infection control practices in workplace
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INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN WORKPLACE
Prepared by:Meliza C. Dizon, RN
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objectives
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What is infection control? Infection Control in a health care facility
is the prevention of the spread of microorganisms from:
• Patient to patient • Patient to Staff member • Staff member to patient
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Who does infection control? Every health care facility should have a person or
team that is responsible to ensure Infection Control Policies and Procedures are in place.
Non-health workers is also responsible for assuring their own compliance with infection control policies
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Why is Infection Control important?
More susceptible patients are treated and cared in health care facilities
Large amounts of waste contaminated with blood and body substances are handled that can increase risk of infection
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Isolation precautionsProtective measure used in
keeping susceptible and compromised hosts against hospital acquired infection.
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Person Responsible/Responsibilities Infectious Disease (IDS)
Consultant/Attending Physician
Staff Nurse
Infection Control Nurse
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Start
Identification of confirmed infectious
Referring to ICC
Apply Precautionary Measures
Needs Isolation
YES NOTransfer to
isolation room
Ordering release from Isolation Precaution End
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Types of Isolation Precaution Standard Precaution
Transmission-based Precaution* Airborne/Droplet/Contact Special Precaution* Reverse Isolation or Protective Environment
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Standard Precaution Are infection control practices required
for the basic level of infection control which includes:
*Hand Hygiene
*Personal Protective Equipment/Barriers
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HAND HYGIENE
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Why is frequent hand washing important? Hand washing is the most important
procedure in the prevention and minimisation of the spread of infection within health care settings.
Health care Workers hands can contaminate by doing simple tasks.
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HANDWASHING TECHNIQUE
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YOUR 5 MOMENTS FOR HAND HYGIENE
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT are barriers or specialized clothing that
should be worn for protection against infectious materials.
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Wear Gloves… When handling blood and body substances When handling non-intact skin When handling mucous membranes While suctioning a patient While handling items or surfaces that have
come into contact with blood or body substances
While performing invasive procedures, such as venepuncture or a finger or heel stick
When handling contaminated sharps
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Wear N95 Mask… For airborne cases
Wear surgical mask For droplet cases
Wear Goggles/Face shield E.g suctioning, intubation
Wear Gown When contact of clothing/exposed skin
with blood o body secretions
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Transmission-Based Precautions
are infection control practices in addition to Standard precautions that must be used for patients suspected to be infected with highly transmissible or epidemiologically important pathogens
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AIRBORNE PRECAUTION Apply to all patients known or suspected to
have serious illness or infected with microorganisms transmitted via airborne.
DROPLET PRECAUTION Apply to all patients known or suspected to
have serious illness or infected with microorganisms transmitted via droplet.
CONTACT PRECAUTION Apply to all patients known or suspected with
infections transmitted through blood and other body fluids.
Transmission-Based Precautions
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Types of Isolation Signage Color
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Reverse isolation, is used to protect a patient whose resistance to infection is severely lowered by a disease or treatment. The air supply to the room is filtered. All staff and visitors wear caps, gowns, masks, and gloves.
Reverse Isolation
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Airborne Precaution: (requires negative air pressure room). If no available AIIR, requires single room with own bathroom; install Air cleaner.Diseases transmitted through air. Remains in the air for a longer period of time (several days).
Droplet Precaution: (cohorting; maintain 3 ft. distance)Diseases transmitted through droplets. Remain in the air for several hours.
Blood and Body Fluids / Contact Precaution: (Isolation room not required except for MDRO)Diseases transmitted through contamination of blood and body fluids from an infectious patients.
Reverse Isolation: (single / private room). Install Air cleanerPatients with very low immune system.WBC – 1,000 below
Standard Precautions: (regular room)Applies to ALL patients regardless of disease status.
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Sharps InjuryPolicy All incidents pertaining to the sharps
injury and body fluid exposure shall be reported to ICC office
HCWs must be provided with prophylaxis, management and counseling regarding exposure to sharps, blood and body fluids.
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Person Responsible Infection Control Committee Chairman
Injured Healthcare Worker
Unit/Section Head/Immediate Superior
Infection Control Nurse
Employee Physician
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START
Report to immediate supervisor
Consult at Employees Clinic/ER
Baseline Reference
none
yes
Request for HbsAg, Anti HBs, Anti HcV
Additional HIV TestA
Bc