Inferences SummariesLiterary devicesImagerySensory details

Mrs. WendeleReading Class

Making an InferenceYou make inferences when

you take the information you are reading and connect it to your previous own knowledge and experiences.

Making an Inference

Information from the Text

My knowledge/experience

Inference

  “Jenny, is this how I factor this out?”     Jenny leaned over Anya’s shoulder and frowned. “Not quite. Remember when you multiply two negative numbers together, you get a positive.”     “Oh yeah! Thanks, Jen!”     Jenny usually had to help her friends with their homework. The two girls were close friends. Jenny didn’t have a lot of friends, but the few ones she did have stuck to her like glue. “So when is your mom going to let you have the keys, Anya?” Jenny asked.     “Ugh, probably never. I passed my test, but my mom loves that car. She’ll never trust me with it,” Anya said, “But what about you? How are you doing behind the wheel?”     Jenny looked up from her work and stared out into the school parking lot. Other teens she knew were already driving, Anya included, but Jenny was younger than most of the kids in her grade. She still had to wait months before she could take her driving test. She sighed. “I’m doing ok. My dad makes me learn in this old clunker. It’s got a clutch and everything." Jenny rolled her eyes. "He says if I can drive a standard, I can drive anything.”     “Don’t worry, Jen, you’ll ace that test. You’ll be driving in no time,” Anya smiled.     “I hope so. Come on, here’s our bus,” Jenny threw her books into her bag and stood up.

What can be inferred about Jenny from this passage?

• Jenny is smart and does well in school.

•CLUES•Anya and Jenny's other friends always ask her for help with their homework• Jenny is known for doing well on tests. •Even the way that Jenny's father is teaching her to drive shows that she seems to have good practical skills.

What can you infer from these sentences?

Jenny rolled her eyes. "He says if I can drive a standard, I can drive anything?"

• Jenny's father wants her to be prepared for life's challenges.

• Jenny's father seems to realize that if Jenny can perform a more difficult task, like driving an older car, then she should be able to deal easily with a more simple task, such as driving a newer car. Most likely, he hopes that Jenny will apply this lesson to other skills she learns.

Good Readers Summarize their ReadingSummarize: to reduce large

sections of text to their essential points and main idea.

Note: It is still important to attribute summarized ideas to the original source.

Good Readers Summarize their Reading Brief, coherent sentences that communicate

the key information (short paragraph) A main idea (the central meaning) Main character(s) in fiction Important details that come before, during,

and after the conflict in fiction Important details from the beginning, middle,

and end Must remain true to the author’s interpretation

and emphasis Focus on what the author is saying

A Great Summary Is …

1.Concise

2.Thorough

Concise:

adjective     Expressing much in few words

clear and to the point

“short and sweet”

Thorough

Adjective

including everything important

complete

hitting all the main points

B~M~E

Write a Three-Sentence Summary

Divide your text into three equal parts …

First sentence captures the essence of the beginning

Second sentence captures the essence of the middle

Third sentence captures the essence of the end

Literary Device Devices/techniques that writers

intentionally use in their work Examples

Personification Metaphor Foreshadowing Sensory detail Many more!

Imagery

the use of vivid description to create a picture in the reader's mind

Imagery

Sensory Detail Language that appeals specifically to the five senses.