information engineering

• information engineering

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James Martin (author) - Information Engineering

1 Information Engineering (IE) is an approach to designing and developing

information systems. It has a somewhat chequered history that follows two very

distinct threads. It is said to have originated in Australia between 1976 and 1980, and appears first in the literature

in 1981 in the Savant Institute publication Information Engineering by

James Martin and Clive Finkelstein.


James Martin (author) - Information Engineering

1 Information Engineering first provided data analysis and database design techniques that could be used by database administrators (DBAs) and by systems analysts to develop

database designs and systems based upon an understanding of the

operational processing needs of organisations for the 1980s.


Information engineering

1 In software engineering, Information engineering (IE) or information

engineering methodology (IEM) is an approach to designing and

developing information systems. It can also be considered as the

generation, distribution, analysis and use of information in systems.


Information engineering - Overview

1 Examples include bioinformatics in which information engineering

tackles the high-throughput biological data for analysis and better biological understanding.


Information engineering - Overview

1 Information engineering has many purposes, including organization

planning, business re-engineering, application development, information

systems planning and systems re-engineering.


Information engineering - History

1 Information engineering has a somewhat chequered history that

follows two very distinct threads. It originated in Australia between 1976

and 1980, and appears first in the literature in a series of six InDepth

articles by the same name published by US Computerworld in May - June

1981.



1 He also co-authored with James Martin the influential Savant Institute

Report titled: "Information Engineering", published in Nov 1981.



1 Martin himself had significant stakes in at least four CASE tool vendors - InTech (Excelerator), Higher Order Software,

KnowledgeWare, originally Database Design Inc, (Information Engineering Workbench)

and James Martin Associates, originally DMW and now Headstrong (the original

designers of the Texas Instruments' Information Engineering Facility and the

principal developers of the methodology).


Information engineering - IE variants

1 There are two variants of information engineering. These are called the DP-

driven variant and the business-driven variant.



1 DP-driven : The DP-driven variant of Information engineering was

designed to enable IS Departments to develop information systems that

satisfied the information needs of the 1980s - which was largely a DP-

driven development environment. Most of the CASE tools available

today support this DP-driven variant of IE.



1 Business-driven: IE was extended into strategic business planning for

the business-driven variant of information engineering. This variant was designed for rapid change in the

client/server, object-oriented environment of the business-driven

1990s.


Information engineering - Software tools

1 There are several tools supporting

Information engineering


Information engineering - Software tools

1 Information engineering Facility (IEF) from Texas Instruments Software. This

was subsequently sold to Sterling Software and then to Computer

Associates. It still exists, in an evolved form within the Advantage suite. As of

2006 referred to as ALL:Fusion Gen, capable of generating J2EE and JAVA

web applications in addition to legacy client/server and mainframe platforms.


Information engineering - Further reading

1 Clive Finkelstein (1989). An Introduction to Information

engineering : From Strategic Planning to Information Systems. Sydney:

Addison-Wesley.



1 Ian Macdonald (1988). "Automating the Information engineering

Methodology with the Information engineering Facility". In:

Computerized Assistance during the Information Systems Life Cycle. T.W.

Olle et al. (ed.). North-Holland.



1 James Martin and Clive Finkelstein. (1981). Information engineering.

Technical Report (2 volumes), Savant Institute, Carnforth, Lancs, UK.



1 James Martin (1989). Information engineering. (3 volumes), Prentice-Hall Inc.


Information Engineering Facility

1 'CA Gen' is a Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE)

application development environment marketed by CA

Technologies. Gen was previously known as 'IEF' ('Information

Engineering Facility'), 'Composer by IEF', 'Composer', 'COOL:Gen',

'Advantage:Gen' and 'AllFusion Gen'.


Information Engineering Facility

1 The toolset originally supported the information engineering

methodology developed by Clive Finkelstein, James Martin (author)|

James Martin and others in the early 1980s. Early versions supported

IBM's IBM DB2|DB2 database, IBM 3270|3270 'block mode' screens and

generated COBOL code.


Information Engineering Facility - Overview

1 It was initially produced by Texas Instruments, with input from James

Martin (author)|James Martin and his consultancy firm James Martin

Associates, and was based on the Information Engineering Methodology (IEM). The first version was launched

in 1987.


Information Engineering Facility - Overview

1 In 1997, Composer had another change of branding, Texas Instruments sold the Texas Instruments Software division, including the

Composer rights, to Sterling Software. Sterling software changed the well known name Information Engineering Facility to

COOL:Gen. COOL was an acronym for Common Object Oriented Language - despite the fact that there was little Object-oriented

programming|object orientation in the product.


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