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3/7/2019 1 Innovations in Wildlife Rehabilitation Bird Banding, Research and More! Dr. Renee Schott, Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of MN [email protected] Halley Buckanoff, North Carolina Zoo’s Wildlife Rehabilitation Center [email protected] Disclaimer We are not PHDs Not enough time information is not exhaustive Trying to keep it practical 1 2

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Page 1: Innovations in Wildlife Rehabilitation - cdn.ymaws.com · Literature review ... BBL turns down most rehabilitation applications for permits-why? 19 20. 3/7/2019 11 (recent) History

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Innovations in Wildlife Rehabilitation

Bird Banding, Research and More!

Dr. Renee Schott, Wildlife Rehabilitation Center of MN [email protected]

Halley Buckanoff, North Carolina Zoo’s Wildlife Rehabilitation Center [email protected]

Disclaimer

✘ We are not PHDs✘ Not enough time → information is

not exhaustive✘ Trying to keep it practical

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What is Research?

Research is diligent and systematic inquiry or investigation to...✘ Discover new knowledge✘ Revise facts, theories, applications, etc.✘ Answer a question✘ Solve a problem✘ To inform decisions✘ A way to prove lies and to support truths✘ Nourishment and exercise for the mind

What is Research?

Research produces evidence

We use evidence to make decisions toimprove animal care and outcomes

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Evidence-Based

Practice

What are some types of research studies?✘ Retrospective: retrospective study looks backwards and examines factors

in relation to an outcome that is established at the start of the study✘ Prospective: Watches for outcomes, such as the development of a disease,

during the study period and relates this to other factors such as suspected risk or protection factors

✘ Randomized: ex: treatments are randomly assigned to participants✘ Double-blind: neither the participants nor the experimenters know

who is receiving a particular treatment.✘ Controlled: group in the study that does not have/get a

variable/treatment; often human placebo groups are control groups✘ Case study: a process or record of research in which detailed

consideration is given to the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time; “N” - Sample size

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Hierarchy of Evidence

MEDICINE

Natural History

Identification

Evidence-Based Practice

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Ethical Considerations surrounding research

✘ Subjects/patients: ✗ Species, age, injury, etc✗ Negative impacts:

✗ Extra handling✗ Anesthesia✗ Procedures✗ Delayed release✗ Pain✗ Etc.

✘ Useful outcome✘ Your resources

✘ Oversight ✗ IACUC - Institutional Animal Care and

Use Committee✗ In-house/external research review

committees

Ethical Considerations surrounding research

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Who can do research?

✘ Anyone!

How to participate in research

✘ Reach out to other institutions/facilities/universities/zoos

✘ Be professional✗ They need to trust you and your data✗ You need to prove yourself✗ Offer samples✗ Be easy to work with✗ Be up front about your limitations✗ Have good records

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How to start your own study

✘ Learn !✘ Classes✘ Participate in other studies✘ Find a mentor

✘ What? What question do you want to answer? What hypothesis do you want to test?

✘ Develop a plan✗ Literature review✗ Resources needed✗ Step-by-step SOP for the study

How to start your own study

✘ Have your mentor, others, etc review the plan in all aspects but especially biases, rigor of the study, ethics

✘ Ethics review

✘ Just the beginning….

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Example 2013

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Sunday Monday Wednesday Friday Saturday

Total Glo-germ Levels

Days of Experiment

Day 1

Transfer of glo-germ to sensitive species room

Example 2016

✘ No transfer to sensitive species room!

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What Research is being Done?

✘ Keep up on the literature✘ Google scholar, etc✘ Email the primary author

✘ Network!■ “I got a guy…”

https://www.nwrawildlife.org/page/Research

https://theiwrc.org/resources/research

Questions so far?

✘ On to bird banding!

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Bird banding

✘ Application of permanent metal (and occasionally plastic colored) bands to the legs of migratory birds for the purpose of scientific study✗ Longevity✗ Monitoring populations✗ Determining migratory routes✗ Breeding/nesting patterns✗ etc.

✘ Found bands (bird died, number read from afar) can be reportedto the BBL

Why band rehabilitated birds?

✘ To get band returns! Really the only way we know we are doing our jobs well

✘ Current rehabilitation studies/permits:✘ Post-Release Survival of commonly hand-reared

Songbirds (HDB)✘ Oiled Birds (many)✘ Raptors (many)

✘ (IME) BBL turns down most rehabilitation applications for permits- why?

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(recent) History of Bird Banding in NA

✘ Before 1909: chaos✘ 1909: American Bird Banding Association

formed to try and organize and assist (private)

✘ 1918: Migratory Bird Treaty Act✘ 1920: Too much banding for ABBA to

coordinate → Bureau of Biological Survey (now USGS)

✘ Today: Bird Banding Lab & Canadian Wildlife Service work together

Bird Banding in Wildlife Rehabilitation

✘ Banding of birds for release✗ Federal permit BBL +/- state permit✗ Only official federal bands may be legally

placed on birds that are released to the wild within NA

✗ Approximately 2000 Master Banders in NA; 3000 Sub-Permittees

✗ Must apply, have experience, and well defined research

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Obstacles:✘ Past: Dilution of data

✘ Current: rehabilitated bird categories✘ Past: some rehabilitators have give

poor, incomplete data

✘ BE PROFESSIONAL

Bird Banding in Wildlife Rehabilitation

Getting your permit to band

✘ Work with existing banders to learn the process✗ Learn the ID/aging/sexing✗ Learn the skill of putting bands on and equipment✗ Learn the handling✗ Learn the paperwork/recordkeeping/data entry

✘ Become a sub-permitee on a study✘ Apply to for a Master Bander permit for a

specific study✘ BE PROFESSIONAL

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Skills

Find a bird bander near you!

✘ Wildlife agency✘ Universities✘ Birding clubs✘ Email BBL✘ MAPS

REMEMBER - BE PROFESSIONAL

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Rehabilitators currently banding

✘ Post-Release Survival of commonly hand-reared Songbirds (HB)

✘ Oiled Birds (several)✘ Raptors (many)✘ Found bands reported to:

✗ https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/BBL/bblretrv/

Resources

✘ https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Pyle_2008_Birding_by_Feather_A_Molt_Primer.pdf

✘ Books: Identification Guide to North American Birds, Part I and II, Peter Pyle

✘ https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pwrc/science/bird-banding-laboratory?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

✘ Book: Molt in North American Birds, Steve Howell✘ copies: Tabular Pyle

https://www.klamathbird.org/resources/tabular-pyle✘ To report a band:

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Questions...

• Thank you!

[email protected]

[email protected]

Recent Research by Rehabilitators

Mcruer, Dave L., et al. "Free‐roaming cat interactions with wildlife admitted to a wildlife hospital." The Journal of Wildlife Management 81.1 (2017): 163-173.

Saunders, S., et al. "Outbreak of campylobacteriosis associated with raccoon contact at a wildlife rehabilitation centre, Minnesota, 2013." Zoonoses and public health 64.3 (2017): 222-227.

Smith, Abigail E., "Prediction Factors for Release of Wildlife at a Midwestern Rehabilitation Facility" (2018). Honors Thesis Projects. 69.

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