inspecting paved surfaces · t-87-pvd . runways and taxiways . drive both sides of taxiway c. l. 58...
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INSPECTING PAVED SURFACES
T-1-PVD
ICAO/FAA Airport Certification Inspectors Workshop
Caribbean Region St Maarten
June 11-15, 2012
PAVED SURFACES AND SAFETY AREAS
Paved surface
OBJECTIVES
To review the criteria for evaluating developing conditions and for inspecting
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PASER Pavement Surface Evaluation & Rating
System
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AC 150/5320-17 Appendix 2 It is a pavement rating system that is meant to be a source of information for rating pavement under the airport safety data program. The manuals will assist airport managers in understanding the surface condition of airfield pavements.
PASER PAVEMENT EVALUATION
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AC 150/5320-17 Appendix 2
Rate the condition that represents the majority of the pavement
Assess drainage conditions
PASER PAVEMENT EVALUATION
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Inspectors can use PASER criteria to continuously evaluate pavement conditions Objective of PASER is to rate the condition that represents the majority of the pavement
Small or isolated conditions should not influence the rating.
PASER PAVEMENT EVALUATION
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Rating criteria and inventory sheet contained in the PASER manual
NEW PAVEMENT CRITERIA
Adequate crown Skid resistant Structurally sound Grade variation less than 1/4 inch in 16 feet No foreign objects and debris (FOD) Pavement lips less than 1 1/2 inches
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CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS
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DEFECTS EXAMPLES Surface defects Polishing
Map cracking Pop-outs Scaling Spalling
Joints Cracks parallel to joints Joint deterioration
CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS
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DEFECTS EXAMPLES Cracks Slab cracks
D-cracks Corner cracks Meander cracks Manhole and inlet cracks
Distortion Settlement or heave Blowups Faulting Utility repairs, patches and potholes
SCALING
CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS
SURFACE DEFECTS
SPALLING
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SLAB CRACKS
CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS
CRACKS
D - CRACKS
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SLAB CRACKS
CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS CRACKS
D - CRACKS
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SETTLEMENT/ HEAVE
CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS DISTORTION
BLOWUP
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CORNER CRACKS
CONCRETE PAVEMENT DEFECTS CRACKS
MEANDER CRACKS
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ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS
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DEFECTS EXAMPLES Surface defects Raveling
Polishing Flushing
Surface deformation Rutting Distortion
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS
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DEFECTS EXAMPLES Cracks Thermal cracks
Reflection cracks Slippage cracks Joint/edge cracks Block cracks Alligator cracks
Patches and potholes
RAVELING
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS SURFACE DEFECTS
POLISHING
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FLUSHING
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS SURFACE DEFECTS
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RUTTING
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS SURFACE DEFORMATION
DISTORTION
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THERMAL CRACKS
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS CRACKS
REFLECTION CRACKS
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SLIPPAGE CRACKS
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS CRACKS
JOINT/EDGE CRACKS
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BLOCK CRACKS
ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEFECTS CRACKS
ALLIGATOR CRACKS
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Loss of directional control Reduced braking and/or hydroplaning
EFFECTS OF PAVEMENT FAILURE
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Damage from foreign objects and debris (FOD)
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Structural damage
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PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Certificate holder must maintain and promptly repair each runway, taxiway, loading ramp and parking area available for air carrier use
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PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Pavement edges must not exceed 3” between
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SECTION 139.305(a)(1)
Abutting pavement sections
Pavement and abutting areas
PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Holes over 5” across may not
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Exceed 3” depth
Slope 45° or more
EXAMPLE
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PAVEMENT NOT DESIGNED FOR THE WEIGHT OF THE AIRCRAFT
PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Pavement must be free of cracks and surface variations that could impair air carrier aircraft directional control
Any crack or surface deterioration that produces loose aggregate or other contaminants should be repaired immediately
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EXAMPLE 31
PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Remove promptly and as completely as possible all
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Mud
Dirt
Sand
Debris
Loose aggregate
Foreign objects
Rubber deposits
Other contaminants
Does not apply to snow, ice, deicing materials
FOD
RUBBER BUILDUP
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PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Contaminants and FOD can cause
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Aircraft fuselage and control surface damage from foreign objects
Lost of aircraft braking action due to surface slipperiness (poor skid resistance) (rubber build up)
PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Remove as soon as possible chemical solvents used to clean any movement area
Does not apply to snow, ice, deicing materials
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PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Chemical solvents that remain on the runway can cause
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Reduced braking action due to poor skid resistance
Potential aircraft corrosion
PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Pavement shall be sufficiently drained and free of depressions to prevent ponding that
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Obscures marking
Impairs safe aircraft operations
PAVED SURFACE INSPECTION CRITERIA
Ponding can result
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Reduced braking action
Aircraft gear damage
Hydroplanning
INSPECTION CRITERIA and TIPS
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RUNWAYS and Taxiways
The inspector must refer to all design and minimum standards when inspecting paved surfaces. An inspection is not just for failed conditions, it is also for potential hazards or conditions that could become potentially hazardous.
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RUNWAYS and TAXIWAYS
Drive runway CL and both edges 48 KM or less
LOOK FOR:
Surface condition and defects: PASER criteria FOD: Mud, dirt, foreign objects Rubber buildup Depressions ACM requirements Pavement design standards Standing water
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T-87-PVD
Runways and Taxiways
Drive both sides of taxiway CL
58 KM or less
LOOK FOR:
Pavement lips Shoulder and blast pad
Edge damming
Erosion
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T-87-PVD
TAXIWAYS AND APRONS
Drive both sides of taxiway CL
48 KM or less
LOOK FOR:
Surface conditions (PASER criteria) FOD: Mud, dirt and foreign objects
Pavement lips
Edge damming
Part 139 criteria
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T-87-PVD
Inspecting Paved Surfaces
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Questions?