Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?Next >

Sort the items on your table into the 3 categories:a) Solid, b) Liquid, or c) GasDo Now2) Observe the items on your desk. In your notes, record the qualities that are similar for most solids, most liquids, and most gases1Agenda:Watch the video clip States of Matter (3 mins)Read the article States of matter (4 mins)Complete chart. (5 mins)Complete interactiveInquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave?DO NOT TOUCH THE LAPTOPS UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO!!!

Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave?USING THE LAPTOPS1) THERE IS NO FOOD OR DRINKS NEAR THE LAPTOPS2) Laptops are not for personal use!3) You must ONLY work on the laptop assigned to you.4) You are to ONLY go on the sites assigned by the teacher5) Keep the computer away from the tables edge6) Treat the laptop with care -> they are brand new!DO NOT write, scratch, or peel the material labels off the laptop!!

Anyone unable to follow the rules will no longer be allowed laptop use for the rest of the semester, marked as cutting, and will be given an automatic detention.

Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave?Task:Read the directions on your activity sheet to navigate through the interactiveRead the slides and respond to the questionsThe activity sheet is both sides of the paper.Inquiry: How do the atoms in solids, liquids, and gases behave?CLEAN UP YOUR AREA!-Throw away all garbage on your table and on the floor.Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?Solid Liquid GasSoil, Block, Foam?, Baking Soda, Plastic, Balloon.Water, Oil, Corn Syrup?Balloon (air inside)Not shapeshifters. Atoms are together/tighter, surfaces,

Shapeshifters, absorbed by things, atoms are further apart, more movementLight, shapeshifters, spreads out. L.T: I can write creatively about each state of matterDo Now:Sort the labels and pictures on your desk based on the different states of matterTemperature???Temperature??

IInvestigation question: How does increasing the temperature of water affect how fast the water molecules move?Independent Variable:Dependent Variable:Constant (Fair experiment):

Materials:the temperature of the waterhow fast the water molecules movesame amount of watersame type of beakers1) Two beakers2) Water3) A hot plate4) Two thermometers5) Food Coloring6) Two timersInquiry: How does temperature affect the atoms/molecules in an object?Inquiry: How does temperature affect the atoms/molecules in an object?

Procedure:

Step 1) Measure 150 mL of water into each beakerStep 2) Label one beaker room temperature water and the other beaker heated water.Step 3) Using the hot plate, heat the water in the beaker labeled heated water until it reaches. 70oC Step 4) Measure and record the temperature of the water in both beakers.Step 5) Place 3 drops of food coloring in both beakers at the same time. Record the amount of time it takes for the food coloring to spread through the water in each beaker.Step 6) Rinse both beakers. Repeat steps 1- 6 two timesInquiry: How does temperature affect the atoms/molecules in an object?

TrialsAmount of WaterAmount of Food ColoringTemperature of WaterLength of Time for food coloring to circulateTrial 1150mL3 dropsRoom temp.=150mL3 dropsHeated water=Trial 2150 mL3 dropsRoom temp. =150 mL3 dropsHeated water=Trial 3150 mL3 dropsRoom temp. = 150 mL3 dropsHeated temp.= Investigation Question:How does increasing the temperature of water affect how fast the water molecules move?Time (s)Temperature (oC)0102030405060708090100110120130140150Rm. Temp(24oC)Heated(85oC)Rm. Temp(25oC)Heated(87oC)Trial 1Trial 2Rm. Temp(25oC)Heated(86oC)Trial 3Temperature of water vs Length of time for food coloring to circulate13Next >Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases?Journal Entry (in your binder): Observe what happens to the water as it is heated. List at least 3 qualitative observations.Are we adding or subtracting energy from the water by heating it?

14Next >Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases?All matter possesses a certain amount of energy because atoms/molecules are always moving.

SolidLiquidGas

Temperature measures the amount of motion/energy, and heat in an object.(measured in Celsius (oC), Fahrenheit (oF), or Kelvin 15Next >Inquiry: What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases?Matter: anything that takes up space. (made up of atoms/molecules)

SolidLiquidGas

States of Matter: different phase of matter based on the amount of energy the atoms have.16

SolidsAtoms movement and energy: atoms/molecules in a solid do not move a lot. (vibrate). Low energyNext >Shape-shifting ability: solids keep the same shape no matter what container they are in.Volume: solids take up the same amount of space no matter whatcontainer they are in.17Liquids (intermediate stage between solids and gases)Atoms movement and energy: Atoms/molecules in a liquid move around more freely than in a solid. (Medium energy)Next >Shape-shifting ability: change shape based on the container it is inVolume: Liquids take up the same amount of space no matter what container they are in.

18GasesNext >

Shape-shifting ability: change shape based on the container it is inVolume: Gas can be compressed to change the amount of spacethey take up. (no set volume)Atoms movement and energy: Atoms/molecules in a gas move around quickly. (High energy)19

GasesThe volume of a gas is affected by both temperature and pressure. Next >

0 C

100 C At higher temperatures, the particles in a gas have more energy, so they move around more rapidly.This causes the gas to occupy more space at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures.20Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Melting: solid to liquid.Melting point: the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. (waters melting point = above OoC or 32oF)

SolidLiquidIncreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Freezing: liquid to solidFreezing point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. (waters freezing point = 0oC or 32oF)

LiquidSolidDecreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

*Evaporation: liquid to gas*Boiling point: the temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas. (waters boiling point = 100oC or 212oF)

LiquidGasIncreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

*Condensation (con-den-say-shun): gas to liquid

GasLiquidDecreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

Inquiry: How are solids, liquids, and gases different?

Sublimation(sub-li-ma-shun): solid to gas (skips over liquid stage)SolidGasIncreasing temperature, atoms movement and energy.

Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle?

Journal Entry:View video Energy and the four states of matter.Summarize the video.Sequence the 4 states of matter in order from lowest atomic energy to highest atomic energy.

*Copy Journal Entry in your binder*Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle?

Task:View the animation of the water cycle and the NASA video Earths Water CycleIn your own words define:EvaporationEvapotranspiration (e-vap-o-trans-per-a-shun) c) Name and describe the process that creates clouds.d) Define Precipitation

Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle?

Water cycle*Copy the flow chart:*

1)2)Task:1) Match the different characteristics with the appropriate state of matter. Record it in your notesAssessment Question:The 3 pictures below represent the atoms in each of the 3 different states of matter. Label the picture that you think represents a solid. SolidInquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle?

Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?Phase Change: a physical change, when a substance changes its state of matter.Ex. At boiling point, a phase change occurs from liquid to gas.The temperature at which water becomes a gas (steam) is 100 C or 212oF. Boiling points of other liquids may be much higher or lower than this.Next >

*Copy notes in your binder* (3 mins)31Task:Today you will complete an investigation to determine what happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change. After every minute, you will be measuring the temperature of water while it is being heated. If you did not print your lab sheets, you must set up a new sheet of loose leaf as described in the following 2 slides:Inquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?Inquiry: How do phase changes influence the water cycle?

*Set up your a sheet of loose leaf paper as follows:

1) What do you think will happen to the temperature of the water if it is continually heated? (Ifthenbecause hypothesis)Response: ____________________________________2) What do you think will happen to the temperature of the water when it starts to boil? (Ifthenbecause hypothesis)Response: ___________________________________

Data Table:

*(Leave a few lines to give your response)*(Leave a few lines to give your response)Data TableTime water was heated (min.)Temperature of water0CIs it boiling (Y or N)012345*Continue your data table up to minutes 20. You should have 22 rows in totalInquiry: What happens to the temperature of a substance during a phase change?The melting point of a substance is one of its most important properties. This is the temperature at which a substance turns from a solid into a liquid. The melting point of ice is above 0 C or 32oF. This means that water is a liquid at room temperature (20 C).Next >

35Inquiry: What happens to the temperature during a phase change?Time (minutes)Temperature of water (oC)0100Boiling Point : Phase change from liquid to gasInquiry: What happens to the temperature during a phase change?Time (minutes)Temperature of water (oC)0100EvaporationPhase change (L to G)During a phase change, the temperature stays constant (the same). Time (minutes)Temperature of H2O (oC)0100MeltingPhase change (S to L) -100EvaporationPhase change (L to G)Solid (ice)Liquid (water)

Inter.-Level Science Spring 08 [10]

41 The diagram below shows a spinning watersprinkler. Water comes through a hose and issprayed by the sprinkler.

Which principle best explains why the sprinklerspins?(1) Every action has an equal and opposite

reaction.(2) Solid substances are usually more dense

than liquid substances.(3) Energy is released when water condenses.(4) Most substances expand when heated and

contract when cooled.

42 The gravitational force between the Moon andEarth depends on(1) their masses, only(2) their diameters, only(3) their masses and how far apart they are(4) their diameters and how far apart they are

43 The diagram below shows a hammer being usedby a person to remove a nail from a piece ofwood.

The hammer is being used as which type of simple machine?(1) wheel and axle (3) lever(2) inclined plane (4) pulley

Hose

Water

Force exertedby person

HammerNail

40 The diagram below shows a model of a sample of gas particles at room temperature.

Which diagram best shows the results of removing heat from this sample until it freezes?

( 3 )( 2 )( 1 ) ( 4 )