ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Innovating Towards Sustainability in the Global Chemistry

Enterprise

American Chemical Society

David J. C. Constable, Ph.D.

Director, ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

IGCW Inspiration

4 December 2015

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Engaging you to reimagine chemistry and engineering for a

sustainable future.

American Chemical Society

We believe sustainable and green

chemistry innovation holds the key to

solving most environmental and human

health issues facing our world today.

• Advancing Science

• Advocating for Education

• Accelerating Industry

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Why Reimagine Chemistry?

• The chemistry enterprise as currently

operated is completely unsustainable:

– Feedstocks

– Chemicals

– Chemistries

– Processes

– Products

Chemists and chemical engineers are

uniquely equipped to do something about

making the world more sustainable American Chemical Society

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

NSF Sustainable Chemistry Workshop Conclusions – Jan, 2012

• Systems-level thinking is required

• More fundamental research should be use inspired

• Green is not synonymous with sustainable

• Efficiency is necessary but not sufficient due to the

rebound effect (Jevon’s paradox)

• Sustainability research and education is multi-

disciplinary and collaborative

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ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Innovation is Essential

American Chemical Society

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

Environmentally preferred

Economically viable

Societal Need

Green

Chemistry

Green Chemistry Should Spur Innovation

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The Market for Green Chemistry is Expanding

The green chemistry market will grow from $2.8 billion in

2011 to $98.5 billion in 2020.

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Sustainable Chemistry Opportunities

• Exploit greater chemical diversity especially what is

available from biorenewables

• Greater understanding and uptake of synthetic biology

as a synthesis tool

• New reactions that are focused on biologically-derived

molecules.

• Low energy, direct conversion of CO2 to methanol or

>C1 molecules

• Sustainable source of hydrogen

• Closing the materials loop – waste as raw material

American Chemical Society

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Different Building Blocks are Essential

12

• Target different framework molecules

• Leverage new chemistries

• 95 % of synthetic chemicals are derived from petroleum.

• 70% of the “core” of organic transformations are based around the

high volume petroleum precursors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 5348 –5354

New targets.

New substrates.

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ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

R&D:

Process Development

Material Selection

Hazard & Risk

assessment

Resource

Extraction

Ultimate

Ecological

Fate

Raw material and energy consumption

Raw Material

Manufacture

Final Consumer Use

Intermediate Products Final Product

Sales and

Marketing

Distribution Store

Emissions to air, water and land

Everyone Needs to See The Big Picture

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Innovations are Needed Everywhere The laboratory

• Development laboratories are full of batch equipment.

They need to contain:

- Plug-and-play continuous equipment

- Infrastructure to feed, monitor, control, acquire data

from continuous devices

- Ubiquitous property and kinetic measurement

capability

The chemist and the engineer

• Whole process thinking is needed

• New skill sets need to emerge with new ways of

processing:

- Existing “batch” skill sets are effective but restricted

- Early and effective communication between chemist

and engineer is essential to identify process options

- Increased pressure on quantitative skills – newer

process equipment designs are less forgiving

• New ways of developing and optimising processes

are needed

Business processes

• Valuing process robustness and quality

• Valuing EHS benefits in DfM

• Planning development activities to allow for working faster

• Taking a portfolio vs. product perspective

• Innovation implies more technical decisions to be taken earlier

Other Resources

• Money/Investment to change!

• Equipment, Time and Information availability

• Software / modelling tools

• Complexity

Development Process

Engineering

Chemistry Materials

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NOW ONLINE

ASK QUESTIONS about green chemistry

FURTHER YOUR RESEARCH by collaborating with innovators

EXPLORE AND VISUALIZE the green chemistry community

Research, connect, collaborate, and innovate with the

green chemistry community.

In collaboration with:

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

• Discover research and

funding opportunities in

green chemistry

• Continue discussions

outside of conferences

• Ask questions about

programs or research and

get expert answers

Green Chemistry Innovation Forum

Green Chemistry Innovation Portal

In collaboration with:

Talk with the green chemistry community!

Green Chemistry Innovation Forum

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

Check out the forum if you are a:

• Researcher with new technology

• Company looking for greener/safer

alternatives

• Educator who wants to incorporate

green chemistry

• Student pursuing green chemistry

• Green chemistry professional in

any sector

Green Chemistry Innovation Forum

www.greenchemistryportal.org

In collaboration with:

Talk with the green chemistry community!

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

• Explore how organizations are

connected to green chemistry

• Shows relationships between

green chemistry centers and

businesses

• Academic view highlights

universities and NSF Centers

for Chemical Innovation

Green Chemistry Innovation Map Explore the green chemistry community!

www.greenchemistryportal.org

In collaboration with:

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Green Chemistry & Engineering Education Roadmap

American Chemical Society

Coordination

Long-Term

Goals

Multi-year Effort

Short-Term

Goals

Partnership to generate

Consensus

Stakeholder

Investment

Destination & Path

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What do green chemists need to know?

• Identify major green chemistry thematic areas

• Develop Learning Objectives around the themes

What are the gaps in existing resources?

• Inventory & evaluation of existing materials, programs, infrastructure

• Gaps in…

• Materials

• Capacity building

• Implementation strategies

Define how to fill the gaps

• What materials are needed?

• How should these be developed?

• Who should develop them?

• How to leverage existing tools & resources for education

GC Education Road Map Development

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

ACS GCI Industrial Roundtables

Catalyzing the integration of sustainable and green chemistry and

engineering in the global chemistry enterprise.

American Chemical Society

We convene companies from across the world to focus on the science

of sustainable and green chemistry and its implementation.

• Pharmaceutical

• Formulators

• Chemical Manufacturers

• Hydraulic Fracturing

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Roundtable Member Companies

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Pharmaceutical Roundtable - Tools

ACS GCI PRT Reagent Guides

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Chemical Manufacturers’ Roundtable Proposal: DOE Grant

Accelerating Industrial Application of Less Energy-Intensive Alternative Separations

DOE’s New Initiative

High Performance

Computational Modeling

$5MM and 8-10 projects

21st Century Energy Efficient

Manufacturing

Fast Track: One Year to

Complete: Full Proposal Due

Nov’15

American Chemical Society

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

Biotechnology Leadership Roundtable (BTLR) Proposed Vision and Mission

Vision

• A sustainable chemicals economy

Mission

• The BTLR will promote and advance a sustainable chemicals economy by:

• Supporting sound science in research

• Stimulating innovative ideas in business, education, government and civil society

• Transferring leading practices to promote the bio-based economy

• Promoting education and awareness

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

BTLR Proposed Strategic Objectives Key Challenges and Opportunities of Sector

• Sustainability/Environmental performance standards

• Developing technology to achieve parity

• Supporting market opportunities

Supporting sound science in research

• Identify market-ready products and technology

• Consortium to tackle various pre-competitive topics

• Assisting small to mid-size businesses on pre-competitive topics

Stimulating innovative ideas in business, education,

government and civil society

• Technology transfer across the value chain

• Business case (increase market demand)

• Feedstock (Quality, Cost, Environmental)

Transferring leading practices to promote the bio-

based economy

• Building trust in biotechnology

• Increase awareness Promoting education and awareness

American Chemical Society

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Success Stories in Sustainable Innovation

ACS Green Chemistry Institute®

PGCCA - 20 Year History of Innovations

• Focus Area 1: Greener Synthetic Pathways

• Focus Area 2: Greener Reaction Conditions

• Focus Area 3: The Design of Greener Chemicals

• Small Business* (for a technology in any of the three

focus areas developed by a small business)

• Academic (for a technology in any of the three focus

areas developed by an academic researcher)

• Specific Environmental Benefit: Climate Change (for a

technology in any of the three focus areas that

reduces greenhouse gas emissions) American Chemical Society

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PGCCA Awards Using a Renewable Resource

A majority of award winners have not used a

renewable resource

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About 15% of award winners have used some

kind of bio-technology to achieve their innovation

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Process innovations are the most common kinds

of innovations, followed by introductions of new

chemicals

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Organic chemistry and biochemistry are the two

areas of chemistry responsible for the greatest

proportion of innovations.

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For innovations in a new chemical, the greatest

proportion of these are inorganic in nature

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Organic chemistry is the basis for most

innovations that are process-based

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CASE 1: DOW & BASF PGCCA Winners for Greener Synthetic Pathways Hydrogen Peroxide to Propylene Oxide Process

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

Sustainable Polymers and Composites: Optimal Design

• Among the top 30 largest-

volume chemical

intermediates produced in

the world

• Annual worldwide demand

is estimated to be over 14

billion pounds

• Key raw material for PU,

propylene glycols, glycol

ethers, etc.

U.S. EPA

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Impact of HPPO Process

• This new route to make propylene oxide with hydrogen peroxide

(Solvay’s advanced anthroquinone autooxidation process) that eliminates most of the

waste and greatly reduces water and energy use compared to

traditional technologies

• Wastewater reduced up to 80%

• Energy use reduced by 35%

• Production facilities are up to 25 % cheaper to build

Process Precursors Intermediate Coproducts/Recycle

t/t PO

PCH PO Cl2, H2O HOCl, PCH ≥ 2 t Chloride salts

≥ 40 t H2O

SM PO Ethylbenzene EB-hydroperoxide ≥ 2.2 t Styrene

MTBE PO Isobutane t-Butylhydroperoxide ≥ 2.4 t t-Butanol

Cumene PO Cumene Cumene-hydroperoxide ≈ 1.5 t Cumyl-alcohol

HPPO H2, O2 H2O2 ≥ 0.3 t H2O

DOI: 10.3303/CET1021096

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CASE 2: ELEVANCE RENEWABLE SCIENCES, INC.

PGCCA Winner in the Small Business Category

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Proprietary Metathesis Technology

A

methyl oleate

C

ethylene

Elevance Proprietary Catalyst

D

B

Catalyst

C

9-decenoic acid methyl ester

D

1-decene

A

B

A

C

methyl oleate

methyl oleate

D

Catalyst

B

C

9-octadecenedioic acid methyl ester

A

D

9-octadecene

B

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Elevance Advantage: Superior Process

Feedstock Options

Soy oil

Palm oil

Canola oil

Corn oil

Jatropha

Algae

Tallow

Mustard oil

Nobel Prize-Winning Technology

Co-Reactants

Metathesis

ERS proprietary biorefinery process

Existing Biodiesel

Asset

Distillation

Transesterification

Standard Chemical

Unit Operations

Derivatization Separations

Alcohol

‘Drop In’ and

and Specialty Products

Glycerol

Distillation

Hydrolysis/ Hydrogenation

Specialty Chemicals

Olefins

Oleochemicals

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Impact Economic Benefits

• Elevance’s biorefinery results in lower production costs, energy consumption, and

capital expenditures than petrochemical refineries

• Elevance addresses a market of $176 billion in the specialty chemicals industry

Platform Market Segment Addressable Market Size

Consumer Ingredients

& Intermediates

Detergents and cleaners $20 billion

Personal care products $6 billion

Performance waxes $5 billion

Lubricants & Additives Lubricant base oils $17 billion

Lubricant and fuel additives $12 billion

Engineered Polymers

& Coatings

Specialty polyamides, polyesters, and polyols $25 billion

Epoxies and polyurethanes $58 billion

Coatings and cross linking agents for coatings $33 billion

• Consumer Impact Example: Detergents

o Elevance’s specialty chemicals enable detergents that have more concentrated

formulations and improved solvency (better cleaning) while working in cold

water (reduced energy costs)

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CASE 3: MYRIANT Commercializing Bio-Based Chemicals

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Bio-Succinic Acid “Drops-In” to Chemical Manufacturing to Replace Petroleum

• High Value

• Proven Chemistry/Scale

• High Performing

• Cost Competitive

• Better Environmental Footprint

• Extensive IP

$7.5B Succinic Acid

Market

SAC Replacement

BDO

PBS

Serving Immediate Demand in Multiple Application Markets

Myriant Bio-Succinic Acid

Molecule

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Myriant’s Bio-Succinic Acid Value Proposition

• Bio-succinic Acid Process Has Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions

94% less than petrochemical succinic acid* 93% less than petrochemical adipic acid*

• Renewable Feedstocks are Cheaper and Less Volatile Than Petroleum

• Efficient Fermentation and Downstream Processes Optimize Production Costs

• Feedstock can be sorghum (non-food) based or corn based

• Drop-in Replacement Anywhere Succinic Acid is Currently Being Used

• Replaces petroleum based chemicals in Urethane, Plasticizer, Coatings and Polymer Applications

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CASE 4: RICHARD WOOL, University of Delaware

2013 PGCCA Winner in Academic Category

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Sustainable Polymers and Composites: Optimal Design

New biobased materials substitutes for toxic substances used to make high-

performance materials, like adhesives, composites, and foams

Fatty acids

Triglycerides Lignin

Chicken feathers U.S. EPA

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

Sustainable Polymers and Composites: Optimal Design

• Twinkling Fractal Theory

(TFT) to predict the

functional properties of a

material based on its

molecular properties

• Evaluates the potential

toxicity of the materials

using the U.S. EPA’s EPI

SuiteTM software

U.S. EPA

• Impact: requires less H2O, energy, & toxic waste vs.

traditional technologies

• Commercialization: Dixie Chemical & Crey Bioresins

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Conclusions

• There’s a lot going on in green and sustainable chemistry in the

United States (and the rest of the world)!

• The chemistry and chemical engineering communities are the

best suited to make a difference in moving sustainability

forward

• Sustainable and Green chemistry is more than just hazard and

pollution reduction

• Innovation is key to making chemistry greener and more

sustainable

• Early design that incorporates sustainable and green chemistry

and engineering principles is imperative to achieve the most

cost effective gains

• There are many examples of success

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

ACS Green Chemistry Institute® American Chemical Society

Questions?

David J. C. Constable

d_constable@acs.org

What’s Your Green Chemistry? TM We want to hear your story. Contact gci@acs.org