integrated training program for upstream staff

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Training Proposal of 45 Self-Training Organization (STO)

Mobile: 201120828201- +201010443910

www.selftrainingsto.net

Integrated Training Program for Upstream Staff

INTRODUCTION

COMPANY PROFILE: STO is established to support the ever-increasing needs of engineering to be more efficient in the

future challenges. Since its existence, we have successfully delivered a wide range of online consultancy

and individual online courses to various clients at different countries. We aim to provide our customers

with the highest efficient training programs, as well efficient online consultancy against our highly

competitive prices at your favorable time.

Self-Training Organization STO is located in Egypt ( 6z block , 272 St., New Maadi, Cairo).you can

call us at any time on our numbers (+2021120828201/+2021010443910) or E-mail us on

([email protected]), website www.selftrainingsto.net.

Vision STO organization aims to be the best online & onsite training system for development in the middle

east countries .We focus on all technical field engineering problems especially petroleum industry.

Mission We deliver efficient training programs to satisfied clients’ needs. We have an economic price and high-quality

training. Our focus is to develop people regarding the market requirements.

TRAINING INSTRUCTOR / TECHNICAL TEAM: 1- Mohamed Shihataa – Instructor of Petroleum Exploration in Geophysics and Geology

2- Mostafa Haggag - Instructor of Petrophysics & Petroleum Geology

3- Mohamed Farahat – Instructor of Reservoir Modelling

4- Mohamed Raaft – Instructor of Reservoir Modelling & Simulation

5- Ahmed Abdel Razik – Instructor of Reservoir Modelling & Simulation

6- Mohamed Abdel Fattah – Instructor of Reservoir Modelling

http://www.selftrainingsto.com/

mailto:[email protected]


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7- Mohamed Hosin – Instructor of Drilling & Production

8- Sameh Derdeiry – Instructor of Chemical & Refining

TRAINING PROGRAM OBJECTIVES The unique technique in this integrated program is to compile all upstream staff (geoscientists and petroleum engineers), as well as all operating companies in the State of Libya. The program consists of twelve courses Designed in a professional sequence to deliver consistent, high quality, learning and development training program to build up competent petroleum professionals in the upstream industry. This Training Contract is six months, 26 weeks including two phases: • Phase one is designed to increase awareness of trainees particularly petroleum engineers and Geoscientists in general science and the applied techniques used in upstream companies. • Phase two is focused to improve knowledge of trainees in different skills to increase their production efficiency and to develop their performances. In addition to this is to improve their soft skills and their communication that enhances their management skills • TRAINING SESSIONS: Our training sessions are precisely planned by our trainers and they are well designed in the manner that gears and maximize our efficiency. We respect your valuable time as well as our, so we consider our goal is to offer the best of our training programs during your favorable time. • Work shop (software) • Training on project • Hand on • Offline courses • Training on job • Discussion • Cases Studies • Exercises • Practical software • Videos /animation


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TRAINING OUTLINE:

1. Phase I: Awareness, duration 3 Months for 13

courses. This phase aims to increase engineers’ awareness and geoscientists

Geo-Science Program 1. Development Geology

Day 1

Introduction & Course Overview, The energy business, development projects, subsurface data

Scope of the energy/oil & gas business

Oil and gas development projects

Film – Partners for Progress

Robin Field Team Exercise 1, project activities planning

Petroleum Geology Introduction, exercise correlation

Day 2

Subsurface Models, Input Data and Concepts

Seismic data gathering, processing and interpretation

Exercises: Robin Field Exercise 2 – Field Appraisal planning

Structural types, traps, fault seals, maps and sections

Robin Field Exercise 3, Correlation

Clastic sedimentary environments

Robin Field Exercise 4, Seismic well data structural map, cross section

Day 3

Measurements and Evaluation of Subsurface Data

Basic well technology, horizontal wells, well data

Log and core data, uncertainties and mapping

Robin Field Exercise 5, net sand mapping

Carbonate reservoirs

Subsurface pressures, with exercise

Pressure exercise, Robin Field Exercise 6, Contacts

Day 4

Subsurface Development Options

Volumetrics, subsurface uncertainties

Robin Field Exercise 7 Volumetrics

Subsurface development planning

Robin Field Exercise 8, static and dynamic models

Field Operations, Well Deisgn, Geological Input


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Day 5

Field Operations and Development Field Operations, Well Design, Geological input

Field studies, examples

Film – Offshore Development – Troll Field (optional)

Robin Field Exercise 9 Surface Development Options, Project Planning, Phased Costs

Impact of Subsurface Uncertainty on Project Economics

Basic project economics and financial performance indicators

Exercises The Robin Field Project 10 EconomicsDetermine project economics and sensitivities using an Excel economics

spreadsheet

2. Prospect Evalation, Risks and Volumetrics

Day 1

Prospect Evalation

Geological controls of oil and gas occurrence: their impact on exploration risk and success

Review of common assessment methods: selection of the most practical approach

Application of volumetric prospect assessments: techniques, comparative data, and graphs to estimate input factors, such

as trap volume, porosity, net/gross saturation, hydrocarbon fill fraction,

Day 2

Resources and Reserves calculations

Introduction

Overview of Resource Classification System in view of SPE PRMS latest guidelines

Deterministic Reserves Estimation Methods

Analogy

Volumetric

Recovery Factors

Day nine of this course will begin with an introduction and a basic overview of Resource Classification System in view

of SPE PRMS latest guidelines. Participants will lstart discussing the traditional reserves estimation methods; analogy

and volumetric methods will be covered in day 8

Day 3 Reserves Estimation and Link to Project Economics Deterministic Reserves Estimation Methods (continued)

Material Balance Analysis

Classical Decline Curve Analysis

Advanced Decline Curve Analysis

Reserves: Link to Project Economics and Valuation


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On this day participants will continue discussing the reserves estimation methods. Material Balance Analysis and

Decline Curve Analysis will be covered in day the participants will also learn how project economics are linked to

reserves

Day 4

Deterministic Field Example Deterministic Analysis on an Example Field

Basics of Descriptive Statistics

On day 11 participants will go through deterministic resource and reserves analysis and estimation on an example field.

Basics of descriptive statististics will also be covered. Day 5

Statistics, Probability, and Uncertainty Basic Probability and Operations with Probabilities

Probability Distributions

Expected value

Probailistic Reserves Estimation

Probabilistic Reserves Estimation (continued)

Monte Carlo Simulation

On this day participants will learn about probability and uncertainty that are associated with reserves. Day four will also

cover the expected value of a reserve and the decision tree.

3. Practical Geostatistics for reservoir eng. And Geoscientists with Petrel Course Contents:

Day-1:

Objectives of construct 3D earth Model- Presentations

Earth Modeling in theory and applications (Background, Responsibilities, & Workflow)- Presentations

Software applications ”Introduction”- User manual - Software interface-

Data import – “Exercises” Data loading of main discipline, Displaying, & Creation’s Curves/Facies/Layering required for

conceptual modeling setting.

Day-2:

Fundamentals of Reservoir characterization’s (Facies barriers, & Hydraulic donations) - Presentations

Software’s application – Seismic interpretation – Mapping – well correlation

Geology’s module (X-sections) & Geophysical module (Time/depth domain surfaces, & faults)

Day-3:

Software- Demo

Fault modeling construction.


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3D empty structural modeling workflow- Structural Framework process, Segmentation/compartmentalization’s, Domain

Conversion, Make zones, & Layering.

Day-4:

Software- Demo

Construction 3D Structural modeling- continued

Geometrical modeling- Cell inside out, Cell angel, QC

Upscale well logs- Discreet & continuous

Geostatistics methods and techniques

Facies Modeling

Petrophysical Modeling

Day-5 :

Continue – Property distribution

Petrophysics -Make Contacts

Vol

4. Application of borehole imaging to Hydrocarbon

Training Course Content Borehole Imaging and Dipmeter; Principles, Processing and Interpretation

Borehole image is one of the most important logging tools because of its high resolution

measurement and the different answer products that can This training will introduce a detailed

explanation about dipmeter analysis and the different types of bore hole images either wireline or

LWD.

During this training the audience will get familiar about borehole image: types, physical principles,

processing parameters, geological interpretation and all types applications.

Introduction about borehole image history and physical principles.

Dipmeter and borehole images fundamentals for both wireline and LWD tools.

Dip computation methods (automatic and manual dip picking techniques).

Practical exercises on dipmeter logs interpretation.

Practical exercises on how to compute dips from borehole image.

Understanding of dynamic & static normalization and generation.

Borehole image feature types i.e. geological, drilling related and artefacts.

Natural fractures identification and classifications.

Dip pattern representation, for both structural and stratigraphic influences.

Sedimentary structures from borehole image, for clastic and non clastic facies.

Practical exercises on image interpretation and dip extractions using software.

5. Core Analysis (Routine and Scal) and Data interpretation. How to use them


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Outlines Day 1

Coring objectives, techniques, types and sizes

Core handling, sample selection and non-destructive characterisation techniques

Conventional core analyses

Storage capacity

Day 2

Permeability and transmissibility

Mineralogy

Saturation determination

Capillarity

Displacement tests and methods

Specialised tests

Day3: Hydraulic Flow units and reservoir quality assessment

Petrophysical rock typing based on microfacies and petrophysical analysis.

Dykstra Parson, R35 and SML techniques

Reservoir quality index, RQI

Flow Zone Index, FZI.

Formation evaluation and ranking using the RQI, FZI, NPI and RPI.

Hydraulic flow unit concept, HFU.

Reservoir zonation based on HFUs. Workshop.

Day 4: Electric Properties and Archie’s parameters Apparent and true electric resistivity.

Formation resistivity factor (FRF).

Factors controlling the electric properties.

Irreducible water saturation (Swirr) and resistivity index (RI).

Determination of Archie’s parameters, a, m and n.

Day 5: Wettability and MICP Tests; Concepts and Applications SCAL tests overview, needs and applications.

Relative permeability measurement and applications.

Wettability Index using Amott, USBM and combination.

Different Mercury Injection Tests (porous plate, centrifuge, and MICP); theory and applications. Reservoir ranking and quality discrimination based on MICP.

- Case studies


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6. Advanced formation Evaluation in Sandstone and Carbonates

Course Outlines: DAY ONE:

THEORTICAL PART Introduction to Geology:

Petroleum System – Elements & Processes.

Basic Concepts.

Fundamentals of well logging:

Well Logging interpretation concepts & Logging Evolution.

Well Logging Setup.

Data types and Integration.

PRACTICAL PART IP history & setup.

Review Interactive Petrophysics database structure.

Load log and core data.

View & customize data in log plot displays.

Display data in crossplots and histograms.

Create regressions of data.

Generate user formulas.

Edit log data; including hand edit, splice and depth shift. DAY TWO:

THEORTICAL PART Mechanical Tools:

Caliper (CAL).

Lithology Tools:

Temperature Log.

Spontaneous potential.

Gamma Ray.

PRACTICAL PART Apply environmental corrections.

Show workflow to normalize data.

Create true vertical depth computations.

Add formation zone tops.

Review zone linking functionality.

Lithology interpretation.

DAY THREE:


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THEORTICAL PART Porosity Tools:

Sonic tools.

Density tools & LDT.

Neutron tools.

Lithological Identification Using (Neutron-Density) Combination.

PRACTICAL PART

Determination of fundamental parameters.

Text curve, picture curve,…..

Temperature Curve.

Shale volume calculations.

Determination of clay minerals using cross plots.

Rw determination using different methods.

Porosity models & calculation methods.

Saturation models & calculation methods.

DAY FOUR:

THEORTICAL PART

Resistivity Tools:

Induction logs.

Laterologs.

Micro logs.

High-Resolution Induction Tools.

Array Induction Tools.

PRACTICAL PART Cut-off and Summation.

Cross plots for Lithology, porosity and oil/water/gas saturation.

Reserve estimation & recoverable Sh calculations.

Quanti.Elan (Mineral solver analysis).

Fuzzy logic.

Neural network. DAY FIVE:

Geometric framework of the reservoir interpretation with different wells examples on softwar

7. Applied Structural Geology in Hydrocarbon Systems Analysis

Basins


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Creation of traps and impacts on reservoirs

Seals (pressure/hydrocarbon)

Drilling/Production

Structural geology basics

Definitions and terminology

Structural families

Motivations for understanding geomechanics

Imaging and depicting structural features

Outcrops, geological maps, satellite images

Wells, subsurface maps and cross sections

Seismic surveys

Practical: Completion of cross section and structure contour map

Basics of seismic imaging

Practical: Seismic interpretation exercise

Rock mechanics and structural geology

Stress, strain, and their relationships

Laboratory testing

Effective stress

Yielding and post-failure behaviours

Textures of deformed rocks and relationship to deformation mechanisms

Practical: estimation of petrophysical properties of deformed rocks

Finite deformations / plasticity theory

Successes and failures of 20th Century rock mechanics

What are the issues? sealing, trapping, flow / shapes, sequences, patterns

Why are rocks deformed?

Where are rocks deformed?

Role of modelling

Physical

Mathematical

Practical: simple stress states

Deformation Environments

Compaction in basins

Diapirs / buoyancy-driven processes

Passive (extending) margins

Contractional (thrust) margins

Transcurrent (wrench) margins

Interior basins

Practical: group identification of geomechanical issues in selected examples

Basin formation and geodynamics

Reservoir depletion

Day 4: Common Structural Elements


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Fault zones

Flexural-slip folding

Fracture processes

Fracture and fault distributions

Fractured reservoirs

Practical: fractured reservoirs interpretation

Fault seal predictions

Practical: fault-seal predictions

Overpressure

Caprock failure

Role of basement and its relationship to the sedimentary cover

Day 5: Practical Approach to Exploration

Roles of deformation in the Hydrocarbon System

Basin scale

Reservoir scale

Localization of deformation

Exploration targets

Typical distributions

Relationship to lithological variations

Spatio-temporal variations of deformation characteristics

Within the Hydrocarbon System context

Structural features on seismic: interpretation pitfalls, rules

Practical: Prospect interpretation

8. Seismic Processing for Interpreters and

Others

Course content

Zero-offset reflection coefficients and reflection coefficients’’ amplitude

dependence with offset

Simple imaging using zero-offset data, with the use of the NMO equation

and Dix interval velocities

Concept of zero-offset migration

Artifacts introduced by migrating incomplete data, including 2D data

Role of velocity in migration


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Kirchhoff and reverse-time, zero-offset migration algorithms

Fourier transform (amplitude and phase), convolution and correlation

Normal moveout correction and stack to convert data to zero offset

Estimation of stacking velocities

NMO and stack’s failures

Kirchhoff before-stack migration

Three imaging conditions and before-stack, wave-equation migrationalgorithms

Anisotropic migration

Velocity analysis for depth migration, including tomography with

attention to salt-related velocity analysis

Full-waveform inversion

Simplistic time migration

Extended imaging condition and migration velocity analysis

Multiple attenuation and role of wide-azimuth acquisition geometry in

multiple attenuation

Dipping multiples

Statics, land and marine

Amplitude corrections

1-D and 2-D filtering, including f-k filtering

Wavelets and deconvolution

Vertical seismic profile as a phase tool

The Fresnel zone

Improving spatial resolution

Improving resolution of depth estimation

Sample processing sequences

Ramifications of processing decisions

Noise

9. VSP

Day 1

Course Pre-test.

Geophysical Principles

The seismic method-seismic response-basic concepts-reflection and refraction-velocity-seismogram -

borehole vs surface seismic-types of borehole seismic.

Sources and Tools

Impulsive Sources (Airguns) - control systems - Non-impulsive sources (Vibros). Borehole seismic

tools, classifications, characteristics - CSI and VSI


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Day 2

Checkshot Sonic Calibration and Well Tie

Velocities - The Sonic Tool - Sonic Scanner - Checkshot Survey - Drift - Sonic Calibration and

Synthetic Seismogram

VSP Processing

Multiples - Processing Sequence - Stacking, Normalization & Filtering - Upgoing and Downgoing

Energy - Deconvolution - Corridor Stack

Day 3

VSP Processing - Anisotropy and AVO

Phase Matching - estimation of Q-Factor - concepts of anisotropy - Thomsen Parameters - AVO

calibration - parameters from walkaway and walkaround VSP - parameters from other sources

VSP Imaging

Offset VSP coverage - Data Processing - NMO/CDP mapping - GRT migration - Walkaway VSP

coverage - VSP in deviated wells - 2D and 3D VSP

Day 4

Survey Design and Modeling

Practical and theoretical modeling concerns - basic modeling - ray tracing modeling

Reservoir, Production, and Drilling Applications

Salt proximity surveys - Aplanatic method - Deeplook CS - Time-Lapse BHS surveys - single well

survey - seismic while drilling (SWD) - Look-ahead VSP - Borehole Microseismic surveys

Day 5

Examples

Exercises

Case Histories

Course post-test

10. Seismic data depth imaging processing

Course content


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Day 1

Building an Initial Model

Methods for building initial models

Preparation of initial velocity model (clipping and smoothing)

Initial model QC

At the end of this session the student will be able to understand an initial depth imaging model from

provided inputs. They will be able to QC the initial model .

Day 2

Isotropic Tomographic Updating (Part 1)

Kirchhoff Depth Migration

Data conditioning for CIP picking process

CIG Picking

CIG Diff

TOMOGRAPHY

At the end of this session the student will be able to understand an isometric tomography sequence.

They

will be able to explain the key components of the tomography.

Day 3

Isotropic Tomographic Updating (Part 2)

RMO QC and RMO QC tool (Volumetric QC and PSI)

Tomographic QC and update (Tomographic QC tool)

Key assumptions and limitations of the tomographic process

At the end of this session the student will be able to QC an isometric tomography sequence. They

will be

able to QC and perform an isotropic tomographic update of an initial model and migrate the updated

model and QC the results.

Day 4

Understanding Anisotropy (Part 1)

Review concept of anisotropy

Anisotropy and symmetry classes

Building a TTI anisotropic depth model


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At the end of this session the student will be able to explain the concept of anisotropy and the impact

of

anisotropy on the depth imaging process.

Day 5

Understanding Anisotropy (Part 2)

Conversion of initial model to anisotropic TTI model

Methods for determining anisotropic property fields

At the end of this session the student will be able to understand and QC an anisotropic TTI depth

imaging

model. They will be able to explain the basic methods used to derive anisotropic property fields and

use

Day 6

Conventional Smoothing Filters in Anisotropic Tomography Round 1 (Part 1)

filters in tomography

Anisotropic tomographic updating

At the end of this session the student will be able to explain the role of smoothing filters in

tomography

and how to QC them. They will be able to execute the anisotropic tomography sequence, CIP pick,

RMO

QC, dip estimation and QC, and derive the tomography equations.

Day 7

Anisotropic Tomography Round 1 (Part 2)


At the end of this session the student will be able to complete the first round of anisotropic

tomographic

update and QC. They will be able to update the initial TTI anisotropic model, QC results and migrate

the data.

Day 8

Anisotropic Tomography Round 2 (Part 1)


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Understanding migration algorithms


At the end of this session the student will be able to carry out the second round of the anisotropic

tomography sequence, CIP pick, RMO QC, dip estimation and QC and derivation of tomography

equations. They will be able to explain the merits of the different migration algorithms.

Day 9

Anisotropic Tomography Round 2 (Part 2), Well Section Window

Understanding multi azimuth tomography


Well Section Window – velocity model and pre-stack data QC

1D anisotropic model calibration

At the end of the session the student will be able to complete the second round anisotropic

tomographic

update, QC it and migrate the data. They will be able to explain the basics of multi azimuth

tomography.

Day 10

Review and Presentation of Final Results

Presentation of final results

In this closing session we will review and present the final results. Students present their own results

and

learn the appropriate process for presenting final results for a depth imaging project.

11. Practical Depth Conversion and Depth Imaging for the Interpreter course

Day 1:

Day 1:

Topic 1: Seismic History, Theory of Elasticity, Seismic Waves, Seismic Wave Propagation, Industrial Seismic Applications.

Seismic Reflections & Seismic Refractions; Fundamentals & Principals Seismic record events (features) Reflected Energy Limitations Interactive demonstration Apparent Velocity & True Velocity Reflections’ Spread Length determination principal Discussions


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Topic 2: Field Parameters

Data Multiple Fold Coverage Miscellaneous Fold Coverage Cases How to Maintain Full Fold Coverage Survey design: Acquisition parameters Obstacles’ Over-shooting/Under-shooting & Blended-shooting Onshore/Offshore Exercises

Day 2:

Topic 3: Well Operations

VSP, Vertical Seismic Profiling VSI, Vertical Seismic Imager Case History Walk-Away Walk-Away Design and offsets Synthetic Seismogram Miscellaneous Cases

Topic 4: Vibroseis Technique

Vibroseis Theory, Correlation Vibroseis Similarity test analysis, Quality Control; Miscellaneous examples Vibroseis Quality Control; Miscellaneous examples

Topic 5: Field Operations

Onshore seismic services, Land seismic crew Seismic Program, Seismic equipment, Equipment maintenance and Rotation Personal field equipment. How to QC? How to accept or reject? The clues Recording Equipment Audit. Source energy test. Field parameters and procedures. What to decide? Discussions

Day 3: Topic 6: Field Procedures’ Management

Prevent any environment impacts; maintain zero footprint and Zero Accidents Report Achieve to accomplish the project with zero accidents Consider installations and facilities Maintain firm liaising with the client. Ensure proper reporting to Client. Maintain close contacts and firm relations with relevant authorities to ensure safe and successful operations.. Maintain logic principles during all sorts of communications; be optimistic. Maintain high management levels considering cost/time/quality/risk factors affecting the project. Achieves to accomplish the project with zero accidents Insure that the obtained seismic information has a value Time-share operations. Case History Reporting; Daily, Monthly and Final. Discussions

Day 4:

Topic 7: Seismic Data Preliminary Field Processing Sampling Static Corrections NMO and Dynamic Corrections DMO Seismic Data Migration


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PSTM PSDM Fresnel Zone Vertical and Horizontal Resolution Migration aperture

Topic 8: HSE regulations HSE: Health, Safety and Environment regulations Meet the demands of seismic operations

Topic 9: Offshore OBC - OBN Seismic Data Acquisition Energy sources – properties of air-guns Wave-field receivers – properties of hydrophones Planning of OBC 2D and 3D offshore surveys, Positioning System Characteristics of dual-sensors and their combined effect Oceanic Nodes, OBN Types and advantages, Multi Component Multi Azimuth, Wide Azimuth, Broad Band, High Resolution, Reservoir Characterization, P-Wave, P-S Wave. Vital safety precautions, maintain coordination with all diving operations in the vicinity, vessel welding or vessel repair

jobs prior to run data acquisition. Comprehend the program’s priorities and Standby cases. Communicate with related authorities.

Topic 10: Miscellaneous field case histories

Answering free questions and finalizing the course. It is highly recommended to accompany your personal laptop to run the demonstration files, to run the exercise files and

to copy some other files

12. Seismic Interpretation

Course Outline:

Day 1:

What we need to success interpretations

Basic geophysical Background

Introduction for 2D &3D processing-acquisation

Exercise

Building project Data base

QC seismic data and well data

Data loading

Day 2

Well seismic tie

Synthetic seismogram theory

Integration well logs with seismic section

Problems of well tie

Exercise using software

Well seismic tie

check shot sonic integration

Day 3

Horizons and faults interpretations

Theory pf Gridding and mapping (contour)

Seismic attributes for structure interpretations


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Exercises horizons slices

Exercise:

Practical session OF Horizon picking and Fault picking

Day 4

Theory of Time depth conversion

How to generate different workflow for depth conversion

velocity modeling

Exercise:

Practical session of Depth conversion

Practical session of mapping and contouring

Day 5

Seismic Attributes

Spectral Attributes Relative Acoustic Impedance Supervised Classification Exercise

Spectral Decomposition – Reservoir Thickness Estimate and Spectral Attributes Exercise

13. D Seismic Attributes for Prospect Identification (Petrel, open detect software,Paleoscan )

Day 1

Review Of Seismic Structural And Stratigraphic Interpretation

Introduction for Seismic Attributes

Complex trace, horizon, and formation attributes Mathimatical Meaning Of Seismic Attributes

Physical Meaning Of Seismic Attributes

Seismic Attribute Application Trends

Seismic Attribute Methodology

Exercises

Window attributes application, surface attributes application to detect faults and geobodies.

Day 2

Data Preconditioning for seismic attributes analysis

Image enhancement for fault extraction.

Impact of acquisition and processing on seismic attributes

Complex Trace.

Instantaneous attributes.

Exercise

Physical attributes for geobodies detection.

Practical exercises compare between physical attributes for geobodies detections.

Application of Physical attributes for Stratigraphic interpretation.

Day 3

Spectral Decomposition

RGB Spectral Decomposition algorithms

DHI attributes

Geometric attributes


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Gulf Of Mexico FIELD (software application )

Software application case studies thin channel detection using SD attributes

Software application case study DHI detection

Application of RGB to detect geobodies

Day4

Attribute expression of tectonic deformation

Attribute expression of clastic depositional environments

Application of geometric structure detections

Gulf Of Mexico FIELD (software application )

Software application case studies faults detection using attributes

Day5

Attribute expression of carbonate deposition environments

Seismic chronostratigraphy

Direct and indirect estimates of fractures and horizontal stress

Case Study North Sea Field (software application )

Seismic sequence stratigraphic workflow using attributes

Geometric attributes workflow for faults detection

Day6

Attribute expression of carbonate deposition environments

Anti-tracking and new faults attributes

Hybrid attributes new generation of seismic attributes

Attribute expression of shallow stratigraphy and drilling hazards

Day 7


anti tracking and faults attributes

Software application case study channel detection using different geometric attributes

Application geometry attributes for sequences stratigraphic

Day 8

Acoustic impedance attributes interpretation n

Artificial intelligent and machine learning

Seismic Attribute Analysis using Geostatistical Methods

Exercise post stack inversion using software

Day 9

3-D multiattribute display and visualization

New auto faulting interpretation using new faults attributes

Geobodies extraction methods from seismic attributes

Calibration attributes with wells logs


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Interactive multiattribute analysis

Day 10


Application case studies using multiattributes to detect geobodies and faults.

Multi-Attributes For Enhancing Gas Chimney Image

Fault Image Enhancement

Day11

Introduction · What is AI why we need it?

· Applications of AI in petroleum exploration

· Historical of AI in petroleum

· Mathematical & physical meaning of AI

· Software application in AI

· Summery

Day 12

Applications of AI in Geophysics

• Unsupervised Learning (K-means Mixture, ModelsKohonen Self-Organizing Map

AI applications in Faults & Geobody interpretations

Facies classification from seismic

Multi attributes application using AI

Workshop for facies classification

Workshop for geobody extraction

Summery

Exercises

Excercises

Exercises

AI applications in Petroleum exploration

Summery

14. SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY: CONCEPTS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS FOR

PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION (welllogs, core , seismic)

Phase I Geological sequence stratigraphic Day 1


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• Welcoming speech and course presentation

• Stratigraphy concept according to the international code of Stratigraphy

• including litho.- and biostratigraphy.

• Recent developments in the Geological Time Scale

• Sequence stratigraphy and its role in petroleum exploration

Day 2

• Sedimentary environments and their determination from logging

• stratigraphy,

• facies types and

• chemostratigraphy

• Tectonostratigraphy

• Case study and application

Day 3

• Basin Molding

• Relative Sea-level, tectonics, and eustasy

• Application

Day 4

Field trip to the western side of the Gulf of Suez

Departure from Cairo early in the morning, 7:30 am, by field cars via Maadi –

Ain Sukna road, reaching first stop at Khashm el Galala nearly at 9:30 am,

surface and subsurface geology of the area from Sukhna to Zafarana through

selected stops as follow.

Stops:

Khaskm El-Galala (Jurassic)

Carboniferous and Permo-Triassic rocks and their unconformities.

Aptian-Alpian Malha Formation near the type locality and determine the

Kaolin deposited directly below the sequence boundary

Effects of the tectonically Syrain Arc System on the lateral facies changes

between the two Galala Plateaus.

Day 5

• Stratigraphic correlation, which helps geologists solve real-world

• problems in the exploration for and production of resources.

• Regional and global comparisons to distinguish tectonic events from the

• eustatic signatures in regional and global schemes.

• Case study and discussionDay 5

• Performing sequence analysis on core in different siliciclastics environment

• Identification if key sequence stratigraphic surfaces in core.

• Case study using core for sequence stratigraphic analysis.


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• Introduction to sequence biostratigraphy.

Phase II seismic sequence stratigraphic using software (opendtect,

paleoscan) Day 6

• Seismic sequence analysis: recognition and meaning of reflection terminations such as onlap, offlap,

toplap etc.

• Seismic facies analysis and how reflection configurations can be used to interpret environments of

deposition, risk of reservoir presence and quality, and net/gross.

Comparison between seismic stratigraphy and stratigraphic interpretation

• Sequence and Seismic Stratigraphy

• Seismic stratigraphic Types

• concept of seismic sequence stratigraphic

• seismic patterns

Day 7


• Seismic Geomorphology: Differences between seismic time slices, horizon and stratal slices.

• The workflow for interpretation, range of seismic attributes in 2D and 3D stratigraphic features using

seismic attributes

Day 8

Training on project using software

• New workflow for detectiion sequence stratigraphic from seismic data

• Applied workflow to extract geobodies feature from 2d and 3D data

• Generation stacked horizons for different sequences Sarfuces

• Integration DHI and seismic sequences statigraphic

Day 9

• Practical sequence stratigraphic workflow Direct Hydrocarbon Indicators (DHI)

• Geomorphology and Stratal Slicing for different environments

• Chronostratigraphy& wheeler Diagram

• Automatic Generating a seismic Wheeler diagram

Day 10

• Spectral Decomposition to detect thin channel

• RGT history

• Software supplication for generation RGT


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• Geobody extractions

15. Reservoir characterization using seismic inversion, AVO and Rock physics Petrel -

HampsonRussell

Course Outline:

Day 1:

What we need to success interpretations

Basic geophysical Background

Introduction for 2D &3D processing-acquisation

Exercise

Building project Data base

QC seismic data and well data

Data loading

Day 2

Well seismic tie

Synthetic seismogram theory

Integration well logs with seismic section

Problems of well tie


Well seismic tie

check shot sonic integration

Day 3

Horizons and faults interpretations

Theory pf Gridding and mapping (contour)

Seismic attributes for structure interpretations

Exercises horizons slices

Exercise:

Practical session OF Horizon picking and Fault picking

Day 4

Theory of Time depth conversion

How to generate different workflow for depth conversion

velocity modeling

Exercise:

Practical session of Depth conversion

Practical session of mapping and contouring

Day 5

Seismic Attributes


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Spectral Attributes Relative Acoustic Impedance Supervised Classification Exercise

Spectral Decomposition – Reservoir Thickness Estimate and Spectral Attributes Exercise

Reservoir Modelling

16. Integrated 3D reservoir Modelling

Day-1:

Objectives of construct 3D earth Model- Presentations

Earth Modeling in theory and applications (Background, Responsibilities, & Workflow)- Presentations

Software applications ”Introduction”- User manual - Software interface-

Data import – “Exercises” Data loading of main discipline, Displaying, & Creation’s Curves/Facies/Layering required for

conceptual modeling setting.

Day-2:

Fundamentals of Reservoir characterization’s (Facies barriers, & Hydraulic donations) - Presentations

Software’s application – Seismic interpretation – Mapping – well correlation

Geology’s module (X-sections) & Geophysical module (Time/depth domain surfaces, & faults)

Day-3:

Software- Demo

Fault modeling construction.

3D empty structural modeling workflow- Structural Framework process, Segmentation/compartmentalization’s, Domain

Conversion, Make zones, & Layering.

Day-4:

Software- Demo

Construction 3D Structural modeling- continued

Geometrical modeling- Cell inside out, Cell angel, QC

Upscale well logs- Discreet & continuous

Geostatistics methods and techniques

Facies Modeling


Day-5 :

Continue – Property distribution

Petrophysics -Make Contacts

Volumetric calculations

17. Petrel structural Modelling Day 1

What is Structural Modeling?

Structural Modeling in E&P Workflow

Challenges

Types of structural modeling

Surface-based modeling

Volume-based modeling (VBM)

Advantages of VBM

Prerequisites for VBM


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Case studies

Workflow

Extensional Structure

Compressional Structure

Stratigraphy

Prepare your fault input data:

Cut the fault sticks at reservoir level

Organize faults in folder by areas

Re-name faults with short names

Day 2

Structural framework

The Concept of Volume Based Modeling

Generate the Fault framework

Fault framework while interpreting

Boundary definition and Horizon modeling

Horizon filtering attribute

Refine and create zone model

Troubleshooting

Depospace

Structural gridding

Day 3

Corner Point Gridding

Data preparation

Modeling of main faults

Adjust workflow to quality of input

Use automated conversion whenever possible

Use manual conversion when low quality input

Use simple pillar geometry initially (linear)

Day 4


Pillar gridding

Make horizons

Connect faults by areas

Use auto-connection only on small simple models!

Review modeled faults against:

Fault sticks inputs

Horizon inputs (Gridded surfaces, seismic interpretations)

Day 5


Truncations

Reverse faults

Tools for model optimization

All software used in this course are available with the instructor.


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18. Petrel fractural Modelling

Out lines

Fracture theory

Point well data and Image log import and display

Create tadpoles and rose diagrams

Stereonets; dip/azimuth/filters/fracture sets

Generation of fracture intensity logs and cumulative logs

Fracture density maps

Upscaling of well logs and 3D modeling of intensity

Building stochastic Fracture models

Fracture attribute generation

Upscaling fracture properties

Use of multiple fracture drivers

Introduction to earth modeling.

Objectives of construct 3D earth model

Earth modeling in theory and application (Background, Responsibilities, & Workflow)

Fundamentals of Reservoir characterization’s (Structure / Strata point of view)

Fracture description

Fracture behavior

Fracture detection

Fracture Characterization

Data entry and requirement’s- Fracture attribute data-.

Initial Data analysis – Intensity fracture log-.

Modeling Fracture Parameters - DFN model construction

Upscaling logs – 3D grid “Simulation” & QC”.

Fracture reservoir modeling

19. Rock typing

COURSE CONTENT

OVERVIEW ON ELECTROFACIES ANALYSIS & ROCK-TYPING

Non-supervised approach and supervised approach for electrofacies analysis.

Preliminary quality control of logs with hands-on.

Integration of core description.

From electrofacies to rock-types with hands-on.

NON-SUPERVISED ANALYSIS

Probabilistic and neural network approaches.

Hands-on non-supervised electrofacies analysis.

Key points in non-supervised analysis.


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SUPERVISED ANALYSIS

Hands-on supervised analysis with probabilistic approach.

Key points and pitfalls in supervised analysis.

Electrofacies analysis workflow.

Hands-on integration of electrofacies in sequence stratigraphy analysis.

ROCK-TYPES DETERMINATION

Porosity and permeability modeling (hands-on).

Rock quality index (RQI, FZI, etc.).

Rock-typing with petrophysical data and capillary pressure curves: hands-on.

Workflow for electrofacies to rock-type assignments.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of the course, participants will be able to:

identify electrofacies from logs,

identify log signatures and facies association,

define rock-types with petrophysical data (logs and laboratory data),

define Petrofacies from various relationships like Reservoir Quality Index, Winland R35 for net pay determination and other

poro-perm transforms.

20. Create Reservoir Mode

Why Reservoir Modeling?

Reservoir Modeling Workflow

Model Purpose

Case study

Practical Session

Petrel Basics

Petrel Interface

Saving Petrel Project

Project Set up

Data Preparation

Import Data

Visualize Data

What is Structural Modeling?

Structural Modeling in E&P Workflow

Challenges

Types of structural modeling

Surface-based modeling

Volume-based modeling (VBM)

Advantages of VBM

Prerequisites for VBM

Case study

Workflow

Extensional Structure

Compressional Structure

Stratigraphy

Practical Session 2


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Structural Modeling

Methods for constructing a 3D Grid

Rock Modeling

Model Concept

Structural and Stratigraphic Framework

Model Elements

Determinism and Probability

Practical Session 3

Velocity model

Depth conversion

What is Geostatistics?

Why Geostatistics?

Key Geostatistical Concepts

Variance

Correlation Coefficients

Variograms

Variograms and Anisotropy

Algorithm Choice and Control

Object modelling

Pixel-based methods

Texture-based methods

Property Modeling

What is Property modeling?

Geometrical Modeling

Upscale Well logs

Facies Modeling


Practical Session 4

Upscaling

Data Analysis

Property Modeling

Volume Calculations

QC Model

Practical Session 5

Volume Calculations

QC Model

Best output results

21. Update the Reservoir Model by adding new wells

Course Content: Petrel introduction

Construct simple grid

QC the static model


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Making Fluid Contacts

Creating Fluid models

Creating Saturation and Rock function

Volumetric Calculation

Creating Aquifer model

Preparing Well design, and completion design

Constructing History Development Strategies

Constructing simulation case

History match analysis

Prediction Development Strategies

Results viewing

Build and execute a simulation model

Analyze results through post-processing

Transferring from Eclipse to PETREL

2. Phase II: Knowledge, duration 3 Months for 13

courses This phase aim to increase knowledge of engineers and geoscientists.

Reservoir Engineers 22. Principles of Reservoir Eng.

Course content

Reservoir fluid properties

Coring practices and reservoir rock properties

Fundamentals of fluid flow

Reservoir fluid distribution

Reservoir classification

Reservoir drive mechanisms

Oil and gas well performance, including inflow and outflow concepts

Pressure buildup analysis

Oil displacement concepts

Estimation of oil-in-place and gas-in-place

Recovery techniques

23. Field Development Plan (FDP)

Day 1

FDP Overview

Reservoir Management Concepts and Processes

Integrated Reservoir Study - People and Skills


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Essentials of Robust FDP

Field Development Options

Project Stakeholders

Risk Management Process

Risk Register

Field Development Planning Template

On the first day, participants will learn the phases of a reservoir life cycle, the reservoir management process and concepts,

team structure in integrated reservoir studies. Essentials of robust FDP will also be discussed. The day will end with a

discussion on the Field Development Planning Template.

Day 2

Reservoir Model – Static

Integrated Field Planning: Key Elements

Structural Framework

Facies Modeling - Depositional Systems

Property Modeling – Petrophysics

Property Modeling – Geophysics

Elements of Static Model Building

Day two of this course will focus on the Static Reservoir Model. Participants will learn about the key elements of an integrated

field planning. Elementys of Static Model Building will also be discussed.

Day 3

Reservoir Model – Dynamic

Dynamic Model – Upscaling

Dynamic Model – Initialization

Dynamic Model – Building

Dynamic Model – Calibrating

Predicting Performance

Example Development Scenarios

Day three will focus on the Dynamic Reservoir Modeling. Specifically, on this day, participants will learn how predicting

performance by dynamic model helps robust filed development planning.

Day 4

Facilities, Economics and Optimization

Surface Facilities

Development Plan Optimization

Project Ranking

Expected Value and Value of Perfect Information

On day four, participants will learn the importance of surface facilities in field development planning. Economical analysis and

optimization of development scenarios, project ranking will also be discussed. The ay will end with learning the expected

value and value of perfect information.

Day 5

Development Examples – New Field , Mature Field, Waterflood


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Field Development at Different Stages of Reservoir Life Cycle

Appraisal

Developing

Producing

Monitoring Production

Phases of Production

IOR/EOR

FDP Examples

New Filed

Mature Field

Waterflooding

The last day of the course will continue with the review of Field Development Plan concepts. Participants will also learn about

the reservoir appraisal and development planning. The day will end with generic examples of field developments.

24. Reservoir Geomechanics (Petrel) Agenda

Audience

Day 1

Fundamentals of reservoir geomechanics

Value of full-field geomechanics in the petroleum industry

Review of geomechanics concepts and how these are applied in the petroleum industry; understand the concepts of stress,

strain, effective stress, principals stresses, elasticity , plasticity and failure

Geomechanics property modeling; use of wireline derived rock mechanical properties together with seismic attributes and

geostatistical methods for 3D property modeling

Experimental rock mechanics for reservoir geomechanics studies; Review of standard rock mechanics testing and introduction

to laboratory measurements specific to reservoir geomechanics applications; understanding of test results and ability to analyze

and evaluate laboratory reports

Day 2

Reservoir geomechanics processes and introduction to PetrelRG

Understand the mechanics of depletion, stress transfer between reservoir and surrounding formations, theory and compaction

and subsidence, importance of stress path, thermal effect, impact of faults and fractures; Understand the importance and stress

initialization to model in-situ stress state

Introduction to reservoir Geomechanics modeling with PetrelRG

Building reservoir geomechanics grids, design geomechanics materials and perform property modeling and property population

Day 3

Geomechanical property modeling and stress initialization with PetrelRG

Case study: geomechanics property modeling using seismic inversion as input

Discontinuities (faults and fractures) in reservoir geomechanics models

Apply initial pressure, temperature and saturation to reservoir geomechanics models, define boundary conditions and perform

stress initialization

Day 4

Coupled reservoir Geomechanics simulation with PetrelRG

Case study: practical aspects of in-situ stress calibration

Define and submit simulation cases with coupled reservoir simulator

Perform 1-way and 2-way coupled simulations


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Basic ECLIPSE knowledge important for coupled reservoir geomechanics modeling and introduction to history matching

assisted by 2-way reservoir geomechanics modeling

Day 5

Reservoir geomechanics model results analysis with PetrelRG

Results analysis; import coupled simulator results to PetrelRG; stress charting and results QC

Application of reservoir geomechanics to reservoir management; utilization of reservoir geomechanics models to examine cap-

rock integrity and casing deformation in depleting reservoirs

Post processing case studies – application of reservoir geomechanics model results to common reservoir management tasks; 3D

wellbore stability planning, hydraulic fracture design, geomechanics-driven permeability updating

25. Characterization, Evaluation and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs .

Course Outlines Reservoir life cycle and recovery process

Life under primary recovery phase: recovery targets and ways to improve

Life under secondary recovery phases: immiscible gas injection, water flooding, recovery targets, ways to improve

Life under enhanced oil recovery phase: increasing complexity, cost/benefit consideration

Miscible methods: selection criteria, recovery targets and why they are seldom met, design considerations, case studies

Chemical methods: selection criteria, recovery targets and why they are seldom met, design considerations, case studies

Thermal methods: selection criteria, recovery targets and why they are seldom met, design considerations, case studies

Technical challenges: current and future R & D directions, facilities modifications and personnel training

Drilling Engineers

26. Drilling Operationals Day 1

HPHT History and Challenges and the Geological Settings


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Defining the HPHT Environment

HPHT Challenges and associated Standards and Practices

Geology in the HPHT Environment

HPHT Reservoirs

On the first day we will set the HPHT environment by looking back at the history of drilling these deep hot wells. The

class will be presented with the challenges associated with the HPHT environment and look at what standards and

regulations apply to these HPHT wells. This is followed by a more detailed introduction of the geological aspects of the

HPHT wells. Pressure ramps, increased temperatures and the various issues associated with HPHT geology will be

presented. Next participants will look at the overburden, pore pressures, fracture pressures and temperatures

associated with HPHT as this explains the critical differences between HPHT and normal drilling operations.

Day 2

Well Design

Casing Design and Tubular Selection

Shoe Placement

Annular Pressure build up and Thermal De-rating

Casing Wear, H2S and CO2 Effects

Cementing Challenges and Practices

The second day we look at the well design aspects of HPHT wells. Trajectories, together with casing design and the

associated issues in these high temperature environments will be addressed. Annular pressure buildup as well as

temperature effects on the tubulars will be presented. Candidates will then presented with the sour gas effects in

HPHT environments and then we look at the challenges and solutions when cementing HPHT wells.

Day 3

Fluids and Well Control

Drilling Fluid Aspects

Gas Solubility

Elastomers

Well Control, Ballooning, Wellbore Breathing

Gas Expansion

Well Control Procedures

On day three, participants will be introduced to the fluids and gasses encountered in HPHT wells. The aspects of

drilling fluids and reservoir fluids are addressed and issues such as temperature stability, gas solubility,

compressibility, elastomer ratings and operations aspects of drilling fluids will be covered. Once the fluids are

understood we move onto the well control aspects, where we look at gas expansion, ballooning, losses, well control

procedures and cover some of the operational aspects such as tripping, stripping and making connections.

Day 4

Rig Surface Equipment and Drilling Operations

Surface Equipment for HPHT

Downhole Equipment Challenges

Managed Pressure Drilling


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Finger Printing and Drilling Practices

Contingency Planning

Well Control Emergencies

During the fourth day participants will take a closer look at all of the surface and down hole equipment that is being

used in HPHT drilling operations. We will see why rig equipment as well as downhole equipment needs to be

reviewed, inspected and selected based on the specific well requirements. We then look at the drilling practices and

drilling technologies that are being used in HPHT wells, this includes Managed Pressure Drilling. The class then

moves on to contingency planning and well control emergencies and this will introduce the candidates to aspects of

emergencies and the various well control issues that can be encountered whilst drilling HPHT wells.

Day 5

Completions and Well Testing

HPHT Completions

Design Considerations

Component Selection and Specifications

Tubing Leak Contingencies

HPHT Well testing

Operational Testing Considerations

Well testing Safety

The final day will be spent looking at completion and well testing issues for HPHT wells. Participants will discuss what

needs to be addressed for completion and testing operations and the safety aspects associated with production of

HPHT wells. The class will finish with some examples of challenges that have been encountered when producing

HPHT wells.

27. Directional Drilling and Surveying

Day 1

Directional Drilling Fundamentals and Terminology

Fundamentals, applications, and limitations

Terminology, well objectives, and target issues


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Well planning: positioning and coordinate systems

Day one will focus on directional drilling fundamentals and terminology. Participants will learn about the fundamentals,

applications, and limitations of directional drilling. The day will continue with a discussion over terminology, well

objectives, and target issues. A discussion on well planning will close out the day, paying special attention to

positioning and coordinating systems.

Day 2

Surveying and Advanced Well Planning

Survey calculation methods

Anti-collision and well planning

Surveying tools

MWD, LWD and mudlogging

Participants will learn about surveying and advanced well planning on the second day. Survey calculation methods,

anti-collision and advanced well planning, and surveying tools will all be covered on this day. The day will end with

participants learning about the uses of MWD, LWD and mudlogging in directional drilling.

Day 3

Downhole Equipment

Drilling tools and deflection methods

Drilling motors overview

BHA design

Rotary steerable systems

Downhole equipment will be the focus of day three. Participants will learn about the different drilling tools and

deflection methods. Drilling motors and bit overview will be covered as well. The day will end with participants

learning about BHA design and rotary steerable systems.

Day 4

Well Planning and Path Design

Directional well path design

Horizontal well planning and calculations

Horizontal drilling planning

Drill string design

Torque, drag, shocks and vibrations

Day four will cover well planning and path design. On this day participants will get a chance to learn about directional

well path design and horizontal well planning. Drillstring design and important aspects of drillstring operation in

directional and high angle wellbores is explored. Torque and drag complications in directional wells are explained.

Day 5

Hole Cleaning and Wellbore Stability

Hole cleaning


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Well bore stability

Introduction to multilateral wells

Geosteering

Directional drilling problems and solutions

The last day of the course will teach participants about hole cleaning and wellbore stability. Participants will also be

given an introduction to multilateral drilling. Geosteering and direction drilling problems and solutions will be

discussed. The day will conclude with an exploration of some of the most common problems encountered in

directional drilling and a summary of the material that has been covered over the five day course.

28. Mud and Casing Design

Day 1

Steel, Manufacturing, API, and ISO

Material and mechanical properties of steel

API and ISO ratings and formulas

Tubular testing

Oil country tubular goods manufacturing

Day one of this course will begin with discussions of material and mechanical properties of steel, along with stress-strain and

deformation that will lay the ground work for an understanding of the limitations of published tubular ratings. Participants will get

a chance to learn about API and ISO rating and tubular strength formulas. Specific API and ISO topics that will be covered

include API yield stress, Barlow Equation for tubular internal yield, casing thread leak resistance, collapse formulas, and

tension. The day will end with participants learning about tubular manufacturing and testing.

Day 2

Connections, Sulfide Stress Cracking, and Corrosion Resistant Material Selection

API and proprietary connections

API thread leak resistance

Sour service considerations

Corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) selection

Tubular connections and sour service conditions will be the focus of day two. Specific topics of API thread forms, marking and

make-up considerations will be discussed in detail. Proprietary thread types will also be discussed and students will get an

opportunity to learn about the advantages and benefits of different thread form styles. Hydrogen sulfide stress cracking mechanism

will be explored. Corrosion, its effect on tubulars and guidelines for selection of appropriate materials for casing under different

corrosive conditions will be explained.

Day 3

Triaxial Stress and Setting Depth Determination

Design principals and factors

Load concepts

Triaxial stress

Casing wear

Setting depth determination

On day three, the spreadsheet will be completed with formulas for calculating triaxial stress of various load states which casing

may be exposed. Design factors and comparison between uni-axial and triaxial stress will be evaluated. Buckling of tubulars will

be discussed, which will help as participants learn about effects of temperature change on tubulars. Casing wear mechanisms and

some suggestions for management and design for effects of wear will be presented. Casing setting depth needed for well control

integrity will finish the day.

Day 4


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Service Life, Load Cases, and Storage

Load cases

Base case

Procurement

Inspection

Running procedures

Service life models and load cases will be the focus of day four. Load cases, such as axial, burst, and collapse will be explained

and load estimates for different situations will be evaluated. Base case determination from which load changes are evaluated will

be covered. Participants will learn about the planning, specifications, and quality assurance of procurement. The day will end

with a discussion over inspection types, marking, and suggestions on running practices.

Day 5

Tubular Design Software and Comprehensive Casing Design

Tubular design software

Final comprehensive casing design project

The last day of this course participants will learn about tubular design software and some of the ways which it can be used in well

planning and casing design. The day will end with the participants breaking into teams and working on a final comprehensive

casing design project

29. Dynamic Pressure Drilling (DPD) Day 1

DPD Overview and Application Drivers

Introduction and expectations

DPD overview

DPD application drivers

Participants will be given an overview of the large variety of DPD technologies, the IADC risk classification of these technologies

in order to put them into some kind of perspective, and a brief history lesson on how these technologies have emerged, especially

in the last decade. To understand why these technologies have developed it is important to understand the application drivers for

the implementation of these technologies; this can range from a simple desire to increase ROP to the more complex and

challenging reservoir characterization in real time while drilling.

Day 2

DPD Techniques and Fluids

DPD Techniques

DPD Fluid selection

DPD Gas selection

Specialty single phase fluids

Two phase flow

The various DPD techniques will be examined one by one, going over the methodology, current status, and advantages &

disadvantages of each technology and where they should be applied. DPD Pressure Drilling reduces the necessity for heavier

fluids and opens up opportunities to use lighter fluids and some novel fluid options will be discussed. For Underbalanced Drilling,

it is often necessary to use injected gas to lighten the fluid, therefore the various gases that can be used and the ways of injecting

them into the well bore will be covered along with two-phase flow physics and modelling.

Day 3


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DPD Equipment

Rotating Control Devices

MPD equipment

UBD equipment

Day three will focus on the equipment used in DPD operations. Starting with the Rotating Control Device, which is at the heart of

holding pressure in the wellbore while drilling, then moving onto the various pieces of surface equipment that are used in both

managed pressure and underbalanced drilling. Equipment covered will include chokes, separators, flow meters, nitrogen

generation, flare lines and ancillary equipment. Participants will gain familiarity with the equipment, learn how the equipment

works and the selection criteria for equipment in different applications. Various equipment layouts for different applications will

also be covered including onshore, offshore and deep water.

Day 4

DPD Design and Control

MPD Design & Control

UBD Design & Control

PMCD Design & Control

DPD Tripping & Completion

The fourth day will be all about the design and control of DPD operations. Of the upmost importance is well control and

participants will learn about the differences between the primary barriers in conventional drilling versus DPD operations. The

design of various DPD operations (MPD, UBD & PMCD) will be discussed, with the concept of the ‘Anchor Point’ in MPD

operations covered in detail. Drilling with DPD techniques is often considered the ‘easy’ part, while tripping, running casing and

cementing require the most thought and attention. The attendees will learn about the various methods to trip in and out of the well

while staying in the drilling pressure window, as well as how to successfully cement and/or complete the well following a DPD

operation.

Day 5

DPD Project Implementation

DPD candidate selection

DPD project management and HSE

Final Exam

The last day will build on the knowledge gained from the previous days and will look at how to select the appropriate candidates

for DPD operations. Contra-indicators for using DPD techniques will be discussed. The overall implementation and management

of a typical DPD project will be examined with the emphasis on ensuring that the project is delivered safely through training and

appropriate use of barriers

30. Well Control Interactive Study Tools

- Provide students with over 600 pages of pre-course study

materials at wildwell.com

Provide students with study guide that covers up to 150 interactive

well control questions and answers.

Provide students with a 50 question test to determine their well

control knowledge gaps.

Preliminary Items


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Safety: escape routes, muster points, etc.

Discussion of special needs

Introductions

Class paperwork

DRILLING:

Serious Well Control Problem From the Wild Well Library

Students form teams

Team discussion of the potential well control problem

Simulator exercise demonstrating the well control challenge

Return to class to discuss the challenge

Well Control Course Objectives

- Formations, pore pressure, fracture gradients

Killsheet, kick detection, flow checks, well shut-in,

and gas behavior

Well control methods

Well control equipment (barriers, BOPs, manifolds, accumulator, etc.)

- Completing the well and post-completion activity

- Final well control simulation: from kick to kill, with a complication

- Assessments: skills and written

Formations, Pore Pressure, Fracture Gradient

Formation structure

Porosity

Permeability

Fracture gradients, kick tolerance, pore pressures

Related formulas/math (hydrostatic pressure, the U tube,

force, MAASP, etc.)

Equivalent mud weight

Kick tolerance

Pore pressure vs. fracture gradient (drilling margin/window)

Simulator exercise demonstrating a FIT; discussion of LOT

(if needed, depending upon class knowledge level)

Discuss casing and cementing program

Discuss drilling fluids program

Barriers

Philosophy and operation of barrier systems

Number of barriers for safe operation

Testing barriers

Shallow Gas, Water Flows and Tophole Drilling

Definitions and causes of pressure in tophole formations

Causes of underbalance tophole

Diverting practices

Tophole drilling practices and causes of kicks

Abnormal Pressure Warning Signs

Abnormal pressure

Shaker evidence

Changes in mud properties

Changes in drilling data/parameters

Killsheet, Kick Detection, Flow Checks,

Well Shut-in, and Gas Behavior


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- Related formulas/math (capacities/volumes,

strokes, circulation times, etc.)

Causes of kicks

Kick signs

Overt kick signs

Pre-kick signs

Flow-check procedures

Shut-in procedures

Hard shut-in

Soft shut-in

Shut-in challenges

Paper killsheet with preliminary well data

Well data, volume calculations

Discuss the importance of a killsheet

Simulator exercises demonstrating hard and soft shut-in

Kick detection and shut-in

Students complete killsheet with simulator well data

(or instructor-given data)

Discussion of killsheet calculations:

What do they mean? (if needed) Discussion of

IADC WellSharp rounding rules

Gas behavior

While drilling

In horizontal wells

While shut-in

Well Control Methods

- Review of related formulas/math (capacities/volumes,

strokes, circulation times, kill mud, MAASP, ICP, FCP, etc.)

- Wait and Weight Method

■ Discussion of Wait and Weight

– Techniques

– Skills (pump startup, step-down chart, gauge use,

lag time, etc.)

Production Engineers 31. Introduction to Well Complitions and Well Interventions

Course Outlines Reservoir -Integrated Production System

Well Completion Methods

Classification of Reservoir Based on the Fluids in the Reservoir


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Completions Effects

Flow in Pipes

Choke Performance

Systems Analysis

Tubing Design

Completion String Design

Completion Equipment

Casing and Casing Suspension

Wellheads

Tubing Selection

Tubing Connection

Packers

Wellsite Operation

Subsea Completions

Present Systems

Subsea Applications

Flow Assurance (Paraffin and Asphaltene)

Requirement Designs and Types

Subsea Controls Systems

Flowline Connections

ROVs

Well testing overview

Introduction to Well Testing and Interpretation

Well Testing Procedures and Hardware

Examples of Typical Flow regimes

Well Test Objectives

Reservoir Description

Reservoir responses

Well Test Types

Completion Test

Drill Stem Test

Surface Equipment

Downhole Tools

32. Intelligent Completions Day 1

Introduction to Intelligent Completions

Typical Applications

Downhole Sensors and Fibre Optic

Day 2

Downhole tools

Passive versus Active Control

New Technology (Smaller, compact systems)


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Day 3

Gathering information and data on multi-zone existing wells (geological, drilling, reservoir, production and completion data) and

existing problems and limitations.

Day 4

Selection of fields candidates to implementation of IC. Summary of benefits and limitations. Draft of proposed completions.

Day 5

Presentation to Management and discussion.

33. Oil Field Water Management

Course Outlines I. Introduction

Definition of Waterflooding Processes

Historical Background

Initial Test

II. Review of Determination of Oil in Place

Determination of Primary Recovery

Material Balance Calculation

Solution Gas Drive Reservoirs

Water Drive Reservoirs

Gas Cap Reservoirs

Combination Drive reservoirs

Volumetric Methods

Solution Gas Drive

Gas Cap Drive

Water Drive Reservoir

Decline Curve- Determination of Primary Recovery

Empirical Methods for Estimating Primary recovery

III. Microscopic Efficiency of Immiscible Displacements

Principles governing Fluid and Rock Interactions

Wettability

Capillarry Pressure

Methods of Inferring Fluid Distribution in Porous Media

Interpretation of Capillary Pressure data.

Principle of Multiflow in porous media

Relative Permebilities for Drainage and Imbibition Processes

Validity of Darcy’s Law for Multiple flow

Exercises and Examples

Problems to be solve using Computer application by the students.


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IV. Assessing the Prospect for Water Injection

Standard rules to select a Prospect for Water Injection:

Oil Saturation

Water Saturation at the start of the project

Relative Permeability curves: Favorable or unfavorable

Permeability Stratification, type Porosity

Natural Fractures in the reservoir

Initial Gas saturation

Mobility ratio and Oil Viscosity

Water Supply, treatment and cost

Available Wells Conditions

Formation Depth

Structural Relief

Water Compatibility and future problems with Scales

Clay Swelling

Primary Recovery Mechanism

Reservoir Data Available

Additional cost for Drilling and Recondition wells

Economic Evaluation of prospects for water injection

V. Flood Pattern and Coverage

The Basic Flooding Networks

Injection Beyond Breakthrough and effect of Mobility ratios

The five-spot well Network

Pilot Flood

Directional Permeabilities

Natural and induced Fractures

Problem and Solutions

VI. Inmiscible Fluid Disp. Mechanisms

The Fractional Flow Equation

The Rate of Advance Equation

Stabilized Zone Concept

Practical Use of Frontal Displacement

Application of Frontal Displacements

Problems and Solutions.

VII. Predicting the Water Injection Performance

The Frontal Advance Method- The linear system

Performance before Breakthrough

Performance after breakthrough

Condition for the formation of Oil Bank

Waterflooding Calculations: Viscous Fingering Method

Stratified Reservoir- Stiles Method

Dystra-Parson Method

Waterflooding Performance Calculation

Calculation Methods

Use of Computer Software for Waterflooding Calculations

Vertical Displacements and Areal Model / Theory

Problems on Areal Model to be solved using Computers by students

VIII. Pressure Analysis In Injection Wells

Pressure Fall-off Analysis, Liquid filled reservoirs


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Variable Rate Test

Hall Plots Application and Analysis for Injection well performance

Water Injection Profiling:

Radioactive Surveys

Temperature Profiling

Prediction Injection Rates in Injection Well (Injectivity Index)

Case Study Discussion

IX. Water Injection Operations

Waterflooding Injection Well Management Control

Oil Production at the kick, Peak and breakthrough

Water Treatment Efficiency

Potential for Scaling Problems in the water Injection System

X. Chemical Water Analysis Pattern and Water Selection, Water treatment for Injection

Selection of Water Sources

Estimation of Water requirements

Source Water Quality

Analyzing compatibility of the Water

Chemical Water Analyze Patterns

Water Treatment for Injection System

XI. Nitrogen/Co2 Injection As Tertiary Recovery After Water Injection Has Finished Or Alternating Wag (Water Alternating

Gas)

Advantage of Nitrogen AND CO2 Injection Gas

Performance before Gas Breakthrough and After

Predicting Nitrogen/CO2 Injection Oil recovery

Laboratory results and discussions

Who Should Attend

Production, Reservoir Engineers and theirs Supervisors, Chemical Engineers associated with refineries and water handling

34. Formation Damage

Course Outlines Mineralogical description & rock properties.

Possible causes of formation damage

Formation damage during drilling / Completion operations

Formation damage evaluation

Damage removal by Stimulation (Acidizing / Fracturing)

Stimulation overview

Matrix acidizing design / evaluation

Real case histories and exercises on damage quantification


integrated training program for upstream staff

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