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Dayofexam:May31th,2017Examhours:14:30-18:30Permittedmaterials:NoneReadthispagethoroughlyTheassignmentconsistsoffourparts.

Part1-MultipleChoicequestions•15multiplechoicequestions•2pointsforeachcorrectanswer•Maximumscoreforpart1:30points

Part2-Shortquestions•10questionstobeansweredbrieflyandaccurately•Thenumberofpointsmayvaryfromquestiontoquestion.•Maximumscoreforpart2:30points

Part3-Useoftesttechniques•Twotestcases•10pointsforthecorrectsolutionofeachcase.•Maximumscoreforpart3:20points•Inthispart(task3.1and3.2)youcandrawsketchesasasupplementtoyourtextanswers.Readthelastparagraphofthistitlepagethoroughly.

Part4-essay•Maximumscoreforpart3:20points

Ifanytasksareunclear,youcanmakeyourownprerequisites.Ifso,pleaseexplainthem.Sketchinginthisexam,youarepermittedtomakedrawings/usesketchingfortask3.1and3.2.Youaretousethesketchingpaperhandedtoyouintheexamroom.Youcanusemorethanonesketchingsheetpertask.Seeinstructionsforfillingoutsketchingsheetsonyourdesk.

YoumayNOThandinsketchingsheetsforanyothertasksthantask3.1and3.2.YouwillNOTbegivenextratimetofilloutthesketchingsheets(taskcodes,candidatenumberetc.)

1.2 Considerthefollowinglistoftestprocessactivities:1Analysisanddesign2Testclosureactivities3Evaluatingexitcriteriaandreporting4Planningandcontrol5ImplementationandexecutionWhichofthefollowingplacestheseintheirlogicalsequence?Selectanalternative:

4,1,5,3,2

1,4,5,3,2

4,1,5,2,3

1,2,3,4,5

Maximummarks:2

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Maximummarks:2

1.3 AccordingtotheISTQBGlossary,whichofthefollowingisatesttype?Selectanalternative:

Componenttesting

Systemtesting

Functionaltesting

Acceptancetesting

Maximummarks:2

1.4 Completethefollowingsentence:Aregressiontest…Selectanalternative:

...willalwaysbeautomated.

…willcheckunchangedareasofthesoftwaretoseeiftheyhavebeenaffected.

...isonlyrunonce.

…willcheckchangedareasofthesoftwaretoseeiftheyhavebeenaffected.

Maximummarks:2

1.5 Whichstatementabouttestingistrue?Selectanalternative:

Testingshouldstartasearlyaspossibleinthelifecycle.

Testingismosteconomicallydoneattheendofthelifecycle.

Testingcanonlybedonebyanindependenttestteam.

Testingshouldstartafterthecodeiswrittensothatwehaveasystemwithwhichtowork.

Maximummarks:2

1.6 Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenawalkthroughandaninspection?

Selectanalternative:

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Selectanalternative:

Authorsarenotpresentduringinspections,whiletheyareduringwalkthroughs.

Awalkthroughisledbytheauthor,whileaninspectionisledbyatrainedmoderator.

Aninspectionisledbytheauthors,whileawalkthroughisledbyatrainedmoderator.

Aninspectionhasatrainedleader,whileawalkthroughhasnoleader.

Maximummarks:2

1.7 Whatisthebestdescriptionofstaticanalysis?Selectanalternative:

Thereviewingoftestplans

Theanalysisofprogramcodeorothersoftwareartifacts

Theuseofblack-boxtesting

Theanalysisofbatchprograms

Maximummarks:2

1.8 Whichofthefollowingcouldbeusedtoassessthecoverageachievedforstructure-based(white-box)testtechniques?1Decisionoutcomesexercised2Partitionsexercised3Boundariesexercised4Conditionsormultipleconditionsexercised5StatementsexercisedSelectanalternative:

2,3,5

1,2,4

2,3,4

1,4,5

Maximummarks:2

1.9 Ifthetemperaturefallsbelow18degrees,theheatingisswitchedon.Whenthetemperaturereaches21degrees,theheatingisswitchedoff.Whatistheminimumsetoftestinputvaluestocoverallvalidequivalencepartitions?

Selectanalternative:

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Selectanalternative:

17,18,20and21grader

18,20and22grader

16and26grader

15,19and25grader

Maximummarks:2

1.10 Whatdoesitmeanifasetoftestshasachieved90%statementcoverage?Selectanalternative:

9outof10testshavebeenrunonthismodulofthesoftware.

9outof10decisionoutcomeshavebeenexercisedbythissetoftests.

9outof10statementshavebeenexercisedbythissetoftests.

9outof10requirementsstatementsaboutthesoftwarearecorrect.

Maximummarks:2

1.11 Whichtwospecification-based(black-Box)testingtechniquesaremostcloselyrelatedtoeachother?Selectanalternative:

Decisiontablesandboundaryvalueanalysis

Equivalencepartitioningandstatetransitiontesting

Decisiontablesandstatetransitiontesting

Equivalencepartitioningandboundaryvalueanalysis

Maximummarks:2

1.12 Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofindependenttesting?Selectanalternative:

Independenttesterssometimesquestiontheassumptionsbehindrequirements,designsandimplementations.

Theothersonaprojectcanpressuretheindependenttesterstoacceleratetestingattheendoftheschedule.

Programmerscanstopworryingaboutthequalityoftheirworkandfocusonproducingmorecode.

Independenttestersdon'thavetospendtimecommunicatingwiththeprojectteam.

Maximummarks:2

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1.13 Whichofthefollowingmetricswouldbemostusefultomonitorduringtestexecution?Selectanalternative:

Numberoftestenvironmentsremainingtobeconfigured.

Percentageofrequirementsforwhichatesthasbeenwritten.

Numberofdefectsfoundandfixed.

Percentageoftestcaseswritten.

Maximummarks:2

1.14 AccordingtotheISTQBGlossary,whatdowecalladocumentthatdescribesanyeventthatoccurredduringtestingwhichrequiresfurtherinvestigation?Selectanalternative:

Abugreport

Anincidentreport

Atestsummaryreport

Adefectreport

Maximummarks:2

1.15 Whichofthefollowingarebenefitsandwhicharerisksofusingtoolstosupporttesting?1Over-relianceonthetool2Greaterconsistencyandrepeatability3Objectiveassessment4Unrealisticexpectations5Underestimatingtheeffortrequiredtomaintainthetestassetsgeneratedbythetool6Easeofaccesstoinformationabouttestsortesting7RepetitiveworkisreducedSelectanalternative:

Benefits:1,2,3and7.Risks:4,5and6.

Benefits:3,4,6and7.Risks:1,2and5.

Benefits:2,3,6and7.Risks:1,4and5.

Benefits:2,3,5and6.Risks:1,4and7.

Maximummarks:2

1.16 ConsiderthefollowingtypesofTools:1Testmanagementtools

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2Staticanalysistools3Modelingtools4Dynamicanalysistools5PerformancetestingtoolsWhichofthefollowingofthesetoolsismostlikelytobeusedbyDevelopers?Selectanalternative:

1,4,and5

1,2and5

3,4and5

2,3and4

Maximummarks:2

2.1 Oneoftheseventestingprinciplestellsusthattestingshouldstartasearlyaspossible.Explainwhythisprincipleisimportant.Fillinyouranswerhere

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Maximummarks:2

2.2 Whataretheremainingsixprinciples?

Fillinyouranswerhere

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2.3 Wecangrouptestingintodifferentkindsoftestingtypes,basedonthespecificreasoningorobjectiveforthetesteffort.Whatarethe4testingtypes,accordingtoISTQB’glossary?Fillinyouranswerhere

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Maximummarks:4

2.4 Explainthemaindifferencebetweenstaticanddynamictestingtechniques.

Fillinyouranswerhere

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2.5 Whichtwomaingroupscanwedividestatictestingtechniquesinto?Fillinyouranswerhere

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Maximummarks:2

2.6 Whatisthepurposeofdynamicanalysistools?Giveanexampleofdefectsthatwecandiscoverwiththiskindoftool.

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2.7 Inordertoexecuteatestcasewithatestexecutiontool,weneedtowriteatestscript.Whatarethetwomostgenerictypesofscriptingtechniques?Explainthedifferencebetweenthem,aswellastheirbenefitsanddisadvantages.Whichofthescriptingtechniquesisthemostgeneric?Justifyyouranswer.Fillinyouranswerhere

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Maximummarks:4

2.8 Whenconductingariskanalysisforaproject,youshouldprioritisetherisksbylevelofseverity(orharm).Whicharethetwomainfactorsintheassessmentofseverity?

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2.9 Giveexamplesofthreedifferenttypesoftestautomationtoolsthatareparticularlyusefultodevelopers.Fillinyouranswerhere

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2.10 Givetwoexamplesofcircumstanceswhereexperience-basedtestingisparticularlyuseful.

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3.1 Belowyouseeastatediagramforahumanlifecycle,frombirthtodeath.Youshallnotjudgewhetherthestatediagramiscorrectornot,butbaseyouranswersonitasitis.Notethatinthistaskyoucanhandinsketchesasasupplementtoyourtextanswers.Usethesketchingpaperhandedtoyouintheexamroomforthis.Seeinstructionsonyourdesk.

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a)Basedonthestatediagramabove,youshallsetupatestcaseasapath(sequenceofstates)frombirthtodeath.Youshallonlyfollowvalidtransitionsfromonestatetothenext.Thepathshouldbeasshortaspossible,butstillgothrougheverystate.•Whatisthestatecoverageofthistestcase?•Whatisthetransitioncoverageofthistestcase?b)Basedonthestatediagramabove,isitpossibletocovereveryvalidtransitioninonetestcase?Ifnot,howmanytestcasesdoyouneedtocovereverytransition?Justifyyouranswers.c)Whatisthehighesttransitioncoverageyoucanachieveinonesingletestcase?d)Whyis100%statecoverageinmostcasesnotenoughasanexitcriteriafortesting?

Fillinyouranswerhere

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3.2 Notethatinthistaskyoucanaswerbothinthetexteditorandwithsketches/drawings.Usethesketchingpaperhandedtoyouintheexamroom.Seeinstructionsonyourdesk.Aninformaticseducationprogram(study)atauniversitycollegeinNorwayhavethefollowingadmissionrequirements:

Toobtainastudyplace,theapplicantmusthaveageneralacademicqualification,themathematiccourseR1fromuppersecondaryschool,andcompetitionpointsabovethelimitoftheyear.Iftheapplicant'scompetitionpointsarebelowthislimit,he/sheisplacedonthewaitinglist,assumingthatthetwofirstconditionsarefulfilled.Iftheapplicanthasageneralqualification,butnottheR1mathematicscourse,theapplicantisofferedapreparatorycourseinmathematics,assumingthatthecompetitionpointsareabovethelimitofthatyear.

a)Drawadecisiontable,whichshowsallthepossiblecombinationsofconditionsforanapplicant.Thedecisiontableshallincludeanactionpart,whichshowswhetherornottheapplicantisofferedastudyplace,isplacedonawaitinglist,orisplacedonapreparatorycourseinmathematics.b)Youshallnowsimplifythedecisiontableandthusreducethenumberofruleswithoutlosinganyofthetestcases.Justifythesimplification.c)Considerthefollowingthreedifferenttestcases:

1. Theapplicanthasgeneralacademicqualification,themathematicscourseR1fromuppersecondaryschool,andcompetitionpointsabovethelimitoftheyear.

2. Theapplicanthasgeneralacademicqualification,themathematicscourseR1fromuppersecondaryschool,andcompetitionpointsbelowthelimitoftheyear.

3. Theapplicanthasgeneralacademicqualificationandcompetitionpointsabovethelimitoftheyear,butnotthemathematicscourseR1fromuppersecondaryschool.

Doweneedtohavemoretestcases?Ifyes,whichshouldtheybe?

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4.1 Describeandexplaintheissuesandchallengesassociatedwiththeintroductionoftestingtoolsintoatestteamoranorganisation.Youmaybaseyouressayonthefollowingquestionsandissues:

Whatarethemainconsiderations(principles)forselectingatool?Whatarethepotentialbenefitsandrisksassociatedwiththeintroductionanduseofautomatedtools?Howcantheintroductionoftestautomationtoolsinfluencetheworkingenvironment?Whatarethespecialconsiderationsweneedtoaddresswhenintroducing:

-TestexecutionTools-PerformancetestingTools-StaticanalysisTools-TestmanagementTools

Whatjsapilotproject?Whatisthepurposeofapilotproject?Whatdowemeanbytheterm“proofofconcept”?Whichfactorscancontributetosuccess?

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Maximummarks:20