integrated b. sc. - m. sc. physics programme · course scheme for 5 years integrated b.sc.- m.sc....

Integrated B.Sc. M. Sc. Physics Syllabus: July 2014 onwards.

SYLLABUS FOR

INTEGRATED B. SC. - M. SC. PHYSICS PROGRAMME

EFFECTIVE FROM JULY 2014

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR, Transit Campus SonwarCampus Srinagar-190004


Course Scheme for 5 years Integrated B.Sc.- M.Sc. Physics Programme.

Semester-I

No Course code Title of the Course Course type

Credits

Max Marks CIA External

1 PHY-CC101 Physics-I(Mechanics)

C 4 40 60

2 PHY-CC102 Physics-I Lab C 2 20 30

3 PHY-CC103 Physics-II(Electricity and Magnetism)

C 4 40 60

4 PHY-CC104 Physics-II Lab C 2 20 30

5 PHY-CC105 Mathematics-I C 4 40 60

6 GE-101/102Generic Elective-I

One Course to be Chosen Out of basket: (i)Chemistry I(ii) IT Skill

GE-I 4 40 60

7 GE-103/104Generic Elective-I Lab/Tutorial

One Course to be Chosen Out of basket:(i)Chemistry I(ii) IT Skill

GE-I Lab 2 20 30

8 AEC-101Ability Enhancement Course-I

Communicative English

AEC-I 2 20 30


Semester-II


Credits


9 PHY-CC201 Physics-III(Thermal Physics)

C 4 40 60

10 PHY-CC202 Physics-III Lab C 2 20 30

11 PHY-CC203 Physics-IV(Oscillations and Waves )

C 4 40 60

12 PHY-CC204 Physics-IV Lab C 2 20 30

13 PHY-CC205 Mathematics-II C 4 40 60

14 GE-201/202 Generic Elective-II

One Course to be Chosen Out of basket :(i)Chemistry II(ii)Basic Computer Programming

GE-II 4 40 60

15 GE-203/204Generic Elective-II Lab

One Course to be Chosen Out of basket :(i)Chemistry II(ii)Basic Computer Programming

GE-II Lab

2 20 30

16 AEC-201Ability Enhancement Course-II

Environment Science

AEC-II 2 20 30


Semester-III


Credits


17 PHY-CC301 Physics-V(Basic Electronics)

C 4 40 60

18 PHY-CC302 Physics-V Lab C 2 20 30

19 PHY-CC303 Physics-VI( Optics)

C 4 40 60

20 PHY-CC304 Physics-VI Lab C 2 20 30

21 PHY-CC305 Mathematics-III C 4 40 60

22 Generic Elective-III

To be Chosen Out of basket

GE-III 4 40 60

23 Generic Elective-III Lab/Tutorial


GE-III Lab

2 20 30

24 Skill Enhancement Course-I

Introduction to Statistics & Data Analysis

SEC-I 2 20 30


Semester-IV


Credits


25 PHY-CC401 Physics-VII(Elements of Modern Physics)

C 4 40 60

26 PHY-CC402 Physics-VII Lab C 2 20 30

27 PHY-CC403 Physics-VIII(Electromagnetic-Theory)

C 4 40 60

28 PHY-CC404 Physics-VIII Lab C 2 20 30

29 PHY-CC405 Mathematics-IV C 4 40 60

30 Generic Elective-IV


GE-IV 4 40 60

31 Generic Elective-IV Lab/Tutorial


GE-IV Lab/Tut

2 20 30

32 Skill Enhancement Course-II

Renewable Energy Sources

SEC-II 2 20 30


SEMESTER-I PHY-CC101: PHYSICS-I (Mechanics)

Unit-I Fundamentals of Dynamics: Reference frames. Inertial frames, Review of Newton’s Laws of Motion. Dynamics of asystem of particles. Centre of Mass. Principle of conservation of momentum. Impulse. Work and Energy: Work and Kinetic Energy Theorem. Conservative and non- conservative forces. Potential Energy.Energy diagram. Stable and unstable equilibrium. Elastic potential energy. Force as gradient of potential energy. Work &Potential energy. Work done by non-conservative forces. Law of conservation of Energy.

Unit-II Rotational Dynamics: Angular momentum of a particle and system of particles. Torque. Principle of conservation ofangular momentum. Rotation about a fixed axis. Moment of Inertia. Calculation of moment of inertia for rectangular,cylindrical and spherical bodies. Kinetic energy of rotation. Motion involving both translation and rotation.

E last ic i ty : Relation between Elastic constants. Twisting torque on a Cylinder or Wire.

Unit-III

Gravitation and Central Force Motion: Law of gravitation. Gravitational potential energy. Inertial and gravitationalmass. Potential and field due to spherical shell and solid sphere.Motion of a particle under a central force field. Two-body problem and its reduction to one-body problem and its solution.The energy equation and energy diagram. Kepler’s Laws. Satellite in circular orbit applications.Collisions: Elastic andinelastic collisions between particles.

Unit-IV Special Theory of Relativity: Michelson-Morley Experiment and its outcome. Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity.Lorentz Transformations. Simultaneity and order of events. Lorentz contraction. Time dilation. Relativistic transformation ofvelocity, frequency and wave number. Relativistic addition of velocities. Variation of mass with velocity. Massless Particles.Mass-energy Equivalence. Relativistic Doppler effect. Relativistic Kinematics. Transformation of Energy and Momentum.Energy - Momentum Four Vector.

Reference Books(Latest Edition):

1. An introduction to mechanics, D. Kleppner, R. J. Kolenkow, McGraw-Hill.

2. Mechanics, Berkeley Physics, Vol.I, C. Kittel, W. Knight, et.al., Tata McGraw-Hill.

3. Feynman Lectures, Vol. I, R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton, M. Sands, Pearson Education

4. Introduction to Special Relativity, R. Resnick, John Wiley and Sons.

5. Mechanics, D.S. Mathur, S. Chand and Company Limited.

6. University Physics, F. W Sears, M.W Zemansky, H. D Young , Addison Wesle

7. Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Phys., J. W. Jewett, R. A. Serway, Cengage Learning


PHY-CC102: PHYSICS-I Lab

1. To determine the Moment of Inertia of a Flywheel about its own axis of rotation

2. To determine the Young's Modulus of the given material.

3. To determine the Modulus of Rigidity of a Wire by Maxwell’s needle.

4. To determine the Elastic Constants of a Wire by Searle’s method.

5. To determine g by Bar Pendulum.


1. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L.Flint and H.T.Worsnop, Asia Publishing House.

2. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, , Heinemann Educational Publishers

3. A Text Book of Practical Physics, Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, Kitab Mahal, New Delhi.

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PHY-CC103: PHYSICS-II (Electricity and Magnetism) Unit IElectric field: Electric field lines. Electric flux. Gauss’ Law with applications to charge distributions with spherical,cylindrical and planar symmetry. Conservative nature of Electrostatic Field. Electrostatic Potential. Laplace’s and Poissonequations. The Uniqueness Theorem. Potential and Electric Field of a dipole. Force and Torque on a dipole.

Electrostatic energy of system of charges. Electrostatic energy of a charged sphere. Conductors in an electrostatic Field.Surface charge and force on a conductor. Capacitance of a system of charged conductors. Parallel-plate capacitor.

Unit II

Dielectric Properties of Matter: Electric Field in matter. Polarization, Polarization Charges. Electrical Susceptibility andDielectric Constant. Capacitor (parallel plate, spherical, cylindrical) filled with dielectric. Displacement vector D.Relations between E, P and D. Gauss’ Law in dielectrics.Magnetic Field: Magnetic force between current elements and definition of Magnetic Field B.Biot-Savart’s Law and its simple applications: straight wire and circular loop. Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole and itsDipole Moment (Analogy with Electric Dipole). Ampere’s Circuital Law and its application to (1) Solenoid and (2) Toroid.Properties of B: curl and divergence. Vector Potential. Magnetic Force on (1) point charge (2) current carrying wire (3)between current elements. Torque on a current loop in a uniform Magnetic Field. Unit III

Magnetic Properties of Matter: Magnetization vector (M). Magnetic Intensity(H). Magnetic Susceptibility andpermeability. Relation between B, H, M. Ferromagnetism. B-H curve and hysteresis.Electromagnetic Induction: Faraday’s Law. Lenz’s Law. Self Inductance and Mutual Inductance. Reciprocity Theorem.Energy stored in a Magnetic Field. Introduction to Maxwell’s Equations. Charge Conservation and Displacement current.Unit IVElectric Circuits: AC Circuits: Kirchhoff’s laws for AC circuits. Complex Reactance and Impedance. Series LCR Circuit:(1) Resonance, (2) Power Dissipation and (3) Quality Factor, and (4) Band Width. Parallel LCR Circuit.Network theorem: Ideal Constant-voltage and Constant-current Sources. Network Theorems: Thevenin theorem, Nortontheorem, Superposition theorem, Reciprocity theorem, Maximum Power Transfer theorem. Applications to dc circuits.B a l l l l i s t i c G a l v a n o m e t e r : Torque on a current Loop. Ballistic Galvanometer: Current and ChargeSensitivity. Electromagnetic damping. Logarithmic damping. CDR.


1. Electricity, Magnetism & Electromagnetic Theory, S. Mahajan and Choudhury, Tata McGraw

2. Electricity and Magnetism, Edward M. Purcell, McGraw-Hill Education

3. Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths, , Benjamin Cummings.

4. Feynman Lectures Vol.2, R.P.Feynman, R.B.Leighton, M. Sands, Pearson Education

5. Elements of Electromagnetics, M.N.O. Sadiku, Oxford University Press.

6. Electricity and Magnetism, J.H.Fewkes & J.Yarwood. Vol. I, Oxford Univ. Press.


PHY-CC104: PHYSICS-II Lab

1. Use a Multimeter for measuring (a) Resistances, (b) AC and DC Voltages, (c) DC Current, (d) Capacitances,

and (e) Checking electrical fuses.

2. To determine an unknown Low Resistance using Carey Foster’s Bridge.

3. To determine self inductance of a coil by Anderson’s bridge.

4. To study response curve of a Series LCR circuit and determine its (a) Resonant frequency, (b) Impedance at

resonance, (c) Quality factor Q, and (d) Band width.

5. Measurement of charge and current sensitivity and CDR of Ballistic Galvanometer


1. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, Asia Publishing House

2.A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, Kitab Mahal

3.Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, Heinemann Educational Publishers

4. A Laboratory Manual of Physics for undergraduate classes, D. P. Khandelwal, Vani Pub.


PHY-CC105: MATHEMATICS-I Unit-I

Vectors: Review of basic vector algebra, scalar and vector product and related vector identities. Differential Calculus:Limits and continuity of a function, continuity (boundedness),Vector Calculus: differentiation of vectors, time-derivative,velocity and acceleration,

Functions of several variables: Partial differentiation,Vector differential operators (del-operator and Laplacian operator),Scalar field, Gradient of scaler field with geometrical interpretation, Vector field, Divergence and curl of vector field, theirphysical interpretation, Conservative fields

Unit – II

Review of methods of Integration, Integration by parts, Trigonometric Integrals, Trigonometric Substitutions, Integration ofRational functions by partial fractions. Line, Surface, and volume Integrals. Improper Integrals , Beta function, Gammafunction, Relation between Beta and Gamma function.

Unit - III Application of vector calculus : flux across a surface, solenoidal and irrotational vector fields Vector integral theorems: Line,surface and volume integral, Green’s theorem in a plane, Gauss divergence theorem and Stokes’s theorem, applications toelectrodynamics and fluid mechanics

Unit – IV

Homogeneous function & Euler’s theorem with applications, Lagrange’s mean value theorem, Rolle’s theorem, Cauchy’stheorem, Tangents and Normals- (polar coordinates only).

Maclaurin’s & Taylor series, Extreme values of function of two variables, Lagrange’s method of multipliers for minima andmaxima, Curvature and radius of curvature of the curves whose equations are in Cartesian, parametric & polar form

Reference Books(Latest Edition) :

1. E. Kreyszig , “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, John Wiley, Singapore.

2. Differential calculus by A. Auzeem, Chopra & Kochar

3. Engineering Mathematics by R. K Rajput & N. P. Bali, Laxmi Publications

4. G. B. Thomas Jr., “Calculus and Analytic Geometry”, Addison-Wesley, Delhi.

5. Greenberg M D, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Pearson Education, Singapore.

6. Jain, R K and Iyengar S R K, “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.

7. Higher engineering mathematics by B.V. Ramana.


GE-101 : Chemistry – I (Inorganic Chemistry ) Unit-I Atomic StructureReview of Bohr’s theory and its limitations, dual behaviour of matter and radiation, de-Broglie’s relation, HeisenbergUncertainty principle. Hydrogen atom spectra. Need for the quantum mechanical approach to atomic structure.Time independent Schrodinger equation and meaning of various terms in it. Significance of ψ and ψ2, Schrödinger equationfor hydrogen atom. Radial and angular parts of the hydogenic wavefunctions (atomic orbitals) and their variations for 1s, 2s,2p, 3s, 3p and 3d orbitals (Only graphical representation). Radial and angular nodes and their significance. Radialdistribution functions and the concept of the most probable distance with special reference to 1s and 2s atomic orbitals.Significance of quantum numbers, orbital angular momentum and quantum numbers ml and ms. Shapes of s, p and d atomicorbitals, nodal planes. Discovery of spin, spin quantum number (s) and magnetic spin quantum number (ms). Rules for fillingelectrons in various orbitals, Electronic configurations of the atoms. Stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals,concept of exchange energy. Relative energies of atomic orbitals. Anomalous electronic configurations.

Unit-II Chemical Bonding and Molecular StructureIonic Bonding: General characteristics of ionic bonding. Energy considerations in ionic bonding, lattice energy and solvationenergy and their importance in the context of stability and solubility of ionic compounds. Statement of Born-Landé equationfor calculation of lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle and its applications, polarizing power and polarizability. Fajan’s rules,ionic character in covalent compounds, bond moment, dipole moment and percentage ionic character.Covalent bonding: VB Approach: Shapes of some inorganic molecules and ions on the basis of VSEPR and hybridizationwith suitable examples of linear, trigonal planar, square planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral arrangements.Concept of resonance and resonating structures in various inorganic and organic compounds.

MO Approach: Rules for the LCAO method, bonding and antibonding MOs and their characteristics for s-s, s-p and p-pcombinations of atomic orbitals, nonbonding combination of orbitals, MO treatment of homonuclear diatomic molecules of1st and 2nd periods (including idea of s-p mixing) and hetero-nuclear diatomic molecules such as CO, NO and NO+.Comparison of VB and MO approaches

Unit-IIIs- and p-Block Elements-IPeriodicity in s- and p-block elements with respect to electronic configuration, atomic and ionic size, ionization enthalpy,electronegativity (Pauling, Mulliken, and Alfred-Rochow scales). Concept of unusual oxidation states, inert pair effect,diagonal relationship and anomalous behaviour of first member of each group.Hydrides: Classification and general properties. Concept of multicentre bonding in diborane and higher boranes.

Unit-IVs- and p-Block Elements-IIEffective nuclear charge and its calculation using Slater rules; chemical characteristic of the compounds of alkali and alkalineearth metals (oxides and hydroxides).Structure, bonding and their important properties of hydrides of Nitrogen (NH3, N2H4, N3H, NH2OH); oxoacids ofPhosphorous, Sulpher and Chlorine, halides and oxohalides (PCl3, PCl5, SOCl2 and SO2Cl2). Preparation properties and uses of some commercially important compounds: Calcium carbonate and Calcium Sulphate.

Books Recommended(Latest Edition)

1. J. D. Lee: A New Concise Inorganic Chemistry, E.L.B.S.2. F.A. Cotton & G. Wilkinson: Basic Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley.3. D. F. Shriver and P. W. Atkins: Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University Press.4. Gary Wulfsberg: Inorganic Chemistry, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. J. C. Kotz, P. M. Treichel, 5. J. R. Townsend, General Chemistry, Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd .: New Delhi.6. B. H. Mahan: University Chemistry, Narosa.7. R. H. Petrucci, General Chemistry, Macmillan Publishing Co.: New York.


GE-102: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SKILLS (IT Skill ) `

Unit- IIntroduction to Information Technology: Information Technology: Data, Information, Application of IT; Computer:Definition, Characteristics, Application; Components of Computer System: Central Processing Unit(C.P.U), Input and OutputDevices; Memory; Concept of Hardware and Software, Classification of computers. Introduction to Operating Systems(D.O.S, Windows and Linux).

Unit- IIApplication Softwares: Word Processing: Creating, Editing and Printing Documents. Formatting-paragraph and characterstyles, changing fonts and their sizes. Table: creation, concept of rows and columns, inserting and deleting rows andcolumns. Mail merge, Labels and Envelopes, Resume Creation. Paint: Drawing, picture editing, image file formats:

Unit- III Application Software: Spreadsheets: Elements of Spreadsheets, Manipulation of Cells, Inserting and Deleting rows andcolumns: Formulae and Functions, using small Accounting Applications. Presentations: PowerPoint: Exploring, Creating andEditing slides, inserting Tables, charts and Multimedia, Animations, Slide Show.

Unit- IV Computer Communication and Internet: Computer Networks: LAN, MAN, WAN, Internet, Internet Applications, WWW,Web Browsers, Electronic Mail (e-mail): Creating email account, sending messages , attaching a document ; Viruses andProtection.Emerging Trends in Information Technology:Information Technology (I.T) Acts, I.T Application: Education, Industry, Healthand Banking. E-Commerce, Geographic Information System (GIS), e-governance, Artificial Intelligence.

Suggested Readings(Latest Edition):

1.V. Rajaraman, Computer Fundamentals, PHI.

2.Leon and Leon, Fundamentals of IT, Leon Tec World.

3.P. K Sinha, Computer Fundamentals, BPB Publications.

4.Ron Mansfield, Working in Microsoft Office, Tata McGraw Hill.

5.Alexis Lean and Mathews Leon, Fundamentals of Information Technology


GE-103: Chemistry – I Lab

A. Volumetric Analysis

1. Estimation of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in a mixture.

2. Estimation of oxalic acid by titrating it with KMnO4.

3. Estimation of water of crystallization in Mohr’s salt by titrating with KMnO4.

4. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K2Cr2O7 using internal indicator.

5. Estimation of Cu (II) ions iodometrically using Na2S2O3

B. Qualitative Analysis

Semi-micro qualitative analysis using H2S of mixtures- not more than four ionic species

(two anions and two cations and excluding insoluble salts) out of the following:

Cations : NH4+, Pb2+, Ag+, Bi3+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Sn2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Co2+, Cr3+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Zn2+,Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+, K+

Anions : CO32– , S2–, SO3

2–, S2O32–, NO3–, CH3COO–, Cl–, Br–, I–, NO3–,SO42-, PO43-,

BO33-, C2O42-, F-

(Spot tests should be carried out wherever feasible)

Any other practical found feasible by the teacher concerned.


1. A.I. Vogel, Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Prentice Hall, 2. A.I. Vogel, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Prentice Hall, 3. Advanced Practical Inorganic Chemistry; Gurdeep Raj; Goel Publishing House;


GE-104: IT Skill Lab

Lab Course is based on the syllabus of GE-102 course ( IT Skill )


AEC-101: Communicative English

Unit – I

Spoken English: Practice in the correct pronunciation of English vowels and consonants, syllables and accent, International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) basics – to enable the students to consult an English pronouncing dictionary.

Unit – II

Usage of English Language: Vocabulary development, word structure, word order and phrasal verbs

Unit – III

Comprehension: Listening and Reading Comprehension. Written Communication and Composition: Paragraph writing,precis writing, dicto composition, letter writing, writing a term paper, writing book reviews.

Unit – IV

Essentials of Grammar: Remedial exercises in parts of speech, structure of sentences, sequence of tenses, use of articlesand modes of reporting. In addition to these components, students would be involved in performing communicative taskssuch as making short speeches, interpreting visual presentations, role play and group discussions.

Recommended Reading(Latest Edition):

1) Mohan, Krishna and Raman, Meenakshi, Effective English Communication, New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill.


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Semes t e r II____________________________________________________________________________________

PHY-CC201 : PHYSICS-III ( Thermal Physics )

Unit-I

Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics: Extensive and intensive Thermodynamic Variables, ThermodynamicEquilibrium, Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics & Concept of Temperature, Concept of Work & Heat, StateFunctions, First Law of Thermodynamics and its differential form, Internal Energy, First Law & various processes,Applications of First Law: General Relation between CP and CV, Work Done during Isothermal and AdiabaticProcesses.Second Law of Thermodynamics: Reversible and Irreversible process with examples. Conversion of Work intoHeat and Heat into Work. Heat Engines. Carnot’s Cycle, Carnot engine & efficiency. Refrigerator &coefficient of performance, 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.

Unit IIEntropy: Concept of Entropy, Clausius Theorem. Clausius Inequality, Second Law of Thermodynamics in terms ofEntropy. Entropy of a perfect gas. Principle of Increase of Entropy.Entropy Changes in Reversible andIrreversible processes with examples. Entropy of the Universe. Entropy Changes in Reversible andIrreversible Processes. Principle of Increase of Entropy. Third Law of Thermodynamics. Unattainability of AbsoluteZero.Thermodynamic Potentials: Extensive and Intensive Thermodynamic Variables. Thermodynamic Potentials:Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Helmholtz Free Energy, Gibb’s Free Energy. Their Definitions, Properties andApplications. Maxwell’s Thermodynamic Relations: Derivations and applications of Maxwell’s Relations, Maxwell’sRelations:(1) Clausius Clapeyron equation, (2) Values of Cp-Cv,

Unit IIIDistribution of Velocities: Maxwell-Boltzmann Law of Distribution of Velocities in an Ideal Gas and its ExperimentalVerification. Doppler Broadening of Spectral Lines and Stern’s Experiment. Mean, RMS and Most Probable Speeds.Degrees of Freedom. Law of Equipartition of Energy (No proof required). Specific heats of Gases.

Molecular Collisions: Mean Free Path. Collision Probability. Estimates of Mean Free Path. Transport Phenomenonin Ideal Gases: (1) Viscosity, (2) Thermal Conductivity and (3) Diffusion. Brownian Motion and its Significance.

Unit IV Real Gases: Behavior of Real Gases: Deviations from the Ideal Gas Equation. The Virial Equation. Andrew’sExperiments on CO2 Gas. Critical Constants. Continuity of Liquid and Gaseous State. Vapour and Gas. BoyleTemperature. Van der Waal’s Equation of State for Real Gases. Values of Critical Constants. Law of CorrespondingStates. Comparison with Experimental Curves. p-V Diagrams. Joule’s Experiment. Free Adiabatic Expansion of aPerfect Gas. Joule-Thomson Porous Plug Experiment. Joule- Thomson Effect for Real and Van der Waal Gases.Temperature of Inversion.

Reference Books:

2) Heat and Thermodynamics, M.W. Zemansky, Richard Dittman, McGraw-Hill.

3) A Treatise on Heat, Meghnad Saha, and B.N.Srivastava, Indian Press

4) Thermal Physics, S. Garg, R. Bansal and Ghosh, Tata McGraw-Hill

5) Modern Thermodynamics with Statistical Mechanics, Carl S. Helrich, Springer.

6) Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory & Statistical Thermodynamics, Sears & Salinger, Narosa.

7) Concepts in Thermal Physics, S.J. Blundell and K.M. Blundell, Oxford University Press


PHY-CC202: PHYSICS-III Lab

B. To determine Mechanical Equivalent of Heat ( J ) by Callender and Barne’s constant flow method.

C. To determine the Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity of Cu by Searle’s Apparatus.

D. To determine the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance by Platinum Resistance Thermometer (PRT)

E. To determine the latent heat of fusion of Ice by using calorimeter with radiation correction

F. Measurement of Thermal Conductivity of a bad conductor by Lee disc method.


6. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B. L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, Asia Publishing House

7. A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, Kitab Mahal

8. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, Heinemann Educational Publishers9. A Laboratory Manual of Physics for undergraduate classes, D. P. Khandelwal, Vani Pub.


PHY-CC203 : PHYSICS-IV (Oscillations and Waves )

Unit-ISHM :- Simple Harmonic Oscillations. Differential Equation of SHM and its Solution. Amplitude, Frequency, Time Period and Phase. Velocity and Acceleration. Kinetic, Potential and Total Energy and their Time Average Values. Reference Circle. Rotating Vector Representation of SHM.

Free Oscillations of Systems with One Degree of Freedom :- (1) Mass-Spring system, (2) Simple Pendulum, (3) TorsionalPendulum, (4) Oscillations in a U-Tube (5) Compound pendulum: Centres of Percussion and Oscillation, and (6) BarPendulum.

Superposition of Two Collinear Harmonic Oscillations :- Linearity and Superposition Principle. (1) Oscillations havingEqual Frequencies and (2) Oscillations having Different Frequencies (Beats). Superposition of N Collinear HarmonicOscillations with (1) Equal Phase Differences and (2) Equal Frequency Differences.

Unit-II

System with Two Degrees of Freedom : Coupled Oscillators. Normal Coordinates and Normal Modes. Energy Relation andEnergy Transfer. Normal Modes of N Coupled Oscillators.

Free Oscillations. Damped Oscillations : Damping Coefficient, Log Decrement. Forced Oscillations : Transient and SteadyStates, Amplitude, Phase, Resonance, Sharpness of Resonance, Power Dissipation and Quality Factor. Helmholtz Resonator.

Unit-III

Wave Motion :- Plane and Spherical Waves. Longitudinal and Transverse Waves. Plane Progressive (Travelling) Waves. Wave Equation. Particle and Wave Velocities. Differential Equation. Pressure of a Longitudinal Wave. Energy Transport. Intensity of Wave. Water Waves : Ripple and Gravity Waves.

Velocity of Waves :- Velocity of Transverse Vibrations of Stretched Strings. Velocity of Longitudinal Waves in a Fluid in aPipe. Newton’s Formula for Velocity of Sound. Laplace’s Correction.

Unit-IVSuperposition of Two Harmonic Waves :- Standing (Stationary) Waves in a String : Fixed and Free Ends. Analytical Treatment. Phase and Group Velocities. Changes wrt Position and Time. Energy of Vibrating String. Transfer of Energy. Normal Modes of Stretched Strings. Plucked and Struck Strings. Melde’s Experiment. Longitudinal Standing Waves and Normal Modes. Open and Closed Pipes. Superposition of N Harmonic Waves.

Reference Books (Eatest Edition):

4. Vibrations and Waves by A. P. French., CBS Pub. & Dist.

5. The Physics of Waves and Oscillations by N.K. Bajaj,Tata McGraw-Hill.

6. Fundamentals of Waves & Oscillations By K. Uno Ingard, Cambridge University Press.

7. An Introduction to Mechanics by Daniel Kleppner, Robert J. Kolenkow McGraw-Hill.

8. Waves: BERKELEY PHYSICS COURSE (SIE) by Franks Crawford Tata McGrawHill.


PHY-CC204 : PHYSICS-IV Lab

8. To determine the frequency of an electric tuning fork by Melde’s experiment and verify λ2 –T law.

9. To investigate the motion of coupled oscillators.

10. To study Lissajous Figures.

11. To study the Motion of a Spring and calculate (a) Spring Constant (b) Value of g, and(c) Modulus of Rigidity.

12. To verify the laws of transverse vibrations of strength using Sonometer.


4. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B. L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, Asia Publishing House


6. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, Heinemann Educational Publishers7. A Laboratory Manual of Physics for undergraduate classes, D. P. Khandelwal, Vani Pub.


PHY-CC205 : MATHEMATICS-II

Unit - IFirst order exact differential equations, Integrating factor, rules to find an integrating factor. First order higher degreeequations solvable for x, y, p. Methods for solving higher order differential equations. Basic theory of linear differentialequations, Wronskian and its properties. Solving differential equation by reducing its order.

Unit – II

Linear homogenous equations with constant coefficients, Linear non-homogenous equations, the method of variation of parameters, The Cauchy-Euler equation, Simultaneous differential equations, Total differential equations.

Unit – III

Order and degree of partial differential equation, Concept of linear and non linear partial differential equations, Formation of first order partial differential equations, linear partial differential equations of first order, Legrange's method, Charpit's method.

Unit – IV

Classification of second order partial differential equations into elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic through illustrations only. Solution of Laplace equation & Poisson equation by the method of seperation of variables, Applications to Vibrating String, heat equation.

Books recommended (Latest Edition):

7. Shepley L. Ross, Differential Equations, John Wiley & sons.8. Sneddon I., Elements of Partial Differential Equations, McGraw-Hill, International Edition.


GE-201 : Chemistry-II (Organic Chemistry)Unit–IFundamentals of Organic chemistryElectronic Displacements: Inductive Effect, Electromeric Effect, Resonance and Hyperconjugation. Cleavage of Bonds:Homolysis and Heterolysis. Structure, shape and sreactivity of reactive Intermediates: Carbocations, Carbanions andfree radicals. Nucleophiles and electrophiles Strength of organic acids and bases: Comparative study with emphasis onfactors affecting pK values. Aromaticity: Benzenoids and Hückel’s ruleStereochemistryConformations with respect to ethane, butane and cyclohexane. Interconversion of Wedge Formula, Newmann,Sawhorse and Fischer representations. Concept of chirality (upto two carbon atoms). Configuration: Geometrical andOptical isomerism; Enantiomerism, Diastereomerism and Meso compounds). Threo and erythro; D and L; cis - transnomenclature; R/ S (for upto 2 chiral carbon atoms) and E / Z Nomenclature (for upto two C=C systems).

Unit-II

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Functional group approach for the following reactions (preparations & reactions) tobestudied in context to their structure.Alkanes: (Upto 5 Carbons). Preparation: Catalytic hydrogenation, Wurtzreaction, Kolbe’s synthesis, from Grignard reagent. Reactions: Free radical Substitution: Halogenation.

Alkenes: (Upto 5 Carbons) Preparation: Elimination reactions: Dehydration of alkenes and dehydrohalogenation ofalkyl halides (Saytzeff’s rule); cis alkenes (Partial catalytic hydrogenation) and trans alkenes (Birch reduction).Reactions: cis-addition (alk. KMnO4) and trans-addition (bromine), Addition of HX (Markownikoff’s and anti-Markownikoff’s addition), Hydration, Ozonolysis, oxymecuration-demercuration, Hydroboration-oxidation.

Alkynes: (Upto 5 Carbons) Preparation: Acetylene from CaC2 and conversion into higher alkynes; by dehalogenationof tetra halides and dehydrohalogenation of vicinaldihalides.Reactions: formation of metal acetylides, addition of bromine and alkaline KMnO4, ozonolysis and oxidation with hotalk. KmnO4.

Unit-IIIAromatic hydrocarbonsPreparation (Case benzene): from phenol, by decarboxylation, from acetylene, from benzene sulphonic acid.Reactions: (Case benzene): Electrophilic substitution: nitration, halogenation and sulphonation. Friedel-Craft’s reaction(alkylation and acylation) (upto 4 carbons on benzene). Side chain oxidation of alkyl benzenes (upto 4 carbons onbenzene).Alkyl Halides (Upto 5 Carbons) Types of Nucleophilic Substitution (SN1, SN2 and SNi) reactions. Preparation: from alkenes andalcohols.Reactions: hydrolysis, nitrite & nitro formation, nitrile & isonitrile formation. Williamson’s ether synthesis: Elimination vs substitution.Aryl Halides Preparation: (Chloro, bromo and iodo-benzene case): from phenol, Sandmeyer & Gattermann reactions.Reactions (Chlorobenzene): Aromatic nucleophilic substitution (replacement by –OH group) and effect of nitrosubstituent. Benzyne Mechanism: KNH2/NH3 (or NaNH2/NH3).Reactivity and Relative strength of C-Halogen bond in alkyl, allyl, benzyl, vinyl and aryl halides.Unit-IV Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, (Upto 5 Carbons) (15 lectures)

Alcohols: Preparation: Preparation of 1о, 2о and 3о alcohols: using Grignard reagent, Ester hydrolysis, Reduction ofaldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acid and esters.Reactions: With sodium, HX (Lucas test), esterification, oxidation (with PCC, alk. KMnO4, acidic dichromate, conc.HNO3). Oppeneauer oxidation Diols: (Upto 6 Carbons) oxidation of diols. Pinacol-Pinacolone rearrangement.

Phenols: (Phenol case) Preparation: Cumene hydroperoxide method, from diazonium salts. Reactions: Electrophilicsubstitution: Nitration, halogenation and sulphonation. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction, Gattermann-Koch Reaction,Houben–Hoesch Condensation, Schotten – Baumann Reaction.Ethers (aliphatic and aromatic): Cleavage of ethers with HI.

Books Recommended (Latest Edition):8. T. W. Graham Solomon: Organic Chemistry, John Wiley and Sons.9. Peter Sykes: A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman.10. E. L. Eliel: Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds, Tata McGraw Hill.11. I. L. Finar: Organic Chemistry (Vol. I & II), E. L. B. S.12. R. T. Morrison & R. N. Boyd: Organic Chemistry, Prentice Hall.13. Arun Bahl and B. S. Bahl: Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand


GE-202: Basic computer Programming-I

Unit-I

Introduction to computer language, Brief introduction to :Machine language, Assembly language,High levellanguage, Object oriented Programming language Characteristics of good programming Language.Introduction to compiler ,interpreter and assembler.

Unit-II

Algorithm. Characteristics, Representation of Algorithm: programs, flowcharts and pseudo codes, symbols offlow-charting rules, levels of flowchart, Advantages and Disadvantages of Algorithms and pseudo codes

Unit-III

Introduction to Language C: Constants, variables and key words, Types of C constants, rules for constructinginteger constants, rules for constructing real constants, rules for constructing character constants, Data Types,Instruction and its Types, Storage Classes, Operators and Hierarchy of Operations, Associativity of Operations,Expressions in C, Structure of C Program, compilation and execution of C Programme,

Unit-IV

Control and Repetitive Statements, if statement, while loop, do-while loop, for loop, break andcontinue,Switch case statement.

One Dimensional Array, Advantages and Disadvantages, Introduction to pointers, pointers notation, pointerArithmatics, Pointers and arrays,Strings in C, String function and manipulation, pointer to string.


8. P. K. Sinha, “ Computer Fundamentals”, BPB Publications.9. Y. P. Kanetkar, “Let us C”, BPB Publications. 10. H.Schildt, “The Complete reference to C”, McGraw-Hill.


GE-203 : Chemistry-II Lab

6. Detection of elements (N, S, Cl, Br, I) in organic compounds (containing upto two extra elements).7. Separation of mixtures by Chromatography: Measure the Rf value in each case (combination of two

compounds to be given)(a) Separation and identification of the components of a given mixture of 2 amino acids

(glycine,aspartic acid, glutamic acid, tyrosine or any other amino acid) by paper chromatography(b) Separation and identification of the sugars present in the given mixture by paper

chromatography. Purification of organic compounds by crystallization (from water and alcohol) and distillation.

8. Criteria of Purity: Determination of melting and boiling points.

9. Preparations: Mechanism of various reactions involved to be discussed.10. Recrystallisation, determination of melting point and calculation of quantitative yields to be done.

(a) Bromination of Phenol/Aniline (b) Benzoylation of amines/phenols

(c) Oxime and 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazone of aldehyde/ketone11. . Any other practical/s found feasible by the teacher concerned.

Books recommended (Latest Edition):5. A.I. Vogel: Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th edition, Prentice-Hall.6. F. G. Mann & B. C. Saunders, Practical Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman.7. Advanced Practical Organic Chemistry, N. K. Vishnoi, Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd.8. Laboratory manual in Organic Chemstry, R.K. Bansal, (Wiley Eastern)


GE-204 :Basic computer Programming Lab

Lab Course is based on the syllabus of GE-203 course ( Basic Computer Programming Language through ‘C’. )


AEC-201: Environmental Science Unit-I

Environment, Definition, Scope and its Importance. Components of Environment: Physical, Biological and Social.Ecosystem- Structure and Function. Food Chain Food web and Ecological Parameters. Biogeochemical Cycles: Carbon,Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Hydrological cycle.

Unit-II

Natural Resources: and its associated problems: Forest, Water resources: Deforestation, Overgrazing, Conflict overwater, Droughts, Floods, Dams its benefits and problems. Food Resources: World food problems, Changes caused byAgriculture and overgrazing, Effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer and pesticide problems. Mineral Resources: Uses,exploitation and its impacts on environment. Mineral resources of J&K. Energy Resources: Growing energy need,Renewable and on renewable. Role of Individual in Conservation of Natural Resources.

Unit III

Introduction to Environmental Pollution. Definition, Causes, Consequences and control of: Air Pollution, WaterPollution, Soil Pollution, Noise pollution. Solid Wastes: Urban and Industrial waste management. Green House Effect,Global warming, Climate Change, Acid rain and Ozone layer depletion. Waste land reclamation. Unsustainable toSustainable Development.

Unit-IV

Introduction to Biodiversity, Definition, levels and measurement of Biodiversity. Values of Biodiversity: Commercial,Ecological and Social. India as a mega diversity nation. Threats to Biodiversity: Habitat loss, Poaching of wild life.Man wildlife conflict. Concept of threatened species: Endangered and Endemic species of India. Conservation ofBiodiversity: In situ and Ex situ conservation.

Environmental Ethics: Issues and Possible Solutions. Environmental Movements: Chipko and Narmada Andolan.Environmental Protection Act 1986, Wild life protection Act 1972, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981,Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974.


SEMESTER-III

PHY-CC301: PHYSICS-V (Basic Electronics) Unit-ISemiconductors Physics: Energy band description of semiconductor, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, chargecarriers, charge concentration, Temperature dependence of carrier concentration, Electrical conductivity and Mobility,Carrier Concentration and Fermi level of intrinsic Semiconductor, Donor and Acceptor, Fermi level, Fermi level inextrinsic semiconductor, Idea of carrier mobility, Drift and Diffusion current, Hall effect.

Unit- IIDiodes: P-N junction: barrier formation, barrier potential, Current Flow Mechanism in Forward and Reverse BiasedDiode, pn junction and its characteristics. Diode equation, Qualitative mechanisms of junction breakdown: avalanchebreakdown and zener breakdown, Zener diode. Zener diode as voltage stabilizer,Half wave and full wave rectifier,ripple factor, rectification efficiency.

Unit III

Transistor: Bipolar Junction transistors :- n-p-n and p-n-p Transistors. Characteristics of CB, CE Configurations.Current gains α, β and γ and Relations between them. Load Line Analysis of Transistors. DC Load line and Q-point.Physical Mechanism of Current Flow. Active, Cutoff, and Saturation Regions.Amplifiers : – Transistor as an amplifier in CE arrangement.

UNIT-IV

Field Effect Transistor: Construction, working and characteristics of JFET, various parameters of JFET, JFET as anamplifier, Advantage of JFET over BJT. Basic construction of MOSFET and its working, physical explanation ofcharacteristics, enhancement and depletion modes.

Reference Books (Latest Edition): 1. Elements of Electronics (S. Chand) by Bagde M.K., Singh, S.P. & Singh, Kamal (S.Chand and Company LTD).2. Principles of Electronics by Mehta V. K. (S.Chand and Company LTD).3. Electronic Principles by Malvino A.P .( Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing LTD).4. Basic Electronics by Grob Bernard.( Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing LTD).5. Basic Electronics by Thareja B.L. (S.Chand and Company LTD).6. Micro-Electronics (McGraw Hill) by Millman, M.(Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing LTD).


PHY-CC302 : PHYSICS-V LAB

11. To draw forward and reverse bias characteristics of a semiconductor diode.12. To study the Zener Doide volage regulation characteristics.13. To draw common base and common emitter characteristics of a transistor and calculate transistor

characteristics parameters.14. Transistor as voltage Amplifier in C-B Configuration.15. To study the ripple factor in a.d.c. power supply.16. To study the Characteristics of a FET.

Reference Books (Latest Edition): 1. T.D. Kuryachan & Shyam Mohan S.,”Electronics Lab Manual”, Ayodhya publications.2. Walter C. Bosshart ,” Printed Circuits Board Design and manufacturing”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing LTD.


PHY-CC303: PHYSICS-VI (Optics) UNIT-IReview of Basic laws of reflection and refraction, types of mirrors and lenses, The principle of reversibility, Fermat'sPrinciple. Thin-Lens: Thin-Lens Combinations, The Power of a Thin Lens, Thin Lenses in Contact, Derivation of theLens Makers' Formula. Thick Lenses: Focal Points and Principal Points, Conjugate Relations, General Thick-LensFormulas, Nodal Points and Optical Center, Cardinal Points of optical syste

Optical Instruments: The Human Eye, Cameras, Microscopes, Astronomical Telescopes, Eyepieces, Huygens Eyepiece,Ramsden Eyepiece.

UNIT II

Interference of light: The principle of superposition, two-slit interference, Intensity distribution, Displacement offringes. Interference in thin parallel films. Non-reflecting films. Michelson interferometer, its application for precisiondetermination of wavelength, wavelength difference and width of spectral lines. Multiple beam interference, Fabry-Perot interferometer and etalon; Intensity distribution.

UNIT III

Fraunhoffer diffraction: diffraction at a slit, the intensity distribution. Diffraction at a circular aperture. Two slitdiffraction pattern, intensity distribution.

Diffraction gratings: Diffraction at N parallel slits, intensity distribution at an N parallel slits. Plane diffraction gratingResolution of images, Rayleigh criterion, resolving power of telescopic and microscopic systems, resolving power of agrating .

UNIT IV

Fresnel diffraction: Fresnel half-period zones, The Zone-Plate. Diffraction at a circular aperture, Diffraction by astraight edge (analysis using half-period zones). Rectilinear propagation of light.

Polarization: Polarization by reflection, Malus’s law. Double refraction, Refraction in Uni-axial crystals. Opticalactivity, Rotation of plane of polarization. Origin of optical rotation in liquids and in crystals.

Reference Books (Latest Edition):

1. Jenkins and White; “Fundamental of Optics” (McGraw-Hill).

2. A K Ghatak, “Physical Optics” (Tata McGrew Hill).

3. D P Khandelwal; “Optics and Atomic Physics” (Himalaya, Publishing House Bombay).

4. F Smith and JH Thomson; “Manchester Physics sries; Optics” (English Language Book Society and Joh Wiley).

5. Born and Wolf; “Optics” KD Moltey; “Optics” (Oxford University Press).

6.B. K. Johnson, “Optics and Optical Instruments: An Introduction”, , Dover Publications.

7. Eugen Hetch, “Schaum's Outline of Optics” 1st Edition, Mc Graw-Hill Education .

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PHY-CC304 : PHYSICS-VI Lab

8) To determine the dispersive power and Cauchy constants of the material of a prism using mercury source.

9) To determine the wavelength of sodium source using Michelson’s interferometer.

10) To determine wavelength of sodium light using Fresnel Bi-prism.

11) To determine wavelength of sodium light using Newton’s Rings.12) To determine wavelength of (1) Na source and (2) spectral lines of Hg source using plane diffraction

grating.

13) To determine dispersive power and resolving power of a plane diffraction grating.


G. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, Asia Publishing HouseH. Text Book of Practical Physics, I. Prakash & Ramakrishna, KitabMahalI. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, Heinemann Educational Publishers


PHY-CC-305: Mathematics – III

Unit-I

Review of complex numbers system, triangle inequality, Geometric representation of complex numbers, De Moivre’stheorem for rational index and its application. nth roots of unity. Applications to trigonometric functions.

Unit-II

Functions of complex variables, exponential, circular, hyperbolic, inverse hyperbolic and logarithm functions ofcomplex variables. summation of trigonometric series, difference method and C+iS method..

Unit-III

Solid Geometry:General equation of second degree. Tracing of conics. Tangent at any point to the conic, chord ofcontact, pole of line to the conic, director circle of conic. Polar equation of a conic, tangent and normal to the conic.

Sphere: Plane section of a sphere. Sphere through a given circle. Intersection of two spheres, radical plane of twospheres. Cones. Right circular cone, enveloping cone and reciprocal cone.

Cylinder: Right circular cylinder and enveloping cylinder. Central Conicoids: Equation of tangent plane. Directorsphere. Normal to the conicoids. Polar plane of a point. Enveloping cone of a coincoid.

Unit-IV

Parabola: Equation of tangent and normal, pole and polar, equation of chord in terms of middle point, parametricequation of parabola.

Ellipse: Tangents and normals, pole and polar, parametric equation of ellipse, diameter and conjugate diameter.

Hyperbola: Tangents and normals, equation of hyperbola referred to asymptotes as axes.

Reference Books (Latest Edition):9. Complex Trigonometry- M R Puri10. Thomas’s Calculus, Twelfth Edition, Pearson Publisher. 11. Text Book of Higher Mathematics: G B Shah.12. Coordinate Geometry of Conics: M R Puri13. Introduction to Differential Equation- E G Phillips.14. Theory of Equations- W S Burnside and A W Panton. 15. Coordinate Geometry: Ram Balla16. Elementary Treatise on Coordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions, R. J. T.Bill, New Delhi : MacMillan

India17. A Textbook of Analytical Geometry of Three Dimensions. Jain, P.K. and Khalil Ahmad. New Delhi : Wiley

Eastern


GE-301: Chemistry III (Physical Chemistry)UNIT-IDeviation of gases from ideal behavior, van-der Waal's equation of state.Critical Phenomenon: PV isotherms of real gases, continuity of states, the isotherms of vander Waal's equation.Relationship between critical constants and van-der Waal's constants, the law of corresponding states, reduced equationof state. Molecular velocities: Root mean square, average and most probable velocities; qualitative discussion of the Maxwell'sdistribution of molecular velocities. Collision number, mean free path and collision diameter. Liquification of gasesbased on Joule-Thomson effect and adiabatic expansion.

UNIT-II

Liquification of gases based on Joule-Thomson effect and adiabatic expansion. Intermolecular forces. Structure ofliquids (a qualitative description), structural differences between solids, liquids and gases. Liquid crystals:- Differencesbetween liquid crystal, solid and liquid. Classification of liquid crystals based on structure - nematic, smectic andcholesteric phases Thermography and seven segment cell.Colloidal State: Classification of colloids, solids in liquids (sols): Preparation and Properties of colloidal solutions,kinetic, optical and electrical properties. Stability of colloids, protective action, Hardy-Schulze rule and gold number.Emulsions: Types of emulsions and their preparations, oils, soaps and detergents, cleansing action of soaps, CMC andits determination Gels: Classification, preparation and properties, Imbibition and general applications of colloids.

UNIT-IIIForms of solids. Symmetry elements, unit cells, crystal systems, Bravais lattice types and identification of lattice planes.Laws of crystallograhy:- (i) Law of constancy of interfacial angles (ii) Law of rational indices and (iii) Law ofsymmetry. Symmetry elements in crystals, Lattice planes and Miller indices. X-ray diffraction by crystals, derivation ofBragg's equation and its application. Interplanar distances in terms of miller indices. Determination of crystal structureby Laue's method and powder method. Systematic absence of diffraction lines in the X-ray pattern of cubic crystals withreference to NaCI, KCI & CsCI.

UNIT-IIIThe concept of reaction rates. Effect of temperature, pressure, catalyst and other factors on reaction rates. Order andmolecularity of a reaction. Derivation of integrated rate equations for zero, first and second order reactions (both forequal and unequal concentrations of reactants). Half–life of a reaction. General methods for determination of order of areaction. Concept of activation energy and its calculation from Arrhenius equation. Theories of Reaction Rates:Collision theory and Activated Complex theory of bimolecular reactions. Comparison of the two theories (qualitativetreatment only).

Reference Books (Latest Edition):13. The elements of Physical Chemistry ; P.W. Atkins ; Oxford University Press. 14. Principles of Physical Chemistry by B. R. Puri, L. R. Sharma and M. S.Pathania ; S. Chand & Co. 15. A Text Book of Physical Chemistry - Vol. I & II ; K. L Kapoor; MacMillan India Ltd.16. Text Book of Physical Chemistry ; K.K Sharma; Vikas Publishing House. 17. A Text Book of Physical Chemistry ; A.S .Negi & S.C Anand ; Wiley Eastern Ltd. 18. Barrow, G.M. Physical Chemistry Tata McGraw‐Hill.19. Castellan, G.W. Physical Chemistry 4th Ed. Narosa.20. Kotz, J.C., Treichel, P.M. & Townsend, J.R. General Chemistry Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd., New

Delhi.


GE-302: Basic Computer Programming-IIUNIT-IArrays in C language: Two Dimentional Array, initializing Two Dimentional Array,Memory Map of Two DimentionalArray,Pointers and Two Dimentional Array, pointers to an array

UNIT-IIFunctions: user defined functions and library functions, Local and global variables, Parameter passing, pointers , CProcessors, recursions

UNIT-III

Structures and Unions: Declearing Structure, accessing Structure element, how structure elements are stored, array ofStructures, additional features of structure, Uses of Structures, Union, Difference Between structure and Union. BitwiseOperators.

Unit- IV

File: Introduction, Streams and File types, file Operations, File I/O, Low level Disk I/O, Command lineArguments, and Software Interrupts, file manipulation, read, write append, search a word in a file, count words.

Graphics Library: initgraph function, clrscr( ), Pixel Drawing, line( ), circle( ), rectangle(), closegraph(),setcolor(), setlinestyle(), setfillstyle(), floodfill(), C programs to draw line, circle, rectangle and fill color.


10. P. K. Sinha, “ Computer Fundamentals”, BPB Publications.11. Y. P. Kanetkar, “Let us C”, BPB Publications. 12. H.Schildt, “The Complete reference to C”, McGraw-Hill.

GE-304 :Basic computer Programming Lab

Lab Course is based on the syllabus of GE-304 course ( Basic Computer Programming Language through ‘C’. )


SEC- 301 : Data Analysis and Statistics

UNIT I

Preliminaries: A brief review of algebra Equations in one and two variables and their graphical representation.

Number system: Decimal, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal, inter conversion of numbers in binary, Octal, Decimal andHexadecimal systems.

Permutations and combinations:Principles of counting, concept, permutation of objects not all distinct, permutationwhen objects can repeat, circular permutations,

Sequence and Series : Definitions, special types of sequences and series, harmonic progression, arithmetic mean,geometric mean, harmonic mean.

Probability: Probability classical & axiomatic definition of probability, Theorems on total and compound probability

Unit-II

Types of Data, Collection of data: Primary & Secondary data, Classification and Graphical, representation ofStatistical data.

Basic Definitions and Concepts:Presentation of Data Descriptive Statistics, Three Popular Data Displays, Measures ofCentral Location, Measures of Variability Relative Position of Data, Dispersion, Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis.Elementary ideas of Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution and Normal distributions.

Reference Books:

1. A Modern Introduction toProbability and Statistics ;Understanding Why and How, F.M. Dekking C. Kraaikamp, H.P. Lopuhaä, L.E. Meester, Ist Edition Springer.

2. An Introduction to Probability and Statistics, second edition, Wiley

3. Fundamentals of Statistics, S. C. Gupta,Seventh Edition, Himalayan Publishing House


SEMESTER-IV

PHY-CC-401 : PHYSICS-VII (ELEMENTS of MODERN PHYSICS)

UNIT-IStability of atom; Black-body Radiation: Quantum theory of Light, Planck’s quantum, Planck’s constant andlight as a collection of photons; Photo-electric effect and Compton scattering. De Broglie wavelength and matter waves; Davidson-Germer experiment. Wave description of particlesby wave packets. Group and Phase velocities and relation between them. Two-Slit experiment with electrons.Probability. Wave amplitude and wave functions.

UNIT-IIPosition measurement- gamma ray microscope; Wave-particle duality, Heisenberg uncertainty principle,derivation from Wave Packets; Estimating minimum energy of a confined particle using uncertaintyprinciple; Energy-time uncertainty principle- application to virtual particles and range of an interaction.Two slit with photons, atoms and particles; linear superposition principle as a consequence; Matter waves andwave amplitude; Schrodinger equation for non-relativistic particles; Momentum and Energy operators;stationary states; physical interpretation of a wave function, probabilities and normalization

UNIT-IIIParticle in One-dimensional box with infinite walls- energy states; Quantum dot as example; Quantummechanical scattering and tunneling in one dimension-across a step potential & rectangular potentialbarrier.Lasers: Einstein’s A and B coefficients. Meta-stable states. Spontaneous and Stimulated emissions. OpticalPumping and Population Inversion. Three-Level and Four-Level Lasers. Ruby Laser and He-Ne Laser.

UNIT-IVSize and structure of atomic nucleus and its relation with atomic weight; Impossibility of an electron beingin the nucleus as a consequence of the uncertainty principle. Radioactivity: stability of the nucleus; Law of radioactive decay; Mean life and half-life; Alpha decay;Beta decay- energy released, spectrum and Pauli's prediction of neutrino

Fission and fusion- mass deficit,binding energy; Fission - nature of fragments and emission of neutrons.Nuclear reactor: slow neutrons interacting with Uranium 235; Fusion and thermonuclear reactionsdriving stellar energy (brief qualitative discussions).

Reference Books( Latest Edition):

14) Concepts of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, McGraw-Hill.

15) Introduction to Modern Physics, Rich Meyer, Kennard, Coop,, Tata McGraw Hill

16) Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffith, Pearson Education.

17) Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Jewett and Serway, Cengage Learning.

18) Theory and Problems of Modern Physics, Schaum`s outline, R. Gautreau and W. Savin, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.

19) Quantum Physics, Berkeley Physics, Vol.4. E.H.Wichman, Tata McGraw-Hill Co.

20) Basic ideas and concepts in Nuclear Physics, K.Heyde, Institute of Physics Pub.

21) Six Ideas that Shaped Physics: Particle Behave like Waves, T.A.Moore, McGraw Hill


PHY-CC-402: PYSICS-VII LAB

1. Measurement of Planck’s constant using black body radiation and photo-detector2. Photo-electric effect: photo current versus intensity and wavelength of light;maximum energy of photo-electrons versus frequency of light

3. To determine the Planck’s constant using LEDs.4. To determine the value of e/m by (a) Magnetic focusing or (b) Bar magnet.5. To setup the Millikan oil drop apparatus and determine the charge of an electron.6. To determine the wavelength of laser source using diffraction of single slit.7. To determine the wavelength of laser source using diffraction of double slits.8. To determine (1) wavelength and (2) angular spread of He-Ne laser using plane diffraction grating

Reference Books( Latest Edition):

J. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B. L. Flint and H. T. Worsnop, Asia Publishing House

K. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, Heinemann Educational Publishers

L. A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna,Kitab Mahal

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PHY-CC-403: PHYSICS-VIII (ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY)

UNIT-IMaxwell Equations: Review of Maxwell’s equations. Displacement Current. Vector and Scalar Potentials.Gauge Transformations: Lorentz and Coulomb Gauge. Boundary Conditions at Interface between Different Media.Wave Equations. Plane Waves in Dielectric Media. Poynting Theorem and Poynting Vector. ElectromagneticEnergy Density. Physical Concept of Electromagnetic Field Energy Density, Momentum Density and AngularMomentum Density.

Plane EM waves through vacuum and isotropic dielectric medium, transverse nature of plane EM waves, refractiveindex and dielectric constant, wave impedance. Propagation through conducting media, relaxation time, skin depth.Wave propagation through dilute plasma, electrical conductivity of ionized gases, plasma frequency, refractive index,skin depth, application to propagation through ionosphere.

UNIT-IIEM Wave in Bounded Media: Boundary conditions at a plane interface between two media. Reflection & Refractionof plane waves at plane interface between two dielectric media-Laws of Reflection & Refraction. Fresnel's Formulaefor perpendicular & parallel polarization cases, Brewster's law. Reflection & Transmission coefficients. Totalinternal reflection, evanescent waves. Metallic reflection (normal Incidence)

UNIT-IIPolarization of Electromagnetic Waves: Description of Linear, Circular and Elliptical Polarization. Propagation ofE.M. Waves in Anisotropic Media. Symmetric Nature of Dielectric Tensor. Fresnel’s Formula. Uniaxial and BiaxialCrystals. Light Propagation in Uniaxial Crystal. Double Refraction. Polarization by Double Refraction. Nicol Prism.Ordinary & extraordinary refractive indices. Production & detection of Plane, Circularly and Elliptically PolarizedLight. Phase Retardation Plates: Quarter-Wave and Half-Wave Plates. Babinet Compensator and its Uses. Analysis ofPolarized Light

UNIT-IVRotatory Polarization: Optical Rotation. Biot’s Laws for Rotatory Polarization. Fresnel’s Theory of optical rotation.Calculation of angle of rotation. Experimental verification of Fresnel’s theory. Specific rotation. Laurent’s half-shadepolarimeter.

Wave Guides: Planar optical wave guides. Planar dielectric wave guide. Condition of continuity at interface. Phaseshift on total reflection. Eigenvalue equations. Phase and group velocity of guided waves. Field energy and Powertransmission.Optical Fibres:- Concept and Definitions of Numerical Aperture, Step and Graded Indices .Single and MultipleMode Fibres

Reference Books (Latest Edition):18. Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths,Benjamin Cummings.19. Elements of Electromagnetics, M.N.O. Sadiku, Oxford University Press.20. Introduction to Electromagnetic Theory, T.L. Chow, Jones & Bartlett Learning21. Fundamentals of Electromagnetics, M.A.W. Miah, Tata McGraw Hill22. Electromagnetic field Theory, R.S. Kshetrimayun, Cengage Learning23. Electromagnetic Field Theory for Engineers & Physicists, G. Lehner, Springer24. Electromagnetic Fields & Waves, P.Lorrain & D.Corson, W.H.Freeman & Co.25. Electromagnetics, J.A. Edminster, Schaum Series, Tata McGraw Hill.26. Electromagnetic field theory fundamentals, B. Guru and H. Hiziroglu, Cambridge University Press


PHY-CC-404: Physics-VIII Lab

1. To verify the law of Malus for plane polarized light.2. To determine the specific rotation of sugar solution using Polarimeter.3. To analyze elliptically polarized Light by using a Babinet’s compensator.4. To study dependence of radiation on angle for a simple Dipole antenna.5. To determine the wavelength and velocity of ultrasonic waves in a liquid (Kerosene Oil, Xylene, etc.) by studying the diffraction through ultrasonic grating.6. To study the reflection, refraction of microwaves7. To study Polarization and double slit interference in microwaves.8. To determine the refractive index of liquid by total internal reflection using Wollaston’s air-film.9. To determine the refractive Index of (1) glass and (2) a liquid by total internal reflection using a

Gaussian eyepiece.10. To study the polarization of light by reflection and determine the polarizing angle for air-glass interface.

11. To verify the Stefan`s law of radiation and to determine Stefan’s constant.


21. Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, Asia, Publishing House.

22. Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, Heinemann Educational Publishers



PHY-CC-405: Mathematics-IV Unit-I

Eigen values and Eigen vectors of a matrix and their determination. Similarity of matrices. Two similar matrices have the same Eigen values. Algebraic and geometric multiplicity of a characteristic root. Necessary and sufficient condition for a square matrix of order n to be similar to a diagonal matrix. Orthogonal reduction of real matrices, Schur’s theorem.Normal matrices, Necessary and sufficient condition for a square matrix to be unitarily similar to a diagonal matrix.

Unit-II

Quadratic forms: The Kroneckers and Lagrange’s reduction .Reduction by orthogonal transformation of real quadraticforms .Necessary and sufficient condition for a quadratic form to be positive definite. Rank, Index and signature of a

quadratic form. If A= [aij] is a positive definite matrix of order n , then . Gram matrices. The Grammatrix BB is always positive definite or positive semi-definite. Hadmard’s inequality. If B= [bij] is an arbitrary non-

singular real square matrix of order n, then .

UNIT-III

Linear Systems: Matrices, Vectors: Addition and Scalar Multiplication, Matrix Multiplication Linear Systems ofEquations. Gauss Elimination, Linear Independence. Rank of a Matrix. Vector Space Solutions of Linear Systems,Existence of solution, Uniqueness of solution ,For Reference: Second- and Third-Order

UNIT-IV

Matrices and Determinants. Cramer’s Rule, Inverse of a Matrix. Gauss–Jordan Elimination, Vector Spaces, InnerProduct Spaces. Linear Transformations.

Linear Algebra: Matrix Eigenvalue Problems, The Matrix Eigenvalue Problem, Determining Eigenvalues andEigenvectors, Some Applications of Eigenvalue Problems, Symmetric, Skew-Symmetric, and Orthogonal Matrices,Eigenbases, Diagonalization.


17. Shanti Narayan, Theory of Matrices,18. E. Kreyzig,”advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Willey 19. Richard Bellman, Introduction to Matrix Analysis, McGraw Hill Book Company.


GE-401: CHEMISTRY-IV

UNIT-ITransition & Inner-Transition Elements Variation in atomic and ionic sizes, Ionization enthalpies , Variable oxidation states. Standard electrode Potentials ofM2+ / M and M3+ / M2+ systems. Ionic / Covalent and Acidic /Basic character of transition metal compounds in various oxidation states. Stabilization ofunusual oxidation states. Spectral and Magnetic Properties; Calculation and uses of magnetic moment value. Electronic Configuration , Oxidation States , Magnetic Properties and Complexing behavour of inner transitionelements. Cause and Consequences of Lanthanoid / Actinoid Contraction. Separation of Lathanoids:- Fractional Crystallization , Ion–exchange and Solvent extraction methods.

UNIT-IICoordination Compounds Experimental verification of Werner’s theory. Effective Atomic number : Concept and its significance. Stereochemistryof Coordination compounds:- With numbers (2-6); Optical and Geometrical isomers of MA4B2, MA3B3 and MABCDtype Complexes. Bonding in Complexes:- Comparison of valence bond and Crystal field theories ; CFT of tetrahedral ,square planner and octahedral systems. Factors affecting magnitude of Δ; pairing energy and CFSE of weak and strongfield ligands. Limitations of Crystal field theory and the applications of Coordination compounds.

UNIT-IIIChemical Spectroscopy IIntroduction; Born-oppenheimer approximation (statement only); Rotational Spectrum Selection rules, Energy levels ofrigid rotator (semi-classical principles), rotational spectra of diatomic molecules; relative population of rotational levelsand spectral intensity, determination of bond length and isotopic effect.Vibrational spectroscopy: Simple harmonic oscillator (classical and qualitative quantum mechanical treatment);Vibrational spectra of a diatomic molecule, determination of force constant and its relation with bond length and bondenergy. Vibrational degree of freedom. Raman spectroscopy: Polarizability. Stokes and anti-Stoke’s lines-selection rules. Comparison of Raman spectroscopyand IR spectroscopy.Electronic spectroscopy: Types of electronic transitions, Selection rules and Franck-Condon principle.

UNIT-IVBioinorganic ChemistryMetal coordination behaviour of Proteins, Nucleic acids and Lipids. Concept and Criteria for essentiality of elements inliving systems. Distribution and biological role of essential elements in life: Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and halogens. Metalloporphyrins: Structure and Biological role of Haemoglobin, myoglobin & Chlorophyll.Metalo biomolecules, classification and biological functions, Structure and Biological role of Carbonic anhydrase.


13. Concise Inorganic Chemistry ; J.D. Lee; ELBS. 14. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry ; Volume 1; S. Prakash; G.D. Tuli ; S.K. Basu & R.D . Madan; S.Chand &

Company Ltd. 15. Coordination Chemistry; D. Banerjee ; Tata Mc Graw Hill. 16. Concise Coordination Chemistry ; R. Gopalan & V. Ramalingam ; Vikas . 17. Basic Inorganic Chemistry; F. A. Cotton. G. Wilkinson & P.L. Gauss ; Wiley. 18. Inorganic Chemistry ; D. E Shriver; P.W. Atkins & C.H. Langford ; Oxford. 19. Inorganic Chemistry ; Gary Wulfsberg ; Viva;20. Concepts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry ; 3rd edn.; B. Douglas ; D. McDaniel ; J. Alexander ; Wiley ; 21. Vogel’s Text of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis ; J. Bassett ; R.C. Denny ; ELBS.22. Analytical Chemistry ; G. D. Christian ; Wiley ;


GE-402: BASIC NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Unit-I

Arithmetic: Numbers with a decimal or binary point, Examples of binary numbers, Hex numbers , 4-bit unsigned

integers as hex numbers, single precision format, Special numbers, Examples of computer numbers, Inexact numbers ,

Find smallest positive integer that is not exact in single precision, Machine epsilon , double precision format, Round off

error example.

Unit-II

Root Finding: Bisection Method,Newton’s Method Secant Method, Estimate √2= 1.41421356 using Newton’s Method , Example of fractals using Newton’s Method, Order of convergence , Newton’s Method , Secant Method.

Unit-III

Systems of equations: Gaussian Elimination, LU decomposition, Partial pivoting, Operation counts, System of nonlinear equations.

Least-squares approximation, Fitting a straight line, Fitting to a linear combination of functions .

Unit-IV

Integration : Elementary formulas, Midpoint rule, Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule, Composite rules, Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule, Local versus global error. Adaptive integration

Prescribed References:

8. Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers, R. W. Hamming, Dover Publications, Inc, New york.

9. Introductory methods for Numerical Analysis, S. S. Sastry, Prentice Hall of India, 4th edition

10. Introduction to Numerical Methods, Lecture notes, Jeffrey R. Chasnov,

GE-404BASIC NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMING WITH C (LAB)


SEC-401: RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

UNIT-IStatistics on Conventional Energy Sources and Supply in Developing Countries: Definition, Concepts of NCES,Limitations of RES, Criteria for assessing the potential of NCES, Classification of NCES, Solar, Wind, Geothermal,Biomass, Ocean energy sources, Comparison of these energy sources.

UNIT-II

Solar Energy: Definition, Energy available from Sun, Solar radiation data, solar energy conversion into heat, Flat plateand Concentrating collectors, Principle of natural and forced convection, Solar Engines: Stirling, Brayton engines,Photo voltaics: p-n junctions. Solar cells, PV systems, Standalone, Grid connected solar power satellite, Calculation ofenergy through photovoltaic power generation.UNIT-IIIWind Energy: Energy available from wind, General formula, Lift and drag. Basis of Wind energy conversion, Effect ofdensity, Frequency variances, Angle of attack, Wind speed, Windmill rotors, Horizontal axis and Vertical axis rotors,Determination of torque coefficient, Induction type generators, Working principle of wind power plant.UNIT-IV

Nature of Geothermal Sources: Definition and classification of resources, Utilization for electricity generation anddirect heating, Wellhead power generating units. Basic features: Atmospheric exhaust and condensing, Exhaust types ofconventional steam turbines. Pyrolysis of Biomass to produce solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Biomass gasification,Constructional details of gasifier, Usage of biogas for chullas, various types of chullas for rural energy needs.UNIT-VWave, Tidal and OTEC energy, Difference between tidal and wave power generation. Principles of tidal and wavepower generation, OTEC power plants, Operation of small open-cycle experimental facility, Design of 5 MW OTECpro-commercial plant. Economics of OTEC, Environmental impacts of OTEC, Status of multiple product OTECsystems.Suggested Reading:

1. Ashok Desai V, Non-Conventional Energy, Wiley Eastern Ltd, 1990.

2. Mittal K.M, Non-Conventional Energy Systems, Wheeler Publishing Co. Ltd, 1997.

3. Ramesh R, Kurnar K.U, Renewable Energy Technologies, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 1997


The proposed course scheme for fifth and sixth semester are as follows:

Semester-V

No Course code Title of the Course Course Type

Credits


33 PHY-CC501 Physics-IX(Quantum Mechanics)

C 4 40 60

34 PHY-CC502 Physics-IX Lab C 2 20 30

35 PHY-CC503 Physics-X(Solid State Physics)

C 4 40 60

36 PHY-CC504 Physics-X Lab C 2 20 30

37 PHY-CC505 Mathematical Physics-I

C 4 40 60

38 Generic Elective-V


GE-V 4 40 60

39 Generic Elective-VLab/Tutorial


GE-V Lab/Tut

2 20 30

40 Skill Enhancement Course-III

SEC-III 2 20 30


Semester-VI

No Course code Title of the Course Course Type

Credits


41 PHY-CC601 Physics-XI(Nuclear and Particle Physics)

C 4 40 60

42 PHY-CC602 Physics-XI Lab C 2 20 30

43 PHY-CC603 Physics-XII(Statistical Mechanics)

C 4 40 60

44 PHY-CC604 Physics-XII Lab C 2 20 30

45 PHY-CC605 Mathematical Physics-II

C 4 40 60

46 Generic Elective-VI


GE-VI 4 40 60

47 Generic Elective-VILab/Tutorial


GE-VI Lab/Tut

2 20 30

48 Skill Enhancement Course-IV

SEC-IV 2 20 30