instructional objectives : 1.research on motion and force 2. research using virtual investigations...
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Instructional Objectives : 1.Research on motion and force2. Research using virtual investigations
Homework:Monday- Notes 79-81 Ch.11)Vocabulary Tuesday- Notes 82-83 Study VocabularyWednesday- Speed and velocity worksheetThursday- Speed, Velocity, and acceleration worksheet
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Motion:process of changing place
• Distance: how far something has moved (This does not deal with direction!!!)
• Displacement: how far something has moved in a DIRECTION
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Think about the motion of a roller coaster car.
• The length of the path along which the car has traveled is distance.
• Displacement is the direction from the starting point to the car and the length of the straight line between them.
• After completing a trip around the track, the car’s displacement is zero.
Measuring Displacements
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A. Add the magnitudes of two displacement vectors that have the same direction.
B. Two displacement vectors with opposite directions are subtracted from each other.
Combining Displacements
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Location
• Position: an object’s location• Reference Point: a known
position used to locate something
Ex: - The car is next to the blue truck.
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Rate
• A rate is how often something happens.
Ex: 4 meters every second or 12 drops every minute.
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• the rate that something changes its position
• Ex: 50 miles per hour
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Two types of speed
• Instantaneous speed: the rate of motion at a given instant in time (happens right now).
• Constant speed: unchanging speed
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Average speed
• the total distance traveled divide by the total time
• is what we can calculate.
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Scaler and Vector
• Scaler : a measurement that has no specific direction
• Vector : a measurement having a specific direction
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Calculating Speed
• Speed = Total Distance . Total Time
• Speed Units are: • miles/hour, • meters/second, • feet/minute, and other such units.
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Instructional Objectives : 1.Learn the difference between positive and negative accelerations2. Learn the difference between speed and velocity
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Speed Problem #1
• A truck travels 40 Km. in 20 minutes. Find its speed.
• Solution: Speed = 40 Km. . 20 min. Speed = 2 Km./min.
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Speed Problem #2
• An airplane is traveling at 200 miles/hr. for 5 hours. How far does it travel?
• Solution:200 m/hr = Distance (Dist.= Speed x T.) 5 hr. Distance = 1000 miles
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Speed Problem #3
• How long does it take a boy to run 500 meters at 5 m/sec?
• Solution: 5 m/s = 500 m . Time (Time x 5 m/sec = 500 m) Time = 100 seconds
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Velocity 1
• Velocity: speed in a certain direction
• (Velocity ALWAYS has a DIRECTION !!!!!!)
• Ex: 5 miles/hr East or 20 meters/sec downward.
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Velocity 2
• Velocity MUST ALWAYS show a DIRECTION!!!!!!!!
If it does not show a direction, you have reported
a SPEED!!!!!!!!!!!
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Velocity Problem #1
• A turtle crawls 200 meters North in 20 minutes. Find its velocity.
• Solution: Speed = 200 meters (Add direction) 20 mins. Velocity = 10 m/min. North
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Speed Graphs 1
• Distance on Y-axis & Time on X-axis.
• Slope of line is Speed!
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Speed Graphs 2
• Slope of Red Line is 2400 - 0 m. 30 - 0 min. Or 80 m/min (this is speed)
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Instructional Objectives : 1.Identify positive and negative accelerations2. Learn the difference between speed and velocity
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What is Acceleration? Change in Speed-Ex: negative acceleration and positive accelerationConstant speed means zero acceleration
Change in direction -car traveling in a circle
Change in Speed and direction -Ex: Roller coaster
Constant Acceleration -Steady change in velocity
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What is ?
• Acceleration: the rate of change in velocity
• Positive Acceleration is a Gain in speed.
• Negative Acceleration is a Loss in speed.
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• Use the following formula: acceleration=velocity change . time or a = vf - vi . t
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• Acceleration Units: m/sec2, miles/hour/sec., yards/min.2, or such as this
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Positive Acceleration
is when velocity increases.
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Negative Acceleration
• is when velocity decreases.
• Always subtract velocities first then divide by the time.
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Acceleration Problem #1a
• A motorcycle accelerates from 20 miles/hr to
80miles/hr in 6 seconds. What is its rate of
acceleration?
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Answer to Problem #1a
• Acc. = Vf - Vi = 80 - 20 m/h . t 6 sec Acc. = 60 m/h = 10 m/h/sec . 6 sec acceleration . is positive.
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Acceleration Problem #2a
• A car slams on brakes when traveling at 200 meters/sec and stops in 10 seconds. What was the car’s rate of acceleration?
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Answer to Problem #2
• Acc. = Vf - Vi = 0 -200 m/sec . t 10 sec Acc=- 200 m/sec = -20m/s/s . 10 sec or -20 m/s2 .
(Acceleration is negative.)