Integrating Agricultural Statistics in the National Statistical System

(The Case of the Philippines)

ROMEO S. RECIDE

Director, Bureau of Agricultural Statistics

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OUTLINE

1. Introduction…Philippine Statistical System

2. Agricultural Statistical System…BAS; NSO;

Other Agencies

3. Census and Sample Surveys; Administrative – based records

4. Attempts at Integrating Agricultural Statistics in the National Statistics System

5. Conducting an Integrated Agricultural Survey..Issues and Concerns

6. Future Possibilities

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The Agricultural Statistical System (AgStat)

Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)..focal agency for AgStat

a staff bureau under the Department of Agriculture (DA)

EO116 which reorganized the DA created & mandated BAS to collect, compile release official agricultural statistics

RA 8435 ( AFMA) mandated BAS to serve as central information source and server of DA-NIN & provide technical assistance to end-users in accessing, analyzing product and market information & technology

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Regular statistical activities

Sample surveys to generate data on:

Crop production

Livestock & poultry inventory

Fisheries production

Farm & market prices of agricultural commodities

Prices of farm inputs…fertilizer

Agricultural wage rates, labor inputs (gender-disaggregated data)

Compilation to generate reports on:

Performance of agriculture (production accounts)

Supply utilization accounts

Agricultural development indicators

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Special or ad hoc statistical activities

Integrated Farm Household Survey (IFHS).. To generate data on farm household income ( on farm, off farm & non farm)

Characterizing the Small Farmers in the Philippines (CSFP) ..latest version of IFHS.. farm income, assets & liabilities, access to services, etc.

Costs and Returns Survey (CRS) …cost of production by commodity, various measures of productivity & profitability

Survey on Food Demand for Agricultural Commodities (SFD)..volume of food use/consumption by commodity

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Special or ad hoc statistical activities…cont’d

Survey on Capital Formation in Agricultural Households..to determine the level & structure of capital accumulated by agricultural households

Benchmark/Impact Assessment of DA Programs..to establish benchmark data as basis for evaluation of programs ..later establish indicators of accomplishments ( successes and failures ) of the programs

Barangay Agricultural Profiling Survey…to generate barangay (village) level data on basic characteristics of agriculture

7 What reasons drive the conduct of special or ad hoc surveys that the BAS has to undertake?

BAS as the statistical arm of the DA has to address its data requirements to support…

policy and planning

program designing & implementation

program evaluation

Considerations:

types & levels of disaggregation

timelines

funding & other resources support

8 National Statistics Office (NSO) in the Agricultural Statistical System

Under CA 591 & Batas Pambansa 72, NSO is mandated to prepare & undertake all censuses of population, agriculture, commerce and industry.

Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF) : every 10 years..now preparing for the 2013 CAF

Uses in the AgStat System:

establishment of frame

provision of structural statistics ( to characterize agriculture and fisheries and to serve as check for survey – based data)

BAS is a major partner of NSO In the preparation and undertaking of the CAF

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NSO’s Sample Surveys used in the AgStat System

Labor Force Survey (LFS)

..labor and employment statistics ( details re: agri & fisheries are analyzed & reported to the Secretary of Agriculture )

Family Income & Expenditures Survey (FIES)

… ( rural disaggregation of income & expenditures was being used as proxy for farm family income until the system did away with rural–urban disaggregation

Surveys for the Consumer Price Index (CPI)

..details re: agri-based products are analyzed & reported to the Secretary of Agriculture

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Role of Administrative Registers in the AgStat System

Foreign Trade Statistics

…NSO makes available to BAS data on agriculture; BAS complies, analyzes and prepares reports quarterly ( attached to the memo for the Secretary of Agriculture) & annually as a publication

Production Statistics

… from DA- attached agencies (e.g., Sugar Regulatory Administration, National Tobacco Authority, Fiber Development Authority, National Dairy Authority, National Meat Inspection Service, Philippine Fisheries Development Authority) ..to supplement survey – based data

11 Attempts (Conceptualization/Experiments) in Integrating AgStat in the NSS

In the FIES.. Initiatives in looking at possibilities in deriving farm-related data on income & expenditures found that:

survey design could not support the validity of derived estimates of costs & returns of farm production and total income of farm households ( noting that FIES is a huge survey..in terms of sample size and data items)

In the LFS.. the R&D activity funded by the Statistical Research and Training Center (SRTC) was jointly undertaken by NSO & BAS found that:

agricultural wage rates and labor inputs that AgStat needs cannot be integrated in the LFS

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Conducting an Integrated Agricultural Survey (IAS)

Integrated Survey on Crops and Livestock .. History tells us that integration in terms of using same sample & instruments, did not address concerns of data processors, analysts and users.

Issues: accuracy/precision; timeliness; adequacy (data items)

Integrated Survey..Palay & Corn (PCPS) with Backyard Livestock & Poultry (BLPS)..BLPS uses the PCPS sample barangays in one replicate

Issues: a growing number of palay & corn farmers are not into livestock & poultry farming ( changing structure of agriculture in the country)

PCPS & Stocks Survey..Palay & Corn Stocks Survey still uses one replicate of the PCPS sample

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Possibilities..in the Philippine Setting

More methodological research are indicated

Legislative measure…proposing for the reorganization of the PSS:

abolition of major statistical agencies which include the BAS and NSO

creation of one agency to perform all the mandates pursued individually by the statistical agencies

This measure raises the hope that more meaningful integration can be achieved

Thank You! URL: www.bas.gov.ph

Email: info@bas.gov.ph