:Presented by

Mr. Sougrati BELATTAR Prepared by:

Mohamed EL AFI ( PhD student)

Sougrati BELATTAR ( professor)

F a c u l t y o f S c i e n c e s S e m l a l i a - M ar r a k e c h D e p a r t m e n t o f P h y s i c s

1

Infrared Thermography for Detection of Pipes and Identification

of Frames in a Concrete Wall

Presentation Paper

11th European C

onference on Non-D

estructive Testing (E

CN

DT

2014), October 6-10, 2014, Prague, C

zech Republic

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1

1

Introduction

Principle of the method

Structure of the model

Conclusion

PLAN PLAN

Simulations Results

Principle of

the method

Structure of

the model

Simulations

ResultsConclusionIntroduction

Introduction

Principle of

the method

Structure of

the model

2

3

Introduction

Principle of

the method

la réglementation

(DTU feu-béton)

Abstract

3

Structure of

the model

Infrared thermography is a thermal method of non destructive testing which can

contribute to the evaluation of the integrity of the civil engineering structures,

especially when the question is to detect the defects close to surface. Its

principle is based on the analysis of the thermal images captured on a surface of

the suspect structure. This method has several advantages, among others, one

can quote the nondestructive character, measurement can be done without

contact with the suspect object and the results can be immediately exploited

without any preliminary treatment.

4

Introduction

Principle of

the method

la réglementation

(DTU feu-béton)

4

Structure of

the model

Infrared Thermographic technique is investigated numerically and

experimentally for location and sizing of water mains and to identify reinforcing steel in concrete members.

A finite element based numerical analysis demonstrated the feasibility

of thermography as an evaluation technique for reinforcement in concrete.

5

Principle of

the method

Introduction

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Princip le

5

The non destructive testing by infrared thermography is based on the

principle that the sped of the heat flow penetrating in a structure depends on

the thermophysical parameters of this structure; namely thermal conductivity,

the calorific capacity and the density. When the structure is homogeneous,

the heat flow is propagated in a uniform way; in the case of presence of an

inclusion presenting thermophysical properties different from those of the

structure, the heat flow will be accelerated or slowed down according to the

nature of this inclusion (conductor or heat insulator). In this case, more or less

hot thermal tasks will appear on the surface.

6

Principle of

the method

Généralités

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Conclusion

Principle of

the method

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Structu re

6

wall of concrete of parallelepiped form of dimensions: (2m x 1.2m

x 0.25m) in which are introduced cylindrical pipes or bar for concrete reinforcement to be studied

Structure adopted

7

Principle of

the method

Généralités

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Principle of

the method

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Character i st i cs o f the used mater i als

7

Material thermal

conductivity

[W/ (m*K)]

Density

[kg/m3]

Heat capacity at

constant pressure

[J/ (kg*K)]

PVC 0.18 1380 1000

Melting 56 6800 450

Cooper 400 8900 390

Frames 36 7800 473

Concrete 1.73 2200 837

Water 0.589 999.045 4180

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Principle of

the method

Généralités

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Conclusion

Principle of

the method

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Boundary cond i t ions

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the other faces are thermally isolated (Q = 0).

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f the mater i al natu re

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Thermographic images and temperature spatial evolution

of pipes filled with water

Pipe filled with water (Melting. PVC and Coper)

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f the mater i al natu re

10

Thermographic images and temperature spatial evolution

of empty pipes

Empty pipe (Melting. PVC and Coper)

11

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe d iameter

11

Structure of the model

d1= 36 mm

d2= 24mm

d3= 16mm

12

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe d iameter

12

Cast Iron

Thermographic images and temperature changes

under the effect of pipe diameter cast iron

13

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe d iameter

13

PVC

Thermographic images and temperature changes

under the diameter effect of PVC pipe

14

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe posi t ion

14

Structure of the model

h1 = 50mm

h2 =60mm

h3 = 70mm

15

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe posi t ion

15

Iron pipes

Thermographic image and temperature changes due to

the iron pipes position

16

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe posi t ion

16

PVC pipes

Thermographic image and temperature changes due

to the PVC pipe position

17

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

Ef fect o f p ipe posi t ion

17

Temperature difference as a function of position

Material Position

(mm)

∆T (°C )

PVC

h1 0.24

h2 0.14

h3 0.12

Fonte

h1 -0.18

h2 -0.16

h3 -0.13

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Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

App l i cat ion to the i ron bar Iden t i f i cat ion in rein fo rced concrete

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Temperature difference as a function of position

Thermographic image and temperature evolution of reinforced

concrete

19

Structure of

the model

Simulations

Results

Conclusion

App l i cat ion to the i ron bar Iden t i f i cat ion in rein fo rced concrete

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Temperature difference depending on the diameter of the bars

Material Position

(mm)

∆T (°C )

Ø 6 5 -0.09

Ø 8 5 -0.14

Ø 10 -0.22

2020

• The detectability of pipes is relatively simple in the case of empty ones.

• The detectability of pipes or iron bars in concrete wall is relatively simple

for pipes and bars having a large diameter.

• The closest pipes or iron bars to the input face are easier to detect than those

located more away.

2121

[1] N. Laaidi, S. Belattar and A. Elballouti, “Pipeline Corrosion, Modeling and Analysis,”

Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 30, No. 3, 2011, pp. 158-163.

[2] R. Plesu, G. Teodoriu, G. Taranu « investigation »

[3] https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=infrared+thermography+applications

+for+building+investigation

[4] Tchainiocov, Mikhael V, M.S, Rice University, 1994: Infrared Thermography for

non- destructive identification of reinforcement in concrete.

[5] J. RHAZI, S. NAAR. : Aptitude de la thermography infrarouge à détecter les fissures e

t nids d’abeille dans le béton.

[6] A. Elballouti, S. Belattar. : Numerical method applied to the non-destructive characterization

of the cracks in the roadways. Physical & Chemical News 35 (May 2007) 43-47.

[7] A. Obbadi, S. Belattar: Vth international workshop, Advances in Signal processing for

non-destructive evaluation of materials, (2006) 203-208 (Canada, Quebec).

[8] S.Belattar« Notion d'impédance thermique appliquée à la caractérisation et au contrôle non

destructif des systèmes ». Thèse de doctorat, Université de des sciences et technologies de Lille,

1992, France

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