Integrated sustainable design for hotels and resorts in Asia

Jeff Robinson

Sustainable Buildings Leader

jeffrey.robinson@aurecongroup.com

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Aurecon and its knowledge of the hospitality sector

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+7,500

staff

+1.0bn

revenue

+38

offices

+83

country footprint

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Our experience – hotels, resorts and casinos

The Colosseum Luxury Suite Hotel,

Cape Town, South AfricaPearl Jeddah, Dubai, UAE

Manhattan Suites Hotel, Century City,

Cape TownKatara Phase IV, Doha, Qatar

Pearl Jeddah, Dubai, UAE

Crowne Plaza Hotel, SingaporeCrown Towers Hotel, Melbourne

The Shanghai Tower, ChinaThe Hilton Hotel,

SydneyCrown Metropole Hotel

Mandela Rhodes Place Hotel, Cape Town

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Our experience – hotels, resorts and casinos

Madinat Jumeirah , Dubai

Holliday Inn Kunming City Centre, China Sun City,South Africia Swatch Art Centre Peace Hotel ,Shanghai

Millenium Hotel Asoke, BangkokBurj Dubai – Old Town Residential: Business

Hotels A & B (Dubai)

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Sustainability is gaining traction in the hospitality sector

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Why is sustainability important in the hospitality sector?

• Sustainability outcomes mean environmental, social and economic outcomes – delivers value in all markets

• Sustainability is a proxy for high quality built environments – that enhance customer experience and help with staff recruitment,

retention and productivity

• Sustainability means inspiring architecture and spaces, with high quality, well-lit, biophilic environments

• Sustainability is a key driver of innovation - encourages lower cost solutions and increase efficiency

• Encourages stakeholder engagement and involvement – builds a strong constituency of support

• Creates market differentiation and generates high levels of earned media

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Many Hotel groups have sought to Brand their sustainability activities to better communicate with their Guests

• PLANET 21: 7 pillars, 21 commitments and objectives in 92 countries

• Hyatt Thrive is Hyatt's global corporate responsibility platform, consisting of programs such as “Meet and Be Green”, responsible purchasing requirements and linen reuse program – click for full list

• Light Stay is Hilton Hotel’s digital performance platform to measure sustainability performance across 200 indicators

• Green engage is IHG’s comprehensive online sustainability system

• Starwood Hotels’ Global Initiatives Program focuses on the environment and the communities they are part of

• Fairmont Hotels’ Green Partnership’s Program focuses on improvements in waste management, sustainability, and energy and water conservation at their properties, and innovative community outreach programs involving local groups and partnerships

• Crown Melbourne’s Eco-Shoots Program, life cycle impact assessment for water, waste and energy use

What are hotels doing when it comes to sustainability?

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Marketing sustainable hotelsExample: Element Hotels by Westin

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Naturally treated Swimming pool facing onto wetland

Marketing sustainable hotels Example: Hotel Verde, Cape Town

Green Wall and separate Hydroponic Garden

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Sustainable tourism is also gaining popularity

The Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC) serves as the international body for establishing and managing standards for sustainable tourism. GSTC recognised standards include:

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“Just look for leaf”

The TripAdvisor GreenLeaders Programme showcases a variety of eco-friendly hotels and B&Bs, from budget to luxury – that are committed to green practices like recycling, water efficiency and alternative energy

Sustainable tourism cont.

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Other sustainability rating tools throughout the world include:

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Global Breakdown of LEED-rated Hotels

% Breakdown of LEED-certified Hotels

LEED Gold Ratings Rating SystemUSA Crosby Street Hotel New Construction

USA The Springs Hotel New Construction

USA h2hotel New Construction

USA Hotel Carlton Existing Buildings

USA Waldorf Towers Hotel Commercial Interiors

USA Orleans Hotel and Arena Existing Buildings

USA Davenport Hotel and Tower Existing Buildings

USA George Mason University Hotel & Conf Ctr New Construction

USA West 42nd Street Hotel & Residence New Construction

USA Kimpton Hotel Monaco - Philadelphia Commercial Interiors

USA Clifton Hotel South Beach New Construction

USA Hotel Indigo at the Rialto Center New Construction

USA CityFlats Hotel - Charter House Holdings New Construction

USA Holiday Inn Hotel & Suites New Construction

USA Hotel Andaluz (La Posada Hotel) New Construction

USA Esquire Hotel New Construction

USA Dallas Convention Center Hotel New Construction

USA Vdara Condo Hotel (CityCenter) New Construction

USA Montage Hotel Beverly Hills New Construction

USA ARIA Hotel Tower (CityCenter) New Construction

CHN EAST Beijing Hotel New Construction

CHN Guiyang Convention Center-Hotel New Construction

HKG Rosedale Hotel Kowloon New Construction

TWN The Riviera Hotel Existing Buildings

COL Aloft Hotel Bogota Airport New Construction

CRI Hotel 6-30 New Construction

DEU Innside Premium Hotel Dresden Existing Buildings

GTM Kawilal Hotel New Construction

LKA Cinnamon Bey Hotel New Construction

UAE Istithmar Budget Hotels LLC New Construction

Snapshot of LEED Gold Rated Hotels

There are a total of 98 LEED certified Hotels listed on the USGBC project directory:

• 20 Certified, 31 Silver, 34 Gold and 13 Platinum

LEED certified hotels

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The Centre for Hospitality Research at Cornell University found in their July 2014 report that the financial performance of 93 LEED-certified hotels compared to that of 514 comparable competitors finds that the certified hotels obtained superior financial performance as compared to their non-certified competitors, for at least the first two years after certification

The impact of LEED certification on hotels

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Integrating sustainable design elements into hotels and resorts

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Minimise operational costs

• Energy

• Water

• Waste (solid & liquid)

• Maintenance

• Parts and equipment

• Resilience

The guest experience

• Maximum comfort (thermal, acoustic, visual and sensory)

• Unobtrusive sustainability

Staff wellbeing

• Maximum comfort

• Superior safety

• Ease of use (plant and equipment)

Key engineering considerations

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Summary of sustainable design strategies

Optimise orientation of building

High quality façade

• Appropriate glazing area, glass performance and shading

• Appropriate levels of insulation, appropriate acoustic properties

• Make buildings air tight

Energy efficient lighting

Energy efficient equipment (e.g. mini bars, audio-visual equipment)

Energy efficient mechanical systems with appropriate zoning

• Energy use in hotels, hotel space typology

• Climate appropriate design

Ongoing monitoring

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Optimise orientation of buildingSustainable buildings start with proper site selection

• Orient buildings to be able to integrate passive and active solar strategies

• Maximise daylight use, balancing potentially higher heating and cooling demand resulting from increased glazing

• Transport oriented design, public transport, cycling facilities and electric vehicle infrastructure

• Maximise the use of existing trees and other vegetation to shade walkways, parking lots, and other open areas

The location of a building affects a wide range of environmental factors – as well as other factors such as security, accessibility, and energy consumption, energy consumed by transportation needs of occupants for commuting, the impact on local ecosystems, and the use/reuse of existing structures and infrastructures

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High quality façade (glazing selection)City Façade Response

Beijing Double or triple glazed, low-e, high visual transmittance, moderate SHGC, thermally broken frames

Shanghai Double glazed, low-e, moderate visual transmittance, moderate SHGC, thermally broken frames

Hong Kong / Macau Double glazing, tinted or clear, moderate visual transmittance, moderate SHGC, thermally broken frames

Singapore Double glazing, tinted or clear, moderate visual transmittance, low SHGC. Single glazing is not permissible under Singaporean building regulations

Shanghai Tower

External automated shadingHotel Eclat Beijing – Triple glazed façade (LEED Platinum)

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Confirm and optimise design performance:

•Daylight penetration

•Daylight glare control

•Thermal comfort

•Space temperature

•Radiant heat

•Humidity

•Air movement and distribution using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for complex

designs

•Energy performance

•Energy sub metering strategy

High quality façade (modelling of building façade)

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Lighting

• LED lighting throughout

• BMS & ‘plugwise’ controls (allowing remote access, monitoring and control

• Integration with graphics and branding is key

Energy efficient lighting

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Energy efficient equipment

• Selecting high efficiency equipment

• Minimising unnecessary stand-by time

• Automated shut-off, smart sensor systems Australia

Singapore

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Energy efficient mechanical systems with appropriate zoning

1. Public Area

Includes areas such as reception hall, lobby, bars, restaurants, swimming pools, etc. Spaces with a high rate of heat exchange with the outdoor environment

• High internal loads (e.g. occupants, equipment and lighting)

2. Service Area

Includes areas such as kitchens, offices, store rooms, laundry, technical facilities etc.

• Energy intensive areas typically requiring advanced air handling (ventilation, cooling, heating)

3. Guest Rooms

Bedrooms, bathrooms/showers and toilets

• Often feature extensive glazing, high thermal losses

• Varying energy loads

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Appropriate HVAC System

Equal need for both Heating and Cooling

Simultaneous Heating & Cooling required in Autumn and Spring (‘Shoulder Months’)

Air-Conditioning equipment will need ;

Heating Hot water pipes

Chilled Water pipes

Ideally provide 4 Pipe Fan Coil Units for bedrooms to maintain optimum comfort conditions

Or Façade Zoned 2 pipe Fan Coil Units

Beijing Climate

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Appropriate HVAC System

Demand for Humidity control – Provided by fresh air system

Simultaneous Heating & Cooling required in Autumn and Spring (‘Shoulder Months’)

Air-Conditioning equipment will need ;

Heating Hot water pipes

Chilled Water pipes

Ideally provide 4 Pipe Fan Coil Units for bedrooms to maintain optimum comfort conditions

Or Façade Zoned 2 pipe Fan Coil Units

Shanghai Climate

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Appropriate HVAC System

Demand for Humidity control

Primarily cooling , with dehumidified air supplied using the fresh air system

Air-Conditioning equipment will need ;

Chilled Water pipes

Electric Reheat

2 Pipe Fan Coil Units with electric reheat for bedrooms required to maintain comfort conditions

Hong Kong Climate

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Appropriate HVAC System

Demand for Humidity control

Primarily cooling , with dehumidification using the fresh air system

Air-Conditioning equipment will need ;

Chilled Water pipes

2 Pipe Fan Coil Units for bedrooms required to maintain comfort conditions

Singapore Climate

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Sub-metering and Monitoring

• Monitor based on building history or simulated targets

• Sub-meters for major plant and energy users

• Categories

•Electricity

•Water

•Thermal energy

Ongoing monitoring

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Additional design elements for enhancing sustainability

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• Generate power using gas and use waste heat for heating and hot water

• Fuel efficiency increase from 30% to 90%

• Lower running costs

• Great opportunity to improve the energy efficiency of existing buildings

• Regulatory, maintenance and cost challenges

Co-generation and tri-generation

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Escalators / Moving Walkways

• Regenerative Drives, regenerative in down direction when under load,

• VVVF Drives enabling precise speed control, acceleration & deceleration

• Sensors to identify no usage and slow or stop units, automatic restart upon traffic entry,

• “Green Chains” employing sealed for life bearings

• LED Decorative Lighting

• Oversize step rollers reducing friction and ultimately improving power consumption

Passenger Lifts

• Regenerative Drives, regenerative in up direction,

• VVVF Drives enabling precise speed control, acceleration & deceleration

• Elevator enters sleep mode during times of no usage, turning off indicators and cabin lights,

• LED Decorative lighting,

• LED indication & button lighting

• Improvements in utilising recycled materials during the procurement process

Vertical transport

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• 15-20% of hotel energy consumption (if full service)

• 16% of hotel water consumption

• Avoiding harsh chemicals, no chlorine,

• Options for ozone systems (no hot water required), reduced cycle times, extended

linen life, superior sanitisation, reduced chemicals (50% cost reduction)

• Reducing water and energy consumption

• Extending linen life

• Water re-use systems to save cost (75% water use reduction)

• Options for continuous batch washers (when 500+ rooms) – uses rinse water for pre-

washing and main suds operation

Laundry

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• High efficiency fittings and automatic controls• Rainwater collection and reuse • Grey water treatment and reuse• Water efficient appliances• Water efficient cooling towers• Collect fire sprinkler test water• Dual flush toilets• Automatic BMS leak detection• Condensate recovery

• Efficient fittings• Minimise hot water use• Heat recovery from HVAC losses• Heat pumps and solar heating

Water generation and energy usage

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•Increased ventilation rates

•Improved air change effectiveness

•Contaminant exhaust

•Low VOC materials

•Formaldehyde minimisation

•Mould prevention

•Non-toxic cleaning products

•Smoke-free policies

Indoor Environment Quality

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• For new furniture (workstations, chairs, tables, storage, floor finishes, partitions, joinery, etc.) to

be as follows:

– 10 years warranty

– Environmental Management System (EMS) Manufacturer

– Eco Preferred Content

– Modular

– Design for disassembly

– High recycled content

– PVC minimisation

– FSC Certified timber

Material use

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Waste reduction and recycling strategies

Give each guest room

a recycling bin

Separate Guests recycled waste

on every floor

Separate out canteen waste

for recyclingImages Courtesy of Crowne Plaza Melbourne

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Waste reduction and recycling strategies cont.

Send used light tubes and bulbs to be disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner

Fluro tubes contain mercury which is

dangerous if left to leach into the

water table

Dead batteries from TV remotes and

doorlocks can be sent to recyclers Get the maintenance dept to wash out

paintbrushes in a special unit which

prevents waste being washed down

the drain

Images Courtesy of Crowne Plaza Melbourne

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• Thermal benefits and HVAC plant / energy reductions

• Supports local ecology and biodiversity

• Potential for food production for F&B

• Links to on-site composting

• Superior stormwater treatment and runoff reduction

• Improved outlook for neighbouring sites

Green roofs and gardens for hotels

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Photovoltaic systems for hospitality

Hotel Tres Reyes (Spain)

Photovoltaic modules installed on north-eastern

façade

Grand Palladium Resort (Jamaica)

Solar integration project, 1.6 megawatt capacity, US$3.4m

Crown Plaza Hotel (Australia, Alice Springs)

Solar integration project, 1.6 megawatt capacity, US$3.4m

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Conclusion

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Conclusion

• There are many opportunities for Hotel and Resort owners and operators to minimise negative environmental and social impacts of their operations, this will save operating costs and make their Hotels and Resorts more attractive to potential customers, as well as helping with staff motivation and retention

• It is cost effective to design new hotels and resorts using sustainable design principles and there are many opportunities to improve the performance of existing buildings

• Different design responses are required for different climates

• We are now in the age of performance which requires partnerships between designers, owners and operators

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