integrating geographic information infrastructures and...

1Manfred Mittlboeck et. al., INSPIRE 2011,, 30. June 2011

M. Mittlboeck

B.resch, G. Sagl, M. Lippautz

Research Studio iSPACE,

Salzburg, Austria

Integrating geographic information infrastructures and

real-time sensor measurements to support first

responders common operational Picture (COP)


„Near Real-time Information Service?“


Overview

� Introduction

� Geographic information Infrastructures (GII)

� Concepts

� Components

� Challenges for GIS in Disaster Management

� integrating real-time sensor measurements

� supporting first responders COP

� Conclusion


GI Infrastructures

� Geographic Information Infrastructures

� Concepts

� Components


Introduction

� Space & time are often the only obvious connection(s) among observations

� Spatial information

� is decisive to understand and respond to the world and its events

� is vital for many businesses and societies

� is essential for managing environment, resources

and risk assessment

� Spatial data infrastructures

� help organizing spatial data & services

� Geoportals

� are linking spatial data providers

� with information users and

� and share spatial information in a virtual project library


Standardized Geographic Information

Infrastructures

� Geodata infrastructure = Spatial data Infrastructure

Geographic information infrastructures = geodata & user oriented

distributed geographic information services

� structured organization of geodata and geographic information

services

� based on a common technical infrastructure (IT-technologies)

bringing in interoperability

� usage of internationally accepted standards for technological

interoperability based on Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and ISO

standards as lingua franka to guarantee interoperability

� integration of legal requirements (cadastral laws, INSPIRE directive)

and global initiatives (GEOSS) � definition of common semantics

harmonized organizational concepts



Infrastructures - Why

� For effective & efficient organization of geoinformation

� improve data access

� promote data reuse

� make information readily available

� ensure that investments for data collection and management result in

a growing pool of information

� ways of leveraging spatial information

� Change from monolithic IT-systems towards distributed architecture

� are becoming independent of computing platforms

� geo-portals serve as gateways to spatial-information



Infrastructures - Answers

� The term “infrastructure” suggests and supports the “concept of a

reliable, supporting environment”, analogous to a road or

telecommunication network – that’s what first responders need!

� Spatial data infrastructures are needed to enable GIS proliferation

throughout organizations, enterprises, countries even globally to

� disseminating information and knowledge in a better, faster and up-to-

date way

� The underlying organizational and technical concepts have to be evaluated

and adjusted

� New technological opportunities, standardization and semantic information

harmonization approaches (e.g. INSPIRE data Specifications) and global

initiatives like GEOSS (Global Earth Observation Systems of Systems



Infrastructures – Geoportas

Metadata

publication,

update,

management

Search and

Discover

Resource

Evaluation

Resources

Access


GII integration

SOS registration ::: Geoportal Server

� registration – search – detailed discovery result – realtime Geoportal


Geographic Information Infrastructures

Challenges for disaster management

� real-time information integration

GII challenges for

Disaster Management Support



Infrastructures – the road ahead

� Enhancing GI infrastructures

� Perform distributed analysis of geographic information using cloud

computing architectures leveraging standardized SOA technologies

� Upcoming need to (real)-time-enable geo-enabled sensor measure

layers

� historical catalogs � real-time geo-infrastructure

e.g. information exchange and indeed its integration across

heterogeneous systems of rescue and relief organizations


Sensor Networks

status quo

� Heterogeneous data sources, various data formats

� Service-oriented access to data not fully developed (still)

� Lack of up-to-date in-situ sensor measurements

� How about registration and finding of resources and services

� Developments for a particular purpose � no cross integration

Resch, B., 2009, Live Geography – Standardised Geo-sensor Networks for Real-time Monitoring in Urban Environments, Dissertation


Sensor Networks

standards-based ::: near real-time

� Transition: monolithic and mostly post-processing system � service-

oriented near real-time analysis architectures

� Context-aware information in place of ‚raw-data‘

� Distributed geo-processing routines to enhance performance for time-

critical spatial decision support

� Quality assurance by integrating spatially aware Complex Event

Processing � neighborhood relationships of sensors

Resch, B., 2009, Live Geography – Standardised Geo-sensor Networks for Real-time Monitoring in Urban Environments, Dissertation



Infrastructures – geoprocessing

� Distributed geo-analysis on real-time geo- measurments

Data

GI-Integration of

Sensor-Measurements usung

OGC SOS

Information

Near Real-time generation of new

Geo Informations-Layern

(Desktop / Web)

Standardized interfaces (ISO & OGC)

Geo-Processing

service-oriented

Near-realtime

(Desktop / Web)


Common Operational Picture (COP)

� Geographic Information Infrastructures

Challenges for disaster management

� supporting first responders

common operational picture (COP)

� Erastar G2real project

� field exercise ‚shining garden‘


COP

G2real ::: radiation measurements


Web-Based Near Real-Time Geo-Analysis

G2real - Overall infrastructure

� Flexible and portable

monitoring infrastructure

� Near real-time Integration of

a variety of data

� Geo-processing “on-the-

fly”—spatial interpolation

� New “live” information

layers based on sensor

measurements

� Fast dissemination of geo-

analysis results:

rapid mapping Infrastructure: modular, service-oriented, standards-based


Web based data analysis :::

G2real - Results first phase

� considerable distortion in the south-western area

� un-sampled locations in combination with the interpolation method used – IDW

� Spatial Interpolation Method used: Inverse Distance Weighting



G2real - Results second phase

� higher uncertainty in terms of spatial variability - red areas

� final result: spatially exact localisation of both radiation sources

� Spatial Interpolation Method used: Kriging



G2real - comparison of results 1

� Spatial Interpolation DURING the sensing scenario

meander-shaped versus z-shaped path

IDW

Kriging



G2real - comparison of results 2

� Kriging rather than IDW fulfils an accurate

localisation of radiation sources

� Difference-Raster: IDW – Kriging

� IDW higher than Kriging: Red

� IDW lower than Kriging: Blue

� Spatial Interpolation AFTER the sensing scenario

µSv/h


Conclusion

� Information integration in geoinformation infrastructures is a key

requirement for

• exchanging geographic data internally/externally

• managing and optimizing organizational workflows, production processes

• an essential element for safety and security support

� Goal

• structure and provide information in a modern SDI

• provide data and applications via a geoportal

• Ensure information quality regarding accuracy, completeness and up-to-dateness

• design contextual geo applications based on the need of specific user groups

� Outlook

• Integrating eventing and alerting mechanisms (SAS / SES)

• Distributed processing / cloud computing fractional interpolation


Conclusion

� Infrastructure-oriented instead of application-centred development

(OGC/ISO standards)

�� Flexibility and portability

� “Paradigm shift” in GIS

developments required

�(Near) real-time GII

�Integration of legacy systems

�� Standardised near

real-time information

systems


M. Mittlboeck

B.resch, G. Sagl, M. Lippautz

Research Studio iSPACE,

Salzburg, Austria

Integrating geographic information infrastructures and

real-time sensor measurements to support first

responders common operational Picture (COP)

integrating geographic information infrastructures and...

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