Informal settlements

• Definition: A heavily populated urban area characterized by substandard housing and squalor.

• Other names: • shanty town, slum, favela, barrio, bustee,

ghetto

Where are you now? • What did you learn? • How did you learn it? • What activities did you learn best from? • How did you work in a team? Do you feel the same about the image at the start as you do now?

Group 1

• You will be using the newspaper article • Use the information to help you to complete

the sections of the A3 task sheet

• Remember other groups will have information to add to yours

Group 2

• You will be using the AQA text books p 152 – 153

• Use the images and information to help you to complete the sections of the A3 task sheet

• Remember other groups will have information to add to yours

Group 3

You will need to go to: http://www.diigo.com/user/geographers Tag: Dharavi

Your clip is called ‘life in the slums’Start at 4:30 mins Use the information to help you to complete the sections of the A3 task sheet

Remember other groups will have information to add to yours

Group 4

• Use the images and information to help you to complete the sections of the A3 task sheet

• Remember other groups will have information to add to yours

Group 5

You will need to go to: http://www.diigo.com/user/geographers Tag: Dharavi

Your clip is called ‘slumming it’Use the information to help you to complete the sections of the A3 task sheet

Remember other groups will have information to add to yours

Conditions in the slumIn the slum people have to live with many problems. People have to go to the toilet in the street and there are open sewers. Children play amongst sewage waste and doctors deal with 4,000 cases a day of diphtheria and typhoid. Next to the open sewers are water pipes, which can crack and take in sewage. Dharavi slum is based around this water pipe built on an old rubbish tip. The people have not planned this settlement and have no legal rights to the land. There are also toxic wastes in the slum including hugely dangerous heavy metals.

Dharavi is made up of 12 different neighbourhoods and there are no maps or road signs. The further you walk into Dharavi from the edge the more permanent and solid the structures become. People live in very small dwellings (e.g. 12X12ft), often with many members of their extended families.

Many architects and planners claim this slum could hold the solution to many of the problems of the worlds largest cities

Water is a big problem for Mumbai's population, standpipes come on at 5:30am for 2 hours as water is rationed. These standpipes are shared between many people. Rubbish is everywhere and most areas lack sanitation and excrement an d rats are found on the street. 500 people share one public latrine.The famous cloth washing area also has problems, despite its social nature sewage water filters into the water used for washing clothes.

Many daily chores are done in social spheres because people live close to one another. This helps to generate a sense of community. The buildings in this part of the slum are all of different heights and colours, adding interest and diversity. This is despite the enormous environmental problems with air and land pollution.

85% of people have a job in the slum and work LOCALLY, and some have even managed to become millionaires.

There are positives, informal shopping areas exist where it is possible to buy anything you might need. There are also mosques catering for people's religious needs.

There is a pottery area of Dharavi slum which has a community centre. It was established by potters from Gujarat 70 years ago and has grown into a settlement of over 10,000 people. It has a village feel despite its high population density and has a central social square.

Family life dominates, and there can be as many as 5 people per room. The houses often have no windows, asbestos roofs (which is dangerous if broken) and no planning to fit fire regulations. Rooms within houses have multiple functions, including living, working and sleeping.

Growth of the city

1950 2,857,0002007 18,963,0002020 23,931,000 Mumbai (Bombay) is India’s most populous city; over 18 million people live and work in its wider metropolitan region, tightly-packed on a thin stretch of land between the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Mumbai. Built on seven small islands progressively linked by land reclaimed from the sea, Mumbai’s growth has, until recently, been constrained by its physical geography. The city has grown along corridors created by an extensive suburban railway, though residential development often consists of slum settlements crowding dangerously close to the tracks.

Dharavi – the Heart of Mumbai

Where in the world is Dharavi, Mumbai?

Describe the location of Dharavi

What is the history of Dharavi?

Key facts and figures about Dharavi’s population

What industry and economic activity (work and jobs) takes place in Dharavi?

What are the positives of living in Dharavi for different groups of people?

What are the negatives of living in Dharavi for different groups of people?

How and why do people want to redevelop in Dharavi?

Lesson objectives: To be able to compare managed slums with unmanaged slum areas

RURAL AREA URBAN AREA

Dharavi – the Heart of Mumbai

Where in the world is Dharavi, Mumbai?

Describe the location of Dharavi

What is the history of Dharavi?

Key facts and figures about Dharavi’s population

What industry and economic activity (work and jobs) takes place in Dharavi?

What are the positives of living in Dharavi for different groups of people?

What are the negatives of living in Dharavi for different groups of people?

How and why do people want to redevelop in Dharavi?

Where are shanty towns located? Why?

Vision Mumbai – Dharavi redevelopment project

Vision Mumbai

Increase affordable housing

Improve transportatione.g. more train carriages,

buses and freeways

Upgrade infrastructure e.g. water, sanitation

Boost economic growth to 8-10% per annum More efficient city

government

http://coolgeography.co.uk/GCSE/AQA/Changing%20Urban/Shanties/Squatter%20settlements.htm#Managing_and_improving_Squatter_settlements • Mumbai currently ranks 163rd out of 218

cities

• A survey of toilet facilities in Dharavi in 1997 revealed that there was one toilet for every 1488 people.

• However, 80 %of these mainly public toilets were unusable because of blockages, filth and disrepair.