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Integrate Sustainability into ICT Planning & Design

Prepared byAung Zaw Oo (Student of Adv. Dip in

IT (Security), Blacktown TAFE)

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Energy usage around the world

• In 2008, total worldwide energy consumption was 474 exajoules (474×1018 J=132,000 TWh). This is equivalent to an average power use of 15 terawatts (1.504×1013 W).

• According to IEA (International Energy Agency) data from 1990 to 2008, the average energy use per person increased 10% while world population increased 27%.

• Global warming is the rise in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late 19th century and its projected continuation. Since the early 20th century, Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F), with about two-thirds of the increase occurring since 1980.

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Carbon Emissions

• A global temperature rise of 2⁰ Celsius is considered high risk by the SEI (Stockholm Environmental Institute). Even to limit global temperature rise to 2⁰ Celsius demands a 75% decline in carbon emissions in industrial countries by 2050. Across 40 years, this averages to a 2% decrease every year. In 2011, the warming emissions of energy production continued rising regardless of the consensus of the basic problem.

• According to Robert Engelman (Worldwatch institute), in order to prevent collapse, human civilization must stop increasing emissions within a decade regardless of the economy or population (2009)

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ICT and Carbon Emissions

• Compared to other sectors, the ICT industry is responsible for a relatively small portion of global greenhouse gas emissions – about 2-to-2.5 % according to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). That includes emissions by ICT companies directly as well as energy consumption by ICT equipment

• However, ICT usage is expected to expand rapidly over the coming decade, especially in developing countries. If nothing is done, the ICT contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions is projected to nearly double – to about 4% – by 2020.

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ICT and Carbon Emissions (Continued)

• In this age of high energy prices and environmental concerns, everyone from homeowners to the largest energy consuming businesses is interested in reducing their energy consumption.

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ICT and Carbon Emissions (Continued)

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Introduction to ICT Sustainability

• ICT Sustainability refers to environmental, social and economical sustainable for computing or Information Technology.

• The practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems — efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment.

• Many corporate IT department have Green Computing initiatives to reduce the environmental impacts of their IT operations. The goals of green computing are; Reduce the use of hazardous materials Maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime and Promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste.

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1. The Basics of preparing to integrate sustainability into ICT

• Evaluate suitable ICT projects into which sustainability can be integrated

• Negotiate with the stakeholders to establish the extent to which sustainability is to be integrated

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1. The Basics of preparing to integrate sustainability into ICT (Continued)

• Produce an energy audit• Choosing energy efficient hardware• Using power management software• Selecting energy efficient architecture with

longer life cycle, better utility• Using renewable energy• Reducing e-waste• Pilot projects

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2. ICT sustainability from a business standpoint

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3. Energy efficiency as a stepping stone to sustainability

• There are various different motivations to improve energy efficiency. Reducing energy use reduces energy costs and may result in a financial cost saving to consumers if the energy savings offset any additional costs of implementing an energy efficient technology. Reducing energy use is also seen as a key solution to the problem of reducing emissions. According to the International Energy Agency, improved energy efficiency in buildings, industrial processes and transportation could reduce the world's energy needs in 2050 by one third, and help control global emissions of greenhouse gases.

• Energy efficiency and renewable energy are said to be the twin pillars of sustainable energy policy. In many countries energy efficiency is also seen to have a national security benefit because it can be used to reduce the level of energy imports from foreign countries and may slow down the rate at which domestic energy resources are depleted.

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4. Individual Project Strategy

• Analyse energy audit data on enterprise resource consumption.

• Plan and integrate sustainability into ICT projects by devising strategies to conserve resources

• Develop and monitor policies for review and improvements, benchmarking against industry best practice and attempting new approaches continuously over time.

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5. Network operation and security

• Network Operating SystemQNAP NAS Firmware 3.6

• Security– IP Filter– Network Access Protection with Auto-blocking– Importable SSL Certificate– Security Access

• HTTPS Connections• FTP with SSL/TLS (Explicit)• SSH/SFTP Connections (Administrator Only)• Encrypted Remote Replication (Rsync over SSH)

– CIFS Host Access Control Shares Folders– Service Binding– External Drive Encryption– Antivirus Protection– Import SSL Certificate– Instant Alert via Email, SMS Instant Messaging (Windows Live Messenger), Buzzer and LCD Panel

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6. Recommended Sustainability in ICT System

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6. Recommended Sustainability in ICT (Continued)

Recommended NAS (QNAP TS-212)http://web.qnap.com/pro_detail_feature.asp?p_id=192

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6. Recommended Sustainability in ICT (Continued)

• Eco-friendly, Energy-efficient Design– QNAP Turbo NAS features the latest green technologies to protect the environment and

save money on your energy bill.– The hard drives on the NAS can be configured to enter standby mode after a period of

idling to reduce the power consumption and extend their lifespan. – The smart fan monitors the server and hard drive temperature and automatically adjusts

the fan speed for quiet 24/7 operation. – The NAS can be scheduled for automatic power on and off to save energy when no data

access is required.

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7. Test results

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8. Short term technology solutions to achieve reduction of power consumption• By using energy efficient hardware• By using low heat generating hardware• Hibernation of:

– Hard drive– LCD monitor– Workstation– Multifunction devices

• Remote energy management• Replacing desktop PCs with thin clients• Server virtualisation• Use of videoconference technology.

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9. Energy usage within the ICT project Hardware Cost URL Average power

E.g. browser open

Server $500 Generic 45 watts idleSwitch 24 Port TP Link TL1024d GigaBit

$74.50 www.digistar.com.au Idle 7 -8 watts (2 thin clients attached)

Thin Client x 1

Wyse SE3215

n/a – Est. $40 www.partstore.com 9 watts (each)

Modem/router $176 www.pcworld.idg.com.au 6 watts + 1watt for dongle

Printer Lexmark Z12 $25 www.ebay.com.au Idle 8 -16 watts

Monitor hp compact FP5315 x 2

$25 www.ebay.com 18 watts (each)

Thin Client x 1

Ultra Thin Y210

$74.21 USD www.aleixpress.com 7 watts (each)

NAS x 1

TS-212 Turbo NAS

$372.00 http://web.qnap.com/pro_detail_feature.asp?p_id=192 6 Watt (Sleeping)

13 Watt (Operation)

TOTAL $914 152 watts (Server + 2 thin clients + 3 monitors+ printer)

COST $0.86 per day

TOTAL (estimated) $2236 1000 Watts (Server & 20 thin clients)

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10. Recommendations and Conclusion

• Recommendations– QNAP TS419PII is recommendation for replacement of TS211.

• QNAP TS419PII Features– CPU – Marvell 2.0GHz– Number of Internal Hard Drives – 4 x SATA(II)– Hot Swappable Hard drive - Yes– Maximum raw capacity - 12TB– USB 3.0 – 2 Each– eSATA – 2 Each– Transfer Performance – 109.6MB/s (Read), 75.1MB/s (Write)

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10. Recommendations and Conclusion (Continued)

• Conclusion• The global warming is threating to all over the world.

Everybody has a responsible to protect the environment by reducing the usage of energy, changing the resources to green and control the waste.

• The energy price is higher and higher. It’s effecting to every economic factors. It prevent the economic developing factor and threaten our life style.

• If we can’t find the sustainability of the energy resources and waste management, we will loose our economy growth and environmental.