1. Insights Into the Creative Process
Paul Schumann

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Paradigms
Whole Brain
Function
Creative Process
Adult Skill
Acquisition

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Paradigms
Whole Brain
Function
Creative Process
Adult Skill
Acquisition

4. Paradigm
Example
Pattern
Set of rules
Beliefs
Perceptions
Values
Standards
Procedures
Theories
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5. The Franklin Paradigm
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6. Paradigms
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Normal Progress
Anomalies
Crisis
Revolution

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A profound discovery which is essentially an
inconsistency in the system causes a reorganization
of the whole thing. And that reorganization is the
central act of imagination.
Jacob Bronowski

8. Normal Progress = Puzzle Solving
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9. Normal Progress
Behavior is consistent with the past
Shared paradigm
Solving a problem is achieving the anticipated in a new way
Individuals are driven by the challenge of the puzzle
Problems are assumed to have solutions
Highly cumulative enterprise
Formation of specialized groups and activities
Leads to rigidity & resistance to change
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10. Anomalies
Disagreements between observations and paradigm
Some solved by minor positive changes to paradigm
Others are set aside
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11. Crisis
Collection of anomalies
Discovery of a destructive anomaly
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12. Revolution
Begin to lose faith and consider alternatives
One paradigm is rejected only when another one is available
Judgment to reject old & accept new
Comparison with world
Comparison with each other
Defenders of old can always point to problems that new paradigm has not solved but is easy for the old
Decision to switch is ultimately based not on the past achievements but on future promise
History is rewritten
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13. S Curves
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Problem Solving Ability
Time

14. S Curves
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Paradigm 2
Paradigm 1
Problem Solving Ability
Time

15. Paradigm Paradox
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Anomaly exists only against
the background of the paradigm.

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Robust
Paradigm
Change
Resistance
Sensitivity
to Anomaly
Paradox

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Truth emerges more readily
from error than from confusion.
Francis Bacon

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Paradigms
Whole Brain
Function
Creative Process
Adult Skill
Acquisition

19. Whole Brain Function
L Mode
A shoot of the sporophyte of a higher plant that is modified for reproduction and consists of a structured axis bearing modified leaves.
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• R Mode