Mr. Mao Hak, Project Investi gator, Deputy Director General of Technical Aff airs, MOWRAM

November 21, 2013

INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

MK 16: Fostering Evidence-based IWRM in The Stung Pursat Catchment (Tonle Sap Great Lake), Cambodia

3rd Mekong Forum on Water, Food and Energy

PRESENTATION OUTLINE The MK 16 Project

Project Site

Why Integrated Water Resource Management?

What and How of IWRM

Establishing a collective meaning of IWRM in Pursat

Stakeholder Analysis

Localizing IWRM through MSP

Today’s exercise

› Fostering Evidence-based IWRM in the Stung Pursat catchment (Tonle Sap Great Lake), Cambodia is jointly implemented by Tonle Sap Authority, Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology, Supreme National Economic Council, Hatfield Consultant Partnership, and Culture and Environment Preservation Association.

› Project recognizes firm relationship between knowledge and effective water management, and potential for translating IWRM into better governance practice.

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In order to address water resources issues and develop IWRM capacities, there is a need for

collaboration between related sectors and proper use of scientific data and analysis to inform

decisions.

THE MK 16 PROJECT

PROJECT SITE

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Stung M

onkol B

orei

Stung B

attam

bang

Stung S

angk

e

Stung D

auntri

Stung P

ursat

Stung B

aribo

Stung S

reng

Siem Rea

p River

Stung C

hikren

g

Stung S

taung

Stung S

en

Stung C

hinit (100,000)

100,000

300,000

500,000

700,000

900,000

1,100,000

Catchment Area (ha)

Stung Pursat is listed as one of Cambodia’s priority catchments due to its rich natural resources and wildlife sanctuaries (many ongoing and future development).

Catchment of 5,965 km2 that discharges an average of 2,818 Million Cubic Meters (MCM) a year into the Great Lake.

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Irrigation System

Area(ha)

Damnak Ampil

2,519

Krouch Seuchi1,000

Damnak Ampil Extension

20,100

Anlong Roung1,000

Wat Chre

1,227

Koh Ksach360

Wat leab & B.Kantoo

717

Damnak Cheoukrom (B.P Ponley)

16,,100

Wat Loung

2,410

Kbal Houng (L)

2,000

Charek

11,000

Dam No.3 &No.5

10,000

Orokar

4,700

Kbal Houng (R)

1,200

Dam No.1(Hydro-electricity, Ve=1,014MCM, MIME)

Dam No.3&5 (Irrigation,Ve=50MCM,MOWRAM)

Diagram in Pursat River Basin

Tonle Sap lake

Svay Donkeo River

Pursat

Legend

Loloksar580

Anlong Svay795

Roneam Prayol

1,500

Kampang1400

Kampout Ang20

BoeungKhnar

River

Interacting impacts between the proposed hydropower dams and the irrigation diversion system, as well as recorded data for the canal or its diversion structures on the Pursat River are unknown.

All relevant data and information on these structures are collected, including primary hydrological data, in order to complete water demand and water balance analyses.

This information provide input for developing water allocation scenarios, and aid in the predicting potential impacts of hydropower and water withdrawal in the catchment.

In addition, these data and analyses helps fostering multi-stakeholder platforms (MSPs), which can improve coordination required for managing catchment’s water resources.

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Why Integrated Water Resource Management?

IWRM

Demand• Increasing in all sectors• Inefficient use

Supply• Quantity (Natural Scarcity,Economic Scarcity or Depletion)• Quality Degradation• Cost of Options

Demand• Increasing in all sectors• Inefficient use

Supply• Quantity (Natural Scarcity,Economic Scarcity or Depletion)• Quality Degradation• Cost of Options

Approaches to Water Management:• Ad hoc• Economic Analysis -- Single Project or Basin• Multi-Objective Planning• Comprehensive Multi-Purpose River Basin Planning and

Management• Strategic Planning and Implementation through IWRM

Why Integrated Water Resource Management? (2)

WHAT AND HOW OF IWRM?

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“IWRM is a process that promotes the coordinated development of water, land and related resources in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems” GWP 2000.

• So far, mixed results in the world. • IWRM is not a single, remedial, blueprint plan but rather, a way of seeing

things, managing things, negotiating outcomes and evaluating trade-offs using state-sanctioned regulations.

• IWRM requires both technical solution (access to knowledge and tools, management ) and governance (institution, organizations, and communication/participation.

• Managing relationships between the various components that make up catchments:• between surface and groundwater, quantity and quality.• between water and land use (environment).• between water and stakeholder interests.• between water-related institutions.

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What we want to achieve for Pursat Basin? Goal of IWRM at the river basin level is to

achieve water security(1) for all purposes, as well as manage risks while responding to, and mitigating, disasters.

Water security = capacity to provide sufficient and sustainable quantity and quality of water for all types of water services and protect society and the environment from water-related disasters (ADB).

Path towards water security requires: resolving tradeoffs to maintain a proper balance

between meeting various sectors’ needs, and establishing adaptable governance mechanisms

to cope with evolving environmental, economical and social circumstances.

Establishing a collective meaning of IWRM

Food security: without water security food security cannot be achieved Source: www.narendramodi.in

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS

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Need to understand the complexity of interests and motivations, power relation, evaluate and predict impacts, and assess human capacity.

Provide information regarding:• Individuals, groups and institutions that will be affected by and

should benefit from resources development and management; and

• Individuals, groups and institutions who can influence, and contribute to, the resources development and management processes.

To be mapped according to their comparative influence (power) and interest (extent of being affected) within a certain system.

One who has a share or an interest, as in an enterprise

LOCALIZING IWRM THROUGH MULTI-STAKEHOLDER PLATFORM

A BODY OF PEOPLE belonging to various schools of thought/ perspectives, sectors, expertise, and organizations – government (national, provincial, and municipal), CSOs (including academic institutions), and community-based natural resource communities.

A BODY OF PEOPLE who are all stakeholder (users, regulators, learners) of Stung Pursat.

A BODY OF PEOPLE who are gathered to use the principles of integrated water resource management to collectively and coherently manage the use and development of Stung Pursat.

Participatory: Based on consultation with a wide range of interested and affected parties;Informed: Based on wide range of information; andCyclical/iterative: Based on evolving national policies, priorities, scientific finding and systematic monitoring and evaluation of existing strategies and policies.

MK 16 has initiated the MSP as an informal platform and brought together several stakeholders as discussed.

Existing Drivers

Existing Drivers

OutputsOutputs ActivitiesActivities

  

Internal Forces

Internal Forces

Water Vision/Policy

Water Vision/Policy

INITIATIONINITIATION

External Forces

External Forces

Govern-ment

Commit-ment

Govern-ment

Commit-ment

MSP Established

as an informal platform

Awaren-ess in IWRM

Awaren-ess in IWRM

LOCALIZING IWRM THROUGH MULTI-STAKEHOLDER PLATFORM (2)

STUNG PURSAT MSP MISSION

To serve as a problem-solving and planning platform for concerned Pursat stakeholders to agree on action and strategies for solving the identified problem based on knowledge and a strong convening power to help increase trust/confidence among stakeholders and facilitate agreements between various interest holders/groups

STUNG PURSAT VISION

Green and prosperous Pursat catchment for meeting multiple needs and uses of its community, based on IWRM principles and informed and collaborative decisions, which ensure social equity and harmony, and long-term sustainable development

1. The process of catchment management2. A debate on IWRM, which will be organized around three points:

i. Stakeholders: Who are the important stakeholders in catchment management and how are they different? How can the works of the most influential be regulated? What is the role of the government (national and sub-national) and multi-stakeholder platforms?

ii. Human and natural changes: What are the current and anticipated human-induced and natural changes in the Mekong, and how is your catchment influenced by and contributing to these changes? What political and practical implications will this have for catchment management?

iii. Strategies and Solutions: How can the challenges above be addressed through governance? What models/ strategies have worked elsewhere? How can these strategies be adopted for Mekong and your catchment? What will be the requirements for implementing these strategies?

3. Questions and Answers session

TODAY’S EXERCISE

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THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENSION!