Integration of CC into Development Project/Programmes,

National Plan and Budgetary Process

Mohammad Abdul Qayyum

National Project Director, CDMP II

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief

Climate Change will increase the frequency of Flood, Drought, Salinity, cyclone, Tidal Surge, Sea Level rise etc; which will affect: (i) Food Security; (ii) Increased Vector Borne Diseases; (iii) increased Infrastructural Damage and (iv) Degradation of Natural Resources, Upon which livelihood is dependent.

Today’s Development Policy will shape or influence future capacity;

Development business-as-usual may increase vulnerability

Context

Rationale for Integration

Development

means

Wellbeing of

Society,

Economy, &

Environment

Climate

Change and

Disasters

challenge

development

gains and

future goals

Development

must be

resilient to

assure the

expected well-

being

Integrating

Disaster and

Climate Risks,

is thus a

necessity,

towards

development

risk reduction

Finance Division

Internal Resources Division

Bdesh Bureau of Statistics

Bangladesh Bank

Planning Divisions

PLANNING COMMISSION

Line Ministries / Divisions

Implementing Agencies

Sub-Implementing Agencies (Contractors)

Communities

Economic Relations Divisions

Development Partners

Long Term Vision

Medium Term Plan

allocations based on size of population and area

Issues in the CONVENTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS: Centralized, top-down

Ultimately: Not sensitive to

local disaster and climate risks

Issues : • Inter-sectoral coordination gaps • Bifurcation of DRR and CCA • Prominent power dynamics at

national and local level

PUBLIC PLANNING SYSTEM

EVALUATION

POLICY PLANNING

SECTORAL PLANNING

PROGRAMME PLANNING

PROJECT PLANNING

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING

i. Determination of Goals, objectives, priorities and strategies and policy measure

ii. Identification of the required role sectors to play in the context of goal and objectives (i)

iii. Formulation of detailed sectoral programmes (ii)

iv. Preparation of projects embodying investment decisions (iii)

v. Institution of appropriate management apparatus for supervision and efficient completion of projects (iv)

vi. Review of effects of project, programmes and plans

RESPONSIBLE INSTITUTES IN PUBLIC PLANNING SYSTEM

POLICY PLANNING

SECTORAL PLANNING

PROGRAMME PLANNING

PROJECT PLANNING

EVALUATION

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING

i. Determination of Goals, objectives, priorities and strategies and policy measure

ii. Identification of the required role sectors to play in the context of goal and objectives (i)

iii. Formulation of detailed sectoral programmes (ii)

iv. Preparation of projects embodying investment decisions (iii)

v. Institution of appropriate management apparatus for supervision and efficient completion of projects (iv)

vi. Review of effects of project, programmes and plans

GED

SECTOR DIVISION/ MINISTRY

PROGRAMMING DIVISION

SECTOR

DIVISION/ MINISTRY

AGENCY/ IMED

IMED

Conventional Dev. vs DRR & CCA Planning

Criteria Development DRR & CCA

Priorities Vision Local risk

Approach Top down Bottom up

Scope Macro Localized

Time span Long term Short-Mid–Long term

Premium Econ Growth Reduced Risks

Integration of Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction is a country driven process and it depends upon the respective countries to what extent mainstreaming is required and to what extent the governance system allows the country to incorporate CCA & DRR into the development process.

Integration of CCA/DRR?

Integration of climate change adaptation & DRR may be considered through these levels;

National Planning Process: Integration of climate change adaptation into the National planning process; Perspective Plan/Sixth Five year plan/MTBF ;

Sectoral Policies: Integration of climate change adaptation/DRR into relevant sectoral Policies and Programme;

Project Development Cycle: Development Project Proforma (DPP) & Technical Project Proposal (TPP) formats;

Budgetary Process: ADP Translate National Plans/Strategy objectives into concrete interventions for a particular year synchronized with the annual development budget.

Framework for Integration

National Long Term Vision

National Short to Medium Term policies, e.g. PRSP

National Budget

Policy cycle

stages

Policy Formulation

Planning

Resource Allocation

Sector Level Dev

Plan

Sector Budget Envelop

Programming/ Implementation

National Level Governance Architecture

Multi year Development Plan

Sector Level Dev

Plan

Sector Budget Envelop

Sector X Sector Y

Propose investment

Propose investment

Allocate Budget

Allocate Budget

Improve the Quality of monitoring data;

Coordination at the highest level;

Long Term Vision;

Ensure Adequate Resources;

Increasing Donor Support

National Level Integration

National Level Policies and Plans

Sectoral Strategy and Policies

Sectoral Plan

Sectoral Programming

Sectoral Investment Programme Top down project Project Proposal from district x, y, z

Planning

Resource Allocation

Sectoral Budget Envelop

Additional resource for adaptation

Bottom up projects

Top down projects

Programming/ Implementation

Sectoral level governance architecture with key interventions for adaptation

-Act on C Priorities established at the National Level;

-Include recognition of C risks

-Apply a Climate Lens; -Build in sector level top-down

adaptation activities

-Make room in the budget for cross sectoral adaptation

activities;

-Add climate considerations to criteria used to assess Project

Proposal

Policy cycle

stages

Policy Formulation

Public Service Delivery;

Assessment: Sector Specific Assessment;

Increase Awareness of Sectoral Planners;

Updating Climate Baselines;

Capacity Development within Sectors

Sectoral level Integration

Project Identification

Project Appraisal

Project Design Project

Implementation

Monitoring and Evaluation

The project cycle with key interventions for adaptation

Identify Potential C Risk and Effects on

Vulnerability

Undertake in- depth C Risk Assessment

Identify Potential Options;

Prioritize & select adaptation option

M & E Implementation

of Adaptation measures within

projects

For new project implement selected adaptation options

Project level is critical for integration of Climate Considerations;

Emphasis on Testing Climate Risk Assessment;

Downscaling Climate Change Projections and uncertainties;

Develop analytical framework for costing of adaptation measures; Cost Benefit Analysis, Multi Criteria Analysis and Cost

Effectiveness Analysis;

Evaluate systematically effects & effectiveness of integration on Adaptation;

Invest more in Capacity Building.

Project Level Integration

Climate Change Impacts are manifested locally affecting livelihood;

Integration capacity depend on local condition;

Integration best observed at local level

Local Level Integration Why at Local level?

National Level

National Plans

Sixth Five Year Plan

Perspective Plan

Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP)

Physical framework/Land use plans

Sectoral Level

Sectoral policies, plans and programs

Agriculture, Environment, Health, Water, Power & Energy and Industry etc.

Entry points for DRR/CCA Integration

Local Level

Upazilla Development Plans (incl. Vill Action Plans)

Adjustment in local regulatory and service provision

Local government accounting mechanism

Engaging Private Sector and Civil Society

Processes related to implementation of plans

Investment Programming

Budgeting and financing

Project appraisal, Implementation, Monitoring & Evaluation

Entry Points contd..

Legislative arrangements for DRR/CCA

Strategy to coordinate and monitor Implementation mechanism in all sectors and levels

Institutional arrangements, budgetary allocation , capacity development at national and local level

Strengthening partnerships between various agencies thus ensuring horizontal and vertical linkages

Political will/commitment

Setting DRR/CCA goals and indicators: capacity to monitor and evaluate initiatives

Enabling Environment

Name of Policies/Strategies/Plans/Guidelines

Perspective Plan: Making Vision 2021 a Reality 6th Five Year Plan National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA), 2009 Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (2009) Steps towards change: National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction (2009-2011) National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS)

Policies sensitive to CC Coastal Zone Policy, 2005

Policies somewhat sensitive to CC National Health Policy, 2010 National Plan for Disaster Management Standing Order on Disaster National Disaster Management Act National Plan for Disaster Management Environment Policy, 1992 National Forest Policy 1994 Industrial policy, 2005 Integrated Pest Management Policy 2002 Land Use Policy 2001 National policy for safe water supply and sanitation 1998

National Population Policy 2004 National Seed Policy National Water policy 1999 National Agriculture policy ,1999 National Biotechnology policy, 1999 National Fisheries policy 1998 National Food policy 2006 Renewable Energy Policy of Bangladesh 2008 Social and resettlement policy framework 2009 Truism policy, 2009 Information Communication and technology policy 2009

EXISTING POLICIES SENSITIVE/SOMEWHAT

SENSITIVE TO CC

Plans

Perspective Plan 2010-2021: Making Vision 2021 a Reality

Sixth Five-Year Plan (SFYP) 2011-15 (Chapter 8: Env., CC & DM for sustainable Development)

National Sustainable Development strategy (NSDS)

Revision of Development Project Proforma (DPP)/TPP

Budget

Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR)

Climate Fiscal Framework (National and Local)

Creation of several funds

Capacity Building

Capacity Building of Public Sector Planning Professionals

Creation of E-platform

Recent Achievements in Integrating Climate

Change in the planning process

Existing Funds Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund (BCCTF) – from Revenue

Budget (CCA including comprehensive disaster management)

Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF) – provided by Development Partners (CCA)

Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF) – provided by Development Partners (DRR including CCA)

Proposed Funds Disaster Management Fund

Funds for CCA/DRR

Lack of detailed information on climate change;

Lack of willingness to allocate resources in study/research to generate scientific knowledge that could contribute to review and develop new plans

Lack of awareness as well as lack of capacity;

Climate Change is still not high enough in the agenda;

Resource Allocation – inadequate compared to the need.

KEY CHALLENGES

Mainstreaming DRR and CCA into Dev. Plans and Prog.

Urban Risk Reduction

Climate Change Adaptation

Professionalising the DM System

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II)

Rural Risk Reduction

Disaster Preparedness and Response

• Integrate DRR & CCA in long & medium term Dev. Plans • Revise the Development Project Proforma format:

Incorporating DRR & CCA for compliance

Assist the plans of Ministry of Disaster Management & Relief

Enter agreements with 14 sectoral Ministries/Dept.: • Influencing sectoral policies/guidelines • Building policy & implementation capacities • Incorporating DRR & CCA into sectors • Implementing pilot projects

Establish standardized methods for: • Community Risk Assessment (CRA) • Fast Tracked Risk Assessment (FTRA) • Risk Reduction Action Plan (RRAP)

Implement large scale interventions through innovative financing: • Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund

CDMP Experience in mainstreaming DRR & CCA into Development Planning

National

Sectoral

Local

Innovative Local Disaster Risk Reduction Funds

Embankment cum road Reverse Osmosis Plant – Water option Vegetation at Killah

Homestead gardening at DRH Brick Flat Soiling (BFS)

Hygienic Toilet

Co

mm

un

ity

Par

tici

pat

ion

Local Disaster Risk Reduction Fund (LDRRF)

Priority measures identification for risk reduction,

preventive, mitigation

Translate into specific Structural or nonstructural

project/ scheme

Technical Committee

Approval Committee

CD

MP

LD

RR

F S

ecr

eta

riat

Scientific and local

knowledge

Implementation

DM

C

mte

e

De

pt.

NG

O/I

NG

O

Ou

tso

urc

e

Grants

Monitoring

Loca

l C

om

mit

tee

Mo

nit

ori

ng

Te

am

Re

vie

w T

eam

Hig

h o

ffic

ial v

isit

Evaluation

CR

A

RR

AP

Hazard identification & analysis

Risk & Vulnerability

analysis

Capacity analysis

Funding

Mostly go to local Dev. Plan

innovative, community level,

simple

Revising DPP to include DRR & CCA issues

DRR & CCA sectoral mainstreaming guidelines as per the revised SOD

Action research to identify sectoral adaptation options

LOA with 13 departments of 12 ministries

Organizational action plans

DRR&CCA inclusion in sectoral policies

Institutional capacity building

Piloting options

32,000 urban volunteers

Increase flood warning lead time

Integration of disaster and climate proofing

Integrating CCA principles to the programme

o Training Module Development on DRR & CCA

o Climate lens for project screening

o Adaptation Option Menu for different hazards

o Risk Atlas for 10 Vulnerable Upazilas (piloting)

o 1,700 Union factsheets

Generating CC impact scenarios

o Studies on drought, flood, salinity, and storm surge

Study on ‘Trends and impact analysis of Internal Displacement due to Impacts of Disaster & CC’

Research on non-farm livelihood options

Non-farm livelihood support to Communities

Advocacy and communication materials

Community level Climate Change Adaptation

THANK YOU

For more information contact:

Comprehensive Disaster Management Programme (CDMP II) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Disaster Management & Relief Bhaban (6th Floor) 92-93 Mohakhali C/A, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh Tel: (+88 02) 989 0937, 882 1255 Website: www.cdmp.org.bd