IGT Institute of Gas Technology

The Institute of Gas Technology is an independent, not-for-profit organization established in 1941.Headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Des Plaines, Illinois, minutes from O’Hare International Airport,IGT’s primary functions include—

n Energy- and environment-related contract research,development, anddemonstration for industry

and government

n Educational programs and

services

n Information and technology

transfer services

n Technical and economic

evaluations of energy systems.

IGT’s extensive resources include an eminent multidisciplinary professional staff, one of the world’sleading gas technology libraries, unique process development reactors, fully equipped, modern laboratoriesto support advanced R&D, and extensive computer facilities.

More than 150 energy-related organizations are Members of IGT, and more than 40 others are Interna-tional Associates. They are natural gas, oil, and electric power companies; engineering and constructionfirms; equipment manufacturers; and large energy users. Through a recently established program, over adozen companies have converted to IGT Life Membership.

IGT helps the gas industry face the challenges of the new competitive environment through its spon-sored RD&D programs and the complementary Sustaining Membership Program (SMP). Important advancesare being made in gas operations, the development and commercial demonstration of advanced low-NOxburners, and vehicle-related research and development programs. The gas industry and the public also

benefit from IGT’s analytical and informationservcies, as well as its courses, conferences,and workshops that focus on changing in-dustry needs. IGT maintains an internationalpresence with projects and educational pro-grams in Venezuela, Indonesia, Abu Dhabi,and Malaysia.

IGT’s Research and Educationactivities are described on the followingpages.

Roger A. YoungChairman, Board of Trustees

Chairman & CEOBay State Gas Company

Bernard S. LeePresident

Institute of Gas Technology

If your company is not already an IGT Member or International Associate, discover the benefits of membership.Contact Doris Ahles: Phone: (847) 768-0503; Fax: (847) 768-0501; e-mail: ahles@igt.org

RRRRREEEEESSSSSEEEEEAAAAARRRRRCCCCCH AH AH AH AH ANNNNND DD DD DD DD DEVEEVEEVEEVEEVELLLLLOOOOOPPPPPMMMMMEEEEENTNTNTNTNT●●●●● BIOTECHNOLOGY

MISSION: To develop and deploy cost-effective environmentalmanagement technologies to help the gas and energyindustries manage their environmental liability with minimalrisk to humans and the environment.

MGP-REMSM Process: A Low-Cost Site Remediation andManagement Approach

Full-scale demonstration of IGT’s MGP-REM process in the landfarmingmode is successfully under way at a manufactured gas plant (MGP) site owned by MidAmerican Energycompany in Des Moines, Iowa. This is the first year of a four-year site remediation plan involving some10,000 tons of contaminated soils. Field-test results are very promising and show that the MGP-REM pro-cess is degrading the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons as predicted from bench-scale treatability test. GRIprovided strong support throughout. Barr Engineering Company, which is co-funding this project, is the com-

mercial partner working with IGT. The MGP-REM processis a faster, more efficient and reliable cleanup method thanmany conventional processes and is now ready for com-mercialization in the landfarming and soil slurry modes. IGThas signed preliminary agreements with several commer-cial companies and is finalizing plans to license the tech-nology and related expertise for commercial applications.

In-Situ Remediation of MGP SitesField experiments for in-situ application of the MGP-REM process are being finalized for implementa-

tion during 1997-98. A West Coast utility-owned MGP site is being evaluated for in-situ treatment usingvertical wells to treat saturated and unsaturated zones of contaminated soils. Another Midwest utility is par-ticipating in a project to evaluate a modified MGP-REM Process at a gas company site in Illinois. At anotherutility-owned site, field work has recently started with GRI and Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) co-funding.

IGT is also planning to conduct field experiments to evaluate the efficiency and injectivity of foams asmedia to carry chemicals and nutrients into subsurface zones. Made of a surfactant-water-ethanol mix en-trapped with microbubbles of select gas, foams can be used to mobilize and recover contaminants as well asto promote in-situ biodegradation.

Passive Remediation of MGP and Other Contaminated SitesSeveral passive (non-aggressive) remediation techniques are being developed to manage the environ-

mental risk at remote sites that are not of great concern to communities and/or where aggressive/activeremediation is not warranted. These techniques include phytoremediation (use of specific plants), electroki-netic remediation (use of electrically charged electrode to control contaminant migration), and risk-basedintrinsic remediation or natural attenuation. These tools and techniques have the potential to offer substantialsavings in remediation cost while being environmentally responsible.

➥➥➥➥➥Biotechnology continues

PCB Site RemediationSoils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were successfully treated by IGT research-

ers using the PCB-REM process, a multi-step technique to effectively degrade PCBs present in soils andsediments. Using an aboveground slurry treatment, the group achieved over 99% PCB degradation, with aresidual concentration of less than 10 ppm (as low as 2 ppm in one case). Field demonstration should start in1998. The PCB-REM process uses a proprietary chemical pretreatment to make PCBs more biodegradableso they can be attacked by naturally occurring soil microorganisms. IGT’s novel surfactant is very effective incleaning up PCB-contaminated pipes and other solid surfaces. WITCO Corporation is working with IGT tocommercially produce similar biodegradable surfactants.

Exploration and Production Waste RemediationWe have successfully evaluated a “field kit” to apply an integrated chemical/biological treatment for

degrading organic and inorganic wastes present at exploration and production sites. The initial chemicaltreatment phase makes the contaminants more degradable during the subsequent biological treatment with-out adversely affecting the microorganisms. Bench-scale tests achieved an organic waste degradation effi-ciency of over 90%, which is a substantial improvement over conventional bioremediation. Field tests arebeing planned for 1998-99.

Screening and Selection of Microorganisms for Use in Petroleum BiorefiningIGT is involved in developing a petroleum biorefining process using microorganisms that can selec-

tively cleave the carbon-nitrogen bonds found in petroleum. Our immediate goals are to develop the culturesand demonstrate the technical feasibility of using microbial catalysts to remove nitrogen and metals fromcrude oil at temperatures from 60°C to 100°C. Subsequent project phases will focus on strain improvementto produce cultures with sufficiently high specific activity to warrant an industrial process followed by scale-upand testing of a commercial process.

Underground Gas StorageFor new storage fields, particularly aquifers, base gas can account for as much as one-half the capac-

ity. In an ongoing project sponsored by GRI and IGT’s SMP, the technical feasibility and economic viability ofreplacing a portion of base gas—in this case nitrogen—is scheduled to be demonstrated in the Shirley gasstorage field in 1998. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has already approved the proposed fieldtest, in which natural gas will be withdrawn from the target area for one year, followed by nitrogen injectionand monitoring of the storage field performance for five years.

Management of Wastes From U.S. Government OperationsExcellent results from IGT-developed integrated methods to remediate sites contaminated with TNT

and radionuclides are expected to lead to external funding for field demonstrations at government-ownedsites. IGT will then transfer these technologies to commercial organizations for site remediation.

●●●●● COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY

MISSION: To develop and commercialize gas utiliza-tion technologies for efficient, cost-effective, and envi-ronmentally friendly energy production, thermal pro-cessing of materials, and waste treatment.

IGT’s combustion technology group continues to develop tech-nologies to help end users reduce emissions, raise productivity, andlower energy costs.

METHANE de-NOX® for utility boilersMETHANE de-NOX reburn technology combines natural gas

injection and flue-gas recycling to reduce NOx and CO emissions and increase thermal efficiency of stokerfired boilers. This year, we focused on deploying this technology in a full-scale coal-fired utility stoker boiler inRichmond, Virginia; the research team comprised IGT, Detroit Stoker Co., Babcock & Wilcox, and CogentrixEnergy, Inc. Following successful retrofit, the boiler achieved 60% NOx reduction with 8% natural gas injec-tion. It now operates continuously using METHANE de-NOX and is in compliance with state NOx regulationswithout urea injection. Conversion of the eight remaining boilers at the Cogentrix plant will add 3 billion cubicfeet per year of new gas load by the end of 1999. The METHANE de-NOX technology has been licensed toDetroit Stoker Co., which is working with IGT to expand its application to other solid fuels such as woodwastes, and to Takuma Company, which is marketing this technology in Japan for municipal solid wastecombustors. In 1997, METHANE de-NOX received an R&D Award for innovation from R&D Magazine.

Low-NOx Burner for Firetube and Watertube BoilersIGT and its manufacturing partner Detroit Stoker Co. continue to make significant strides toward the

development and commercialization of our patented forced internal recirculation burner. A 20 million Btu/hrprototype tested recently on a commercial boiler produced NOx levels below 9 ppmv over its entire range ofoperation. Commercial prototype designs being developed for field testing will cover a wide range of boiler

sizes. Two burners are currently being de-signed: one for retrofit to a 4 million Btu/hr fire-box boiler (with GRI, SMP, SoCal, and CNGfunds) and the second for retrofit to a 100 mil-lion Btu/hr watertube boiler (funded by DOE,GRI, and SMP). We expect the technology tobe available by the end of next year for theentire range of industrial firetube andwatertube boilers.

Low-NOx Glass MelterIGT’s oxygen-enriched air staging

(OEAS) technology is being successfully mar-keted by its licensees, Combustion Tec, Inc.,and Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., as anenergy-efficient NOx-control technology forboth endport and sideport container glassmelting furnaces. Several units have been soldand discussions are underway with severalglass companies for additional sales.

➥➥➥➥➥Combustion continues

Combustion Tec estimates that OEAS costs only one-fifth as much as comparable technology perpound of NOx reduction. The low cost and improved NOx control should make this technology viable as theprimary NOx-control strategy or as a hybrid technology well into the 21st century.

The OEAS technology has recently been demonstrated at Owens-Brockway Glass Containers Co., ona six-port pair sideport furnace producing 300 tons per day of amber glass, where it has been in continuousoperation since February. Subsequently, one sideport unit has been sold, and plans are being made todemonstrate this technology on the larger flat glass furnaces, which represent a significant gas market. Thisprogram has been funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), GRI, IGT’s Sustaining MembershipProgram (SMP), and Southern California Gas Co. (SoCalGas)

Submerged CombustionIn submerged combustion melting, fuel and an oxidant are fired directly into a melt bath. Combustion

gases bubble through the bath, providing high heat transfer and turbulence to promote mixing for uniformproduct composition. Raw material requires little or no grinding and is fed to the top of the bath, while meltedmaterial is drained from a tap near the bottom of the bath. With IGT IR&D and SMP funds, our group com-bined submerged combustion technology (licensed from its developer, the Gas Institute of the National Acad-emy of Sciences, Ukraine) with our own combustion know-how to develop technology for use in a number ofhigh-temperature industrial processes. We fabricated a 500-lb/hr pilot-scale melter that has been installed atIGT. Tests are being conducted to produce cement from cement kiln dust in a program sponsored by thecement industry. IGT is also pursuing agreements to apply the submerged combustion technology to theproduction of mineral wool and glass and the vitrification of wastes.

Oscillating CombustionIGT and partners Air Liquide America Corp. and CeramPhysics, Inc., are developing oscillating com-

bustion technology for the high-temperature materials processing industry. Oscillating combustion is theforced, out-of-phase oscillation of the fuel and/or oxidant supplied to a conventional burner to create succes-sive fuel-rich and fuel-lean zones within the combustion chamber. In its simplest form, oscillating combustioncan be accomplished by installing an oscillating valve package on the fuel supply line of an existing burner. Aconsortium of Columbia Gas Distribution Companies, Gas Technology Canada, and SoCalGas teamed withDOE, IGT’s SMP, and GRI to support IGT’s efforts to develop and field-evaluate this technology, whichpromises to increase production rates and reduce emissions.

Low Inertia FurnaceA consortium of U.S. and overseas gas companies, lead by Gaz de France, is supporting our combus-

tion group in the further development of an innovative indirect-fired technology. Licensed by IGT from itsdeveloper, the Gas Institute of the National Academy of Sciences, Ukraine, the unique design utilizes high-efficiency flat radiant panels to significantly improve the performance of heat-treating furnaces. A 1.2 millionBtu/hr full-scale prototype furnace has been installed at IGT and is being tested for comparison with conven-tional radiant tube furnaces in terms of production cycle times, product quality, and emissions.

●●●●● ELECTROCHEMICALTECHNOLOGY

Mission: To use electrochemistry and material science toaddress the needs of the gas industry in the fields of powergeneration and environmental restoration.

POWER GENERATIONThe use of clean-burning natural gas for electricity production is

expected to increase by more than 25% during the next decade. Deregu-lation, unbundling, retail wheeling, and other changes in the gas and electric industries favor modern genera-tion methods that are fuel-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally benign. The push for dispersed electricpower generation, close to the customer, also favors the use of natural gas. IGT has active programs inpromising technology areas that will provide the gas industry with access to the expanding power generationmarket.

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC)IGT’s Electrochemical Technology group is focusing its MCFC efforts on developing high-performance,

long-endurance cell components and improved, cost-effective fabrication methods that lend themselves tothe demands of commercial manufacture. In 1997, our work focused on materials cost reductions and meansof streamlining and simplifying cell and stack construction and assembly. Through the use of a single porousstructure that combines both current collection and gas distribution functions, we eliminated a number of cellcomponents such as expensive current collectors. This new construction removes the costly step of diemanufacture and the subsequent pressing of traditional corrugated separator plates. The combined total costreduction of these developments should give a major boost to MCFC commercialization.

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)Because of their simple, benign operating characteristics (ambient pressure and 150°F operating tem-

perature), PEMFCs have widespread applicability for dispersed power generation (5 to 200 kW) and forvehicular applications.

IGT’s extensive R&D experience in fuel cells is being put to use in developing industrial, commercial,and residential applications for PEMFCs. Originally an IR&D initiative, our work was given a significant boostthis year by a DOE contract award to develop, test, and manufacture a $10/kW separator plate. As a matterof comparison, traditional state-of-the-art processes for separator plate production cost $250/kW. Once wehave demonstrated the viability of our process, we are confident that PEMFCs can be sold for $800 to $1000/kW. Our initial development will focus on 50-kW power plants where significant markets exists for bothdispersed and vehicular applications. We are also forming a strategic alliance with a manufacturer to build ademonstration unit that will attract the sponsorship needed to begin a 3-year commercialization program.

FUEL PROCESSOR DEVELOPMENT

PEMFCs require a hydrogen feed gas containing low concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO). Duringthe past year we surveyed the work underway by a number of developers and had detailed discussions withthree companies. As a result, we have decided that using IGT’s early work, where low (<20 ppm) CO contentreformates were obtained, provides us with the best near-term approach to develop a fuel processor forintegration with our PEMFC program. We are seeking sponsor funding and are working on our independentresearch and development (IR&D) program.

➥➥➥➥➥Electrochemical Technology continues

Environmental RestorationLysimeters are porous tubes that are pushed into the ground with hydraulic rams to retrieve under-

ground water samples. Field testing of IGT-made lysimeters continues. Some have been in the groundcontinuously collecting water samples for months.

IGT is also designing porous filter materials for micro- and ultrafiltra-tion applications. Microfilters are capable of filtering down to 0.1 micronparticles such as paint pigments and tobacco smoke, whereas ultrafiltersseparate down to 0.005 micron (5 nm) particles, such as carbon black,colloidal silica and viruses.

NanopowdersIGT’s nanopowder processes offer flexibility in tailoring composition,

particle size, and particle dispersion. In addition to filter application, IGTprocesses can be applied to a wide range of materials design. Recently,powders for catalysis and dense electroceramics have been prepared forevaluation by potential commercial interests.

●●●●● ENERGY SYSTEMS AND BUSINESS ANALYSIS

Mission: To provide research, development,and commercialization services in the areasof alternative-fueled vehicles, space condi-tioning technologies, and business analy-sis and technology deployment.

ALTERNATIVE-FUELED VEHICLES

IGT is playing an important role in the growth ofthe natural gas vehicle (NGV) industry, providing con-sulting and testing services to vehicle and original equip-ment manufacturers, fleet operators, and fuel providers.

Fuel StorageFor a GRI study, we assessed the commercial fea-

sibility of existing and emerging fuel storage options forNGVs and identified substantial opportunities for costreductions in cylinders. Subsequently, IGT and LucasAerospace were awarded a DOE-GRI contract to develop an advanced ANSI NGV-Type 2 cylinder thatpromises to cut both the cost and weight of cylinders relative to comparable technologies now on the market.

IGT is also assisting Norris Cylinder Co. in developing a new ANSI NGV-Type 1 cylinder that will beless expensive and lighter than existing designs. And in the area of NGV cylinder durability, we are working,under contract to GRI, with the codes and standards bodies and the USCAR consortium to validate proposedNGV2-97 design qualification tests on a variety of cylinder types.

Concerned with LNG’s stability as a vehicle fuel, IGT initiated, under GRI and Sustaining MembershipProgram sponsorship, a dynamic analysis of the weathering process in LNG ground and vehicle storagetanks. This led to the development of a computer program to identify the tank parameter and usage patternsthat lower the quality of LNG remaining in the tank over time.

➥➥➥➥➥Energy Systems continues

Fuel System Design and ConsultingWorking with Impco Technologies, our group assisted GM in designing and testing components for its

light-duty bi-fueled pickup truck. In IGT’s unique testing laboratories, we evaluated the performance anddurability of components under various fuel compositions and service environments.

In similar efforts, we tested vehicle components for Ford’s broad line of alternative fuel vehicles. Ourgroup is also working with Freightliner Custom Chassis, under contract with the GRI, to design the onboardfuel system and demonstrate the performance of a 2-ton step-van for the U.S. Postal Service. For ElginSweeper, IGT engineers installed, on the assembly line, the fuel system for two new CNG street sweepers.

In a new GRI project, we are designing a device for delivering controlled amounts of lubricating oil toNGVs fueled by LNG. The absence of oil in LNG has caused premature failure of critical NGV components.This research promises to enhance the market for LNG as a vehicle fuel.

As part of an extensive program in the use of biodiesel fuels produced from renewable sources such asvegetable oils, we will determine heavy-duty engine emission characteristics and demonstrate the perfor-mance of various biodiesels in a Chicago bus fleet.

SafetyUsing a handheld computer incorporating a comprehensive questionnaire based on applicable codes

and standards, IGT auditors can conduct a field inspection of a single vehicle, fleets of vehicles, and CNGstations and provide the owner/operator with reports ranging from an inventory of components and theircondition to a list of specific action items. Already in use by LDCs and U.S. agencies, IGT’s audit service hashelped ensure the continued safety of NGVs and fueling stations.

Fueling InfrastructureUnder GRI sponsorship, IGT has developed, tested, and patented a new NGV fueling station dispenser

control system that makes sure the vehicle gas storage cylinder is filled completely. GRI licensed the IGTtechnology to three dispenser manufacturers, and we are monitoring their field trial installations and review-ing the results of test vehicle fills.

During the past year, IGT also commercialized BidSpec, a software-based tool that facilitates the speci-fication and procurement of NGV fueling stations. With BidSpec, users can save considerable time andmoney by shortening the bid process and ensuring comprehensive coverage of issues.

SPACE CONDITIONING RESEARCH

Our Space Conditioning staff supports and promotes the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC)market. Specializing in gas-fired cooling and heating equipment markets, the group supports equipmentmanufacturers and the gas industry in the development of competitive products and components.

Under GRI and Sustaining Membership Program sponsorship, we developed a practical approach todesigning desiccant systems. Our DES3 computer model provides system engineers with a design tool foreasy selection of the best desiccant material for a particular application. Another IGT software product, theDesiccant Applications Screening Tool, provides marketing staff with direct comparison of the energy useand operating costs of a natural gas fired desiccant systems vs. standard electric air conditioning at differentgeographical locations and for various applications.

An alternative for advanced absorption systems conceived at IGT involves a new process of sprayabsorption in which the mass and heat transfer processes are separated and enhanced. Proven potentiallyviable for standard solutions, this concept attracted the interest of the Trane Co., which directed IGT’s effortsfor the next phase of the program toward high-viscosity solutions used in triple-effect machines.

➥➥➥➥➥Energy Systems continues

BUSINESS ANALYSIS AND TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION

To identify emerging needs for decision-support tools in non-engineering business functions, IGT con-ducted qualitative market research for GRI in four areas: marketing, business planning, gas operations, andsupply planning and procurement. After identifying more than 50 gas industry experts in these areas, IGTdetailed emerging trends and formulated recommendations for future gas industry applications of PC soft-ware, training, guidelines, databases, and best practices activities.

For the U.S. Army, IGT provided performance criteria for evaluating and selecting advanced naturalgas utilization technologies for implementation at military installations. In a GRI project related to conversionof electric heat-treating furnaces to natural gas, we developed and implemented a technology deploymentstrategy that has increased awareness of the benefits of gas to hundreds of heat-treating shops.

The Energy Systems and Analysis Group is also involved in supporting the gas industry through thedevelopment of Internet Web sites promoting natural gas technology. PipeWeb (www.esde.igt.org/pipeweb),a comprehensive course in coiled polyethylene pipe, assists LDCs in applying a technology that could savethe industry $20-40 million annually. IGT also assisted GRI in defining GRI/Net structure and compositionand in marketing and distributing information on developed technology.

Recognizing the need for recording information when surveying for leaks, IGT developed LeakView, anexpert system that organizes and standardizes the collection of data at a utility’s leak site.

●●●●● GAS OPERATIONSTECHNOLOGY

Mission: To be the supplier of choice for our cus-tomers in providing high quality, timely, and costeffective research, testing, and commercial deploy-ment support services in the areas of natural gastransmission and distribution operations.

IGT’s Gas Operations Technology staff helps the gasindustry face the challenges of deregulation, downsizing, andincreased competition by assisting organizations in selecting, developing, and applying technologies thatmeet business needs in a rapidly changing industry.

Electronics and TelecommunicationsAdvances in computers, microprocessing, and telecommunication networks offer utilities opportunities

to reduce operating costs and improve safety in several areas of gas operations. With funding from BrooklynUnion, IGT is developing a wireless system for reading the cathodic protection currents and voltages taken ina typical cathodic protection survey using a buried, low-cost radio frequency transponder, reference elec-trode, and sacrificial anode. Development of a wireless, buried monitor that can be activated during a walk-byor drive-over using a portable electronics package should significantly improve productivity and reduce thecost of cathodic protection monitoring.

In a GRI-sponsored program, we are developing an automatic pressure-control system for districtregulators in low- and medium-pressure gas distribution networks. Automated pressure control can signifi-cantly lower the average operating pressure of a gas distribution system, thereby reducing leakage andimproving metering accuracy. The utility benefits from this technology by eliminating costly visits to remoteregulators, lowering unaccounted-for gas volumes, reducing hazard and gas loss in third-party damagesituations, and providing extra flexibility in accepting gas from multiple suppliers.

➥➥➥➥➥Gas Operations continues

IGT’s Sustaining Membership Program is funding the development and commercialization of a cross-correlation sonic leak pinpointer for use by utility field personnel to reduce the number of excavations requiredto repair a leak. This portable, PC-based instrument combines Russian acoustic technology with Westernmicroprocessor laptop computers.

Pipe RehabilitationCured-in-place (CIP) liners are a family of trenchless pipe rehabilitation methods that can seal existing

pipe leaks, prevent future leakage due to corrosion, joint failure or third-party damage, and add structuralstrength to aging gas mains and services. The use of CIP liners can substantially reduce the cost of open-cutpipe rehabilitation while improving the safety of those operations. With GRI funding, we are evaluating thepotential for manufacturing a cost-competitive, single-component CIP liner system in the U.S. and assessingthe potential size of the market for a technically and commercially viable CIP liner system.

In related research, our group is identifying and testing gas service connection fittings for CIP lined gaspipe to prevent the tracking of gas between the liner and the host pipe. The commercial availability of a viableservice connection fitting will increase the application and use of CIP liners in gas distribution pipe with manyservices.

Pipeline Corrosion ProtectionWith SMP funding, IGT is developing an improved field-applied corrosion protection coating system

and application method for pipeline girth welds, repair sites, and irregular fittings. Our laboratory demonstra-tions indicate that a new two-component flame coat/liquid epoxy system provides comparable protection tothat of fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE). To date, IGT has formulated a proprietary liquid epoxy and has devel-oped a practical method to apply the epoxy and overcoat it with a protective flame sprayed plastic (polyeth-ylene) outer layer. The benefits of this system include significant pipeline life-cycle cost savings, ease ofapplication comparable to tapes, and performance similar to factory-applied FBE coatings.

●●●●● GAS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

Mission: To extend the gas resource base throughimproved, cost-effective processing of natural gasfrom conventional and tight formations and todevelop advanced processes to improve theeconomics of upgrading subquality gases topipeline quality.

High-efficiency Acid Gas Removal SystemThis successful project, cofunded by GRI, the U.S. De-

partment of Energy, and IGT’s Sustaining Membership Pro-gram with industrial partners Huntsman Specialty ChemicalCompany and Koch Engineering Company, Inc., combines anew physical solvent N-formyl morpholine (NFM) with struc-tured packing for treatment of subquality natural gas. Use ofthis solvent offers lower energy consumption, higher CO2/H2Sgas loading, selective absorption of CO2/H2S, and lower lossof valuable C1-C6 hydrocarbons as compared with other com-mercial physical solvents. After completion of laboratory andbench-scale studies at IGT, we performed field tests at Shell’s

➥➥➥➥➥Gas Processing continues

Fandango gas treating plant in south Texas. These field experiments were conducted at 1000-psig wellheadconditions using a slip stream from the plant containing sour gas concentrations up to 43 mole percent CO2.The data, when used in a sophisticated process simulation, predict a minimum of 40% operating cost savingsfor the conditions tested.

IGT and Krupp Uhde GmbH recently concluded a Cooperative Technology Development and Com-mercialization Agreement (CTDCA) to jointly develop the IGT/KU process using NFM solvent for gas treatingapplications. Under this agreement, Krupp Uhde will have world-wide rights to offer NFM technology toprospective users.

Development of High Temperature Regenerable SorbentsCoal gas desulfurization to sufficiently low levels at elevated temperatures (>350°) is crucial to the

efficient, economical integration of coal gasification into advanced power generation processes. However,the implementation of hot coal gas desulfurization relies heavily on the development of regenerable sorbentmaterials that can efficiently remove H2S (from several thousand ppmv levels down to a few ppmv) overmany cycles of sulfidation and regeneration.

In several concurrent projects sponsored by Department of Energy’s Fossil Energy Technology Cen-ter, General Electric Corporate Research and Development, and Illinois Clean Coal Institute, IGT is continu-ing the development of regenerable copper-based sorbents for high-temperature (350°-550°C) fuel gasdesulfurization in integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) power generation processes. Our new sor-bent formulations have much higher reactivities, offer higher desulfurization efficiency, and do not suffer frommetal vaporization at high temperatures as compared to the leading zinc-based sorbents.

Chemical Research ServicesFor over 40 years the Chemical Research Services Department (CRS) has provided IGT, its member

companies, and energy-related industries, with a depth of customized analytical and chemical services un-available in commercial laboratories. The CRS state-of-the-art analytical laboratories provide comprehen-sive analytical chemistry and materials characterization services on a wide spectrum of samples. Thedepartment is actively engaged in the development of new analytical methods for in-house or on-site applica-tions to meet the growing needs of the energy industry.

Natural Gas Quality Program. The gas-quality and energy measurement program encompassesmonitoring tests of odor and odorant level and characterization and measurement of major, minor, and traceconstituents in natural gas. The CRS department has developed methods to analyze gas streams with vary-ing compositions, including wellhead and pipeline quality gases, LNG, CNG, propane-air blends, and landfillgas.

Field Sampling and Monitoring. Our field sampling and monitoring team is fully equipped for on-sitegas sampling and monitoring for environmental requirements, process information feedback, leak detection,etc. Their experience includes projects at onshore and offshore gas production facilities, gas processingsites, gas transmission stations, storage fields, and city gates.

Gas Quality Technical Information Center. The GQTIC is a “one-call” technical information centerthat offers free services to our members, providing information on natural gas variability and properties andnatural gas measurement technology.

Certified Natural Gas Standards. CRS continues to provide the gas industry with certified natural gasstandards for accurate energy and flow measurement. These standard gases include regular HV/RD blendsand multi-component natural gas blends for gas chromatograph calibration. Recent advances include cus-tom-blended calibration gases for hydrocarbons, BTEX, oxygen, moisture, H2S, and sulfur-containing odor-ant compounds.

●●●●● PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING

Mission: To develop fossil and renewable gasification technologies and to developwaste treatment technologies that will contribute to global environmental health andpromote the use of natural gas.

U-GASSM in ChinaThe world’s first commercial plant using IGT’s U-

GAS clean coal gasification process continues opera-tion in the People’s Republic of China, in the ShanghaiPacific Chemical (Group) Corporation’s Shanghai Cokeand Chemical Corporation (SC) coke and coal-basedchemical production complex in the Wujin ChemicalIndustry Area, southwest of Shanghai. In the plant, eachof eight parallel low-pressure, air-blown U-GAS trainsproduces 18 million standard cubic feet per day of low-Btu fuel gas, which is used to fire SC’s coke ovens toproduce metallurgical coke and town gas. SC and IGTare also investigating the application of the U-GAS pro-cess to produce electricity through combined-cyclepower generation and to produce synthesis gas forchemicals production.

RENUGAS®

IGT’s RENUGAS biomass gasification technology for generating electric power moved a step closertoward commercial demonstration in the Minnesota Agri-Power Project (MAPP), the largest biomass-to-power project in the world. The MAPP project will convert over 1000 tons per day of alfalfa stems to generate75 MW of electricity. At the same time Northern States Power announced its selection of Minnesota ValleyAlfalfa Producers (MnVAP) to provide 75 MW from a “farm-grown, closed looped biomass” generation sourceto the NSP system by the year 2000. Phase I of the project, where alfalfa was tested at the RENUGAS plantin Finland to develop the design data for the plant in Minnesota, was successfully completed. Power Pur-chase Agreement negotiation with NSP is underway.

IGT’s RENUGAS facility in the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Company’s Paia sugar factory in Mauihas successfully produced fuel gas from bagasse at pressures of 20 atm, using air or oxygen as the oxidant.The project team completed Phase I of this four-phase project to investigate fuel gas production, combined-cycle power generation, methanol synthesis, and electricity by fuel cells. During the past year, WestinghouseElectric Corp., in cooperation with the Phase I team members, began Phase II, in which the hot gas cleanupsystem needed for gas turbine operation will be installed and the demonstration facility upgraded to permitlong-duration tests. System startup and commissioning tests are underway.

Hydrogen EnergyIn related work, IGT has begun a project under the DOE hydrogen energy program in a team that

includes M-C Power, Praxair, Westinghouse, Hydro-Chem, and the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute. Thisprefeasibility study will lay the groundwork for the integration of RENUGAS biomass gasification with M-CPower’s molten carbonate fuel cells for distributed power generation through the use of syngas-derivedhydrogen. The Phase I study began in July 1997 and will apply our gasification technology and processintegration know-how to the field of hydrogen energy, which is expected to grow in importance in the nextcentury.

➥➥➥➥➥Process Development continues

Waste GasificationWorking with an industrial sponsor, we are developing a waste-to-energy facility using automobile

shredder waste (auto fluff) as its primary feedstock, plus natural gas as required. IGT’s Reductive TreatmentTechnology (RTT), a thermal conversion and remediation process that provides an alternative to incinerationand landfilling, is used in this project. Bench-scale testing of RTT confirmed the production of good-qualityfuel gas with the added benefit of agglomerated ash residues, with 97% carbon conversion and a volumereduction of over 90%. Initial pilot-scale testing confirmed these results. Upon completion of pilot-scale test-ing, the industrial sponsor will begin the design and construction of a commercial-scale system to treat autofluff nationwide.

Waste MinimizationIGT is testing a novel high shear rotary membrane filtration system under subcontract to SpinTek

Membrane Systems, Inc., for DOE. The rotary ultrafiltration system removes radionuclides and concentratesthem from aqueous streams. The innovative compact rotary crossflow system is designed for up to 10,000:1volume reduction. IGT is conducting parametric tests using a surrogate to determine effects of pressure, diskrotational speed, flow rate, concentration, and temperature. A planned series of scaleup tests with single-and 10-disk production units will confirm comparable permeate flux and filtration efficiency.

EEEEEDDDDDUUUUUCCCCCAAAAATITITITITIOOOOONNNNNAs the gas industry unbundles, emphasis is being placed on reducing operating costs and increasing

competitive activities such as marketing and customer service. In response to this change, we developednew marketing programs that emphasize expanding markets and fulfilling customer expectations. Severalone- and two-day workshops addressing a variety of topical issues have been organized as part of an out-reach program.

Courses, Workshops, and Conferences/SymposiaDistribution. IGT’s Education division offers a variety of short courses to update the skills of technical

staff, supervisors, and managers in gas distribution companies. At the core of the technical program are theGas Distribution Engineering and Gas Distribution Operations courses. Each provides from five to ten daysof intensive training, and both courses are designed for engineers, technicians, and managers with limitedengineering experience. We also recommend these courses for new engineers who need a bridge betweentheir formal schooling and gas industry practice. In addition to these broad-based core programs, IGT pro-vides a variety of shorter three- and four-day courses with a narrower focus. They include Regulator StationDesign, Polyethylene Piping Systems, LNG Peakshaving, and Fundamentals of Odorization.

Marketing. IGT offers two well-established certification pro-grams, Chartered Industrial Gas Consultant (CIGC) and Regis-tered Commercial Gas Consultant (RCGC) that respectivelyprovide expert instruction in advanced techniques for marketingto the industrial and the commercial gas customer. Attendanceat RCGC classes achieved record-breaking levels during the pastyear. We also present two marketing short courses addressingmore specific markets. The Advanced Gas Cooling and Refrig-eration Workshop was developed by representatives of the gasindustry, equipment manufacturers, the American Gas CoolingCenter, and IGT faculty to help marketing representatives an-

swer customers’ inquiries about gas cooling systems. The Advanced Gas Engine Drive Applications Work-shop was organized by the Industrial Center, formerly the IGTCC, and was presented for the first time at IGTthis past spring. We will continue to offer this course in the future in cooperation with the Industrial Center.IGT also offers two 4-day programs focused on Residential Natural Gas Sales and Selling Energy in aDeregulated Environment, respectively.

Onsite Workshops. In response to Members’ requests, the Education Division developed a number ofonsite workshops: Introduction to the Natural Gas Industry, The 12 C’s of Selling Natural Gas, Energy Com-modity Futures and Options, Crisis Management, Pipeline Risk Management, Accident Investigation in theGas Industry, and Gas Industry Information Resources. These one- to two-day programs are designed to bepresented, under contract, at Member facilities or nearby sites to maximize attendance and minimize travelcosts for participants.Conferences and Symposia.

Conferences and Symposia. Attendance continued to be strong at IGT’s four premier technical sym-posia. “Natural Gas and LP Odorization,” “Gas Quality and Energy Measurement,” “Environmental Manage-ment in the Gas Industry,” and “Gas, Oil, and Environmental Biotechnology” enjoyed near record-breakingattendance. Business forums addressing “Enhancing Corporate Performance,” “Natural Gas and ElectricTrading Risk,” “Natural Gas and Electric Power Generation,” and “Energy Marketing” were also well at-tended. The highlight of the year, however, was “Emergency Response Planning and Critical InfrastructureProtection,” held in Washington, D.C., in June. This conference was addressed by members of the President’sCommission on Critical Infrastructure Protection and resulted in a continuing dialogue between IGT profes-sionals and the Commission. IGT continues to offer programs examining this increasingly important topic.

➥➥➥➥➥Education continues

Our overseas activities, particularly in Latin America, continue to flourish. “Natural Gas in the AmericasIV: Igniting the Flame,” a conference held in Barbados in July 1997, provided a unique opportunity for decision-makers from North, Central, and South America to meet and discuss their mutual interests.

International Programs and Consulting ServicesIGT’s International Services Group conducted several projects during the past year. Training programs

included a one-week course in the design and operation of pressure control and metering stations for CorpovenS.A.. in Caracas, Venezuela, and a three-day gas industry review for Osaka Gas at IGT.

Our staff participated with Stone and Webster Consultants in the completion of the project to determinethe feasibility of a natural gas distribution system for Abu Dhabi, U.A.E., and an estimate of the cost associ-ated with the conversion from manufactured to natural gas for SASOL, South Africa.

The three-year program for professional and institutional development of a gas research and trainingcenter for LEMIGAS in Indonesia, scheduled for completion in August 1996, was extended through January1997; and we executed a new contract providing for continuation of the institutional development programthrough February 1998.

Several projects conducted for PETRONAS, Malaysia, included a study to assess the need for theestablishment of an Institute of Technology-PETRONAS, an assessment of the reliability of gas turbines forelectric power generation, and a review of the cost of gas for DRI steel mills throughout the world.

In July 1997, we began a new project for Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A., involving the design of theregulatory framework needed to provide for private investment in Venezuela’s natural gas industry.

LNG ResourcesIn 1997 IGT, together with Zeus Development Corp of Houston, published The World LNG Source

Book: An Encyclopaedia of the World’s LNG Infrastructure. This 1000-page compendium contains overviewarticles and statistical profiles of 470 existing and planned LNG facilities, including base load liquefactionplants, receiving terminals, peakshaving facilities, satellite storage plants, LNG tankers, shipyards, indepen-dent plants, and LNG fueling stations.

In January 1998 IGT held its third Executive Briefing, “The ABCs of LNG: Planning and Implementing aBase Load LNG Project,” in Singapore. IGT’s newsletter The LNG Observer moved from quarterly to bi-monthly publication in 1997.

Technical Information ServicesIGT continues to expand its efforts to meet the information needs

of the gas industry through Internet-based services. We now offer anonline version of Gas Abstracts®, IGT’s monthy compilation of abstractsof U.S. and world gas industry journals, conference proceedings, andbooks. Gas Abstracts Online is available through the IGT Web site. Allmaterial published monthly in Gas Abstracts is added to gasLine®—IGT’sinteractive, online database of over 108,000 records covering the world’sgas industry literature from 1938 to the present.

To provide time- and cost-saving options to its subscribers, gasLineis also available as five individual, topic-specific databases, including anextensive LNG database.

The IGT Library, one of the world’s largest collections of gas industry-related literature and information,recently expanded its collection of technical information, both current and historical, through the generouscontribution of materials by Peoples Gas Light and Coke Co. in Chicago. Peoples recently closed its corpo-rate library and gave us some of its valuable collection of 19th century literature on gas lighting and early 20thcentury gas company histories. This acquisition also expands our collection of A.G.A. materials and currentgas supply and transportation literature.

IIIIIGGGGGT MT MT MT MT MEEEEEMMMMMBBBBBEEEEERRRRRSSSSSHHHHHIIIIIP P P P P (As of March 11, 1998)

Basic MembersAir Liquide America Corporation

Air Products & Chemicals, Inc.,

Cryogenic System Division!

✪Alabama Gas Corporation

American Meter Company

Amoco Corporation

✪Atlanta Gas Light Company

Atmos Energy Corporation

Badger Instromet Inc.

Baltimore Gas and Electric Company

✪Bay State Gas Company

The Berkshire Gas Company

Black & Veatch

Boston Gas Company

Brooklyn Union

Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp.

Central Illinois Light Company

Central Illinois Public Service Company

Chesapeake Utilities Corporation

Chicago Bridge & Iron Company

Cinergy Corp.

Citizens Gas & Coke Utility

Columbia Gas System, Inc

Columbia Gas Development Corp.

Columbia Gas Distribution Companies

Columbia Energy Services Corp.

Columbia Gas Transmission Co.

Columbia Gulf Transmission Co.

Columbia LNG Corp.

Columbia Natural Resources, Inc.

TriStar Ventures Corp.

Commonwealth Gas Company

✪Connecticut Natural Gas Corporation

Consolidated Edison Co. of NY, Inc.

Consolidated Natural Gas Service Co.

CNG Energy Services Corporation

CNG International Corporation

CNG Power Company

CNG Producing Company

CNG Transmission Corporation

The East Ohio Gas Company

Hope Gas, Inc.

The Peoples Natural Gas Company

Virginia Natural Gas Company

West Ohio Gas Company

✪The Consumers’ Gas Company Ltd.

Consumers Energy

Delmarva Power & Light Company

Distrigas of Massachusetts Corporation

Dresser Engineering Company

Dresser Manufacturing Div., Dresser

Industries, Inc.

✪Elizabethtown Gas Company

El Paso Energy

East Tennessee Natural Gas Co.

Midwestern Gas Transmission Co.

Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company

EnergyNorth, Inc.

Enron Corporation

Florida Gas Transmission Company

Transwestern Pipeline

Northern Natural Gas Company

Equimeter, Inc.

Equitable Resources, Inc.

Essex County Gas Company

Exxon Production Research Company

Fall River Gas Company

Gaz Metropolitain, Inc.

The Heath Companies

Indiana Gas Company, Inc.

Interstate Power Company

K N Energy, Inc.

Koch Gateway Pipeline Company

✪Laclede Gas Company

Lone Star Gas Company (a division of

ENSERCH Corporation)

✪Metropolitan Utilities District

Michigan Consolidated Gas Company

MidAmerican Energy Company

MidCon Corporation

Natural Gas Pipeline Co. of America

MidCon Texas Pipeline Corporation

✪ Middle Tennessee Natural Gas Utility

District

Minnegasco, a NorAm Energy Company

Municipal Gas Authority of Georgia

✪National Fuel Gas Distribution Corp.

Natural Gas Odorizing, Inc.

New Jersey Natural Gas Company

New York State Electric and Gas Co.

Northern Illinois Gas Company

Northern Indiana Public Service Co.

Northern States Power Company

Northwestern Public Service

NW Natural

ONEOK Inc.

Ontario Ministry of Environment & Energy

Orange and Rockland Utilities, Inc.

Pacific Gas & Electric Company

PanEnergy Corp.

Algonquin Gas Transmission

Company

Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line

Company

Texas Eastern Corporation

Trunkline Gas Company

✪ Peerless Manufacturing Company

Penn Fuel System, Inc.

The Peoples Gas Light and Coke Co.

North Shore Gas Company

Peoples Gas System, Inc.

Piedmont Natural Gas Company, Inc.

PRC Environmental Management, Inc.

The Pritchard Corporation

Providence Gas Company

Public Service Company of Colorado

Public Service Company of N. C., Inc.

Public Service Electric & Gas Company

✪Questar Corporation

Roanoke Gas Company

Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation

San Diego Gas & Electric Company

Schlumberger Industries, Gas Division

SEMCO Energy

✪Southern California Gas Company

The Southern Connecticut Gas Company

✪Southern Cross Corporation

Southern Indiana Gas & Electric Co.

Southern Natural Gas Company

Southwest Gas Corporation

Stone & Webster, Inc.

Stoner Associates, Inc.

Takuma Co., Inc.

T. D. Williamson, Inc.

TransCanada PipeLines Ltd.

UGI Utilities, Inc., Gas Division

Union Gas Ltd.

United Cities Gas Company

Valley Gas Company

Vermont Gas Systems, Inc.

Washington Gas Light Company

Washington Natural Gas Company

The Williams Companies, Inc.

Kern River Gas Transmission

Company

Northwest Pipeline Corporation

Texas Gas Transmission Corporation

Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp.

Williams Natural Gas Company

Williston Basin Interstate Pipeline Co.

(subsidiary of MDU Resources

Group, Inc.)

Wisconsin Fuel and Light Company

Wisconsin Gas Company

Yankee Gas Services Company

Yukon Pacific Corporation

ContributorsIntermountain Gas Company

South Jersey Gas Company

Wisconsin Public Service Corporation

✪ Life Member

International AssociatesThe Australian Gas Light Company

(Australia)

BG plc (United Kingdom)

Boral Energy Limited (Australia)

Centre International d’Information sur le

Gaz Naturel et tous Hydrocarbures

gazeux (CEDIGAZ) (France)

Chinese Petroleum Corporation

Chiyoda Corporation (Japan)

Compagnie Francaise d’Etudes et de

Construction (TECHNIP) (France)

Daelim Engineering Co., Ltd. (Korea)

Empresa Nacional del Petroleo (Chile)

Energigasinstitutet VID LTH (Sweden)

Eniricerche S.p.A. (Italy)

Gas and Fuel (Australia)

Gas Authority of India Ltd.

Gas Natural SDG, S.A. (Spain)

GASTEC (Netherlands)

Gasum Oy (Finland)

Gaz de France (France)

Hong Kong and China Gas Co., Ltd.

(Hong Kong)

INTEVEP, S.A. (Venezuela)

Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries

Co., Ltd. (Japan)

JGC Corporation (Japan)

Korea Gas Corporation (Republic of

Korea)

Krupp Uhde GmbH (Germany)

Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha, Ltd. (Japan)

N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie (Netherlands)

National Gas Company of Trinidad &

Tobago Ltd. (Trinidad & Tobago)

National Petroleum Corp. (Barbados)

Natural Gas Corporation (New Zealand)

Nigeria LNG Limited (Nigeria)

Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (Japan)

PERTAMINA (Indonesia)

Rinnai Corporation (Japan)

Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft (Germany)

Samchully Co., Ltd. (Korea)

Sasol Gas (Republic of South Africa)

Shell International Gas Ltd. (United

Kingdom)

Technical Research Centre of Finland

(Finland)

Thyssengas GmbH (Germany)

Toho Gas Company, Ltd. (Japan)

Tokyo Gas Company, Ltd. (Japan)

VICO Indonesia (Indonesia)

Sustaining MembersAlabama Gas Corporation

Algonquin Gas Transmission Company

American Meter Company

Atlanta Gas Light Company

Bay State Gas Company

The Berkshire Gas Company

Boston Gas Company

Brooklyn Union

Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp.

Colonial Gas Company

Columbia Gas System Service Corp.

Connecticut Natural Gas Corporation

Consolidated Edison Co. of N.Y., Inc.

Consolidated Natural Gas Service Co.

Delmarva Power & Light Company

Distrigas of Massachusetts Corporation

Elizabethtown Gas Company

EnergyNorth, Inc.

Enron Corporation

Equitable Resources, Inc.

Gas Authority of India Ltd.

Gaz de France

Gaz Metropolitain, Inc.

Indiana Gas Company, Inc.

Korea Gas Corporation

Krupp Uhde GmbH

Laclede Gas Company

Lone Star Gas Company

Michigan Consolidated Gas Company

MidAmerican Energy Company

MidCon Corporation

Middle Tennessee Natural Gas Utility

District

Minnegasco, Inc.

Mountain Fuel Supply Company

National Fuel Gas Distribution Corp.

New Jersey Natural Gas Company

North Central Public Service Company

Northern Illinois Gas Company

Northern Indiana Public Service Co.

Northwestern Public Service

Oklahoma Natural Gas Company

Osaka Gas Co., Ltd.

Pacific Gas & Electric Company

Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Company

The Peoples Gas Light and Coke Co.

Philadelphia Gas Works

Piedmont Natural Gas Company, Inc.

Providence Gas Company

Public Service Electric & Gas Company

San Diego Gas & Electric Company

Southern California Gas Company

Southern Connecticut Gas Company

Southern Indiana Gas & Electric Co.

Southern Natural Gas Company

Southwest Gas Corporation

Tenneco Gas

Texas Gas Transmission Corporation

Toho Gas Co., Ltd.

Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd.

Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp.

United Cities Gas Company

United Energy Resources, Inc.

Washington Gas Light Company

Williston Basin Interstate

Pipeline Company and Montana-

Dakota Utilities Company

Wisconsin Gas Company

Wisconsin Electric Power Company

Yankee Gas Services Company

Learn more about IGT’sResearch and Education

programs, or how you canbecome a Member,

International Associate, orSustaining Member:

ResearchStanley S. Borys

Senior Vice President, ResearchTel: (847) 768-0522

e-mail: borys@igt.org

EducationMichael Dugan

Asst. Vice President, EducationTel: (847) 768-0565

e-mail: mdugan@igt.org

Sustaining Membership ProgramRichard BiljetinaVice President

Gas Industry ProgramsTel: (847) 768-0507e-mail: biljet@igt.org

MembershipDoris Ahles

Assistant to the PresidentTel: (847) 768-0503

e-mail: ahles@igt.org

✧ ✧ ✧ ✧ ✧✧ ✧ ✧ ✧ ✧✧ ✧ ✧ ✧ ✧✧ ✧ ✧ ✧ ✧✧ ✧ ✧ ✧ ✧

IGT Headquarters1700 South Mount Prospect Road

Des Plaines, IL 60018-1804, U.S.A.Tel: (847) 768-0500Fax: (847) 768-0501