia
SingaporeSaudi Arabia
HungaryGreat Britain
ArgentinaPolandChinaJapan
CanadaAustralia
United StatesNetherlands
PeruGermany
BrazilSwedenBelgium
South KoreaFrance
ChileItaly
IndiaSouth Africa
SpainTurkeyMexico
Global Country Average
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
People in Mexico, Turkey and Spain are most concerned about gender inequality.
On the other hand, concern about gender inequality is relatively low in Malaysia, Russia, Saudi Arabia and Hungary – yet these countries rank relatively low down on the gender equality index.
% who say inequalities between men and women are one ofthe three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
25
130
8
17
112
76
57
15
108
27
4
92
10
66
38
53
34
19
121
106
40
30
21
105
146
54
81
104
Global ranking for gender equality
Even though some countries
– such as Spain, Sweden,
France and Germany – rank
highly on objective
measures of gender
equality, they still have
greater levels of concern
about this issue than other
nations that fare much
worse on this type of
inequality – such as Russia,
Malaysia and Saudi Arabia.
By contrast, Turkey is
ranked 130th for equality
between men and women –
one of the worst countries in
the world by this measure –
yet people there are among
the most concerned about
this issue.
Sweden
Spain
Germany
France
S Africa
Canada
GB
Mexico
Belgium
Argentina
Australia
Netherlands
Poland
US
Singapore
Chile
Peru
Italy
Russia
Brazil
Malaysia
Hungary
China
S Korea
India
Japan
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
% who say
gender
inequality
serious in
country
1
Global ranking for gender equality
Most equal Least equal
% who say inequalities between men and women are one of the
three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
8%
9%
10%
11%
18%
18%
18%
19%
20%
22%
23%
24%
25%
27%
30%
30%
31%
35%
35%
36%
38%
38%
41%
45%
45%
46%
55%
65%
29%
South KoreaArgentina
JapanRussiaPolandTurkey
HungaryChile
GermanyChina
Saudi ArabiaSpain
MexicoItaly
FranceSingapore
PeruSweden
IndiaGreat Britain
AustraliaNetherlands
BelgiumBrazil
CanadaMalaysia
United StatesSouth Africa
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
Two-thirds of South
Africans and over half of
Americans consider racial
and ethnic inequalities to
be among the most serious
forms of inequality in their
country.
Concerns about racial and
ethnic inequality are much
lower in South Korea,
Argentina and Japan.
% who say inequalities between racial or ethnic groups are one ofthe three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
Global Country Average
31%
38%
41%
51%
52%
54%
54%
56%
56%
56%
57%
57%
59%
59%
60%
62%
63%
63%
64%
65%
66%
69%
69%
75%
75%
77%
80%
83%
60%
Saudi ArabiaPoland
SwedenIndia
AustraliaPeru
CanadaSpain
Great BritainItaly
ChinaUnited States
NetherlandsGermany
MexicoSouth Africa
MalaysiaFrance
BrazilJapan
SingaporeArgentina
BelgiumChile
TurkeyHungary
South KoreaRussia
Global Country Average
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
Concerns about income inequality are highest in Russia, South Korea and Hungary.
Whereas people in Saudi Arabia, Poland and Sweden are least concerned.
% who say income inequality are one ofthe three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
Global ranking for income equality
87
32
26
117
131
10
113
–
43
157
31
110
165
137
34
15
112
92
74
61
60
47
122
59
71
18
22
–
There’s no overall relationship
between actual inequality and
how serious a problem it’s seen
to be relative to other
inequalities.
Sweden ranks highly on
objective measures of income
equality. In line with this, people
there have comparatively very
low levels of concern about this
issue.
Belgium and the Netherlands, on
the other hand, rank even higher
for income equality, yet those
countries are much more likely
to be worried about disparities in
income, underscoring that how
serious people perceive this
type of inequality to be seems
unrelated to actual performance
on this issue.
This dynamic can also be seen
with the US and South Africa –
two countries which in reality
fare very poorly on measures of
income equality but nonetheless
have relatively average levels of
concern about it.
Most equal Least equal
SwedenIndiaAustralia
Canada
Spain
GB Italy China
US
Netherlands
Germany
Mexico
S Africa
France BrazilJapan
Argentina
Belgium
ChileTurkey
S KoreaRussia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
% who say
income
inequality
serious in
country
1
Global ranking for income equality
(based on Gini index)
Selected countries’ ranking for income equality vs % who say income
inequality is one of the most serious types of inequality in their country
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
13%
13%
16%
16%
17%
18%
18%
19%
20%
20%
21%
21%
22%
23%
24%
24%
24%
24%
25%
25%
26%
28%
29%
30%
31%
38%
39%
43%
24%
South AfricaTurkeyBrazil
GermanyChina
PolandMalaysia
FranceUnited StatesSaudi Arabia
ChileGreat Britain
RussiaCanada
NetherlandsHungary
SpainMexico
ItalyBelgium
PeruSwedenAustralia
IndiaArgentina
SingaporeJapan
South Korea
Global Country Average
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
South Korea, Japan and
Singapore come top for
concern about generational
inequality in their countries.
Levels of concern lower in
South Africa, Turkey, Brazil
and Germany.
% who say inequalities between older generations and younger generationsare one of the three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
15%
16%
18%
19%
20%
22%
22%
25%
26%
26%
27%
28%
30%
31%
31%
34%
34%
34%
37%
38%
39%
39%
40%
43%
46%
48%
49%
56%
32%
PolandItaly
Saudi ArabiaFrance
CanadaSouth Korea
BelgiumAustraliaMalaysia
SpainNetherlands
SingaporeRussia
United StatesJapan
MexicoGreat Britain
HungarySweden
ChinaBrazil
South AfricaIndia
GermanyArgentina
PeruChile
Turkey
Global Country Average
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
People in Turkey, Chile
and Peru are most likely to
think that inequalities in
educational outcomes for
children area among the
most serious in their
country.
This is much less of a
concern in Poland, Italy
and Saudi Arabia.
% who say inequalities in educational outcomes for children are one ofthe three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
10%
14%
19%
19%
19%
20%
23%
24%
24%
24%
25%
26%
26%
29%
30%
31%
31%
33%
33%
35%
37%
38%
40%
43%
49%
50%
56%
64%
31%
South KoreaJapan
MalaysiaGermany
CanadaSaudi ArabiaUnited States
AustraliaNetherlands
SingaporeSpain
TurkeyItaly
BelgiumGreat Britain
ChinaFrance
SwedenArgentina
South AfricaIndia
PolandRussiaMexico
HungaryBrazilPeruChile
Global Country Average
Base: 23,004 adults interviewed online between 23 Dec 2020 and 8 Jan 2021
Across all the countries
surveyed, people in Chile,
Peru and Brazil are most
likely to say health
disparities are an
especially problematic
form of inequality in their
country.
By comparison, people in
South Korea, Japan and
Malaysia are less than half
as likely to cite such
inequalities as a serious
problem.
% who say inequalities in health and life expectancies are one ofthe three or four most serious types of inequality in their country
Technical details
Sources for rankings:
Slide 8 &9 : World Economic Forum Global Gender Gap Index 2020
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GGGR_2020.pdf
Slide 11 &12: Gini index ranking
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?most_recent_value_desc=true
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Kelly Beaver
Managing Director
Ipsos MORI Public Affairs
Kully Kaur-Ballagan
Research Director
Ipsos MORI Public Affairs
Bobby Duffy
Director
The Policy Institute