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22 bd Benoni Goullin 44200 NANTES - FRANCE +33 2 40 18 09 16 [email protected] www.systemplus.fr Intel’s Embedded Multi - Die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB) First Consumer application in the Intel Core 8 th generation i7-8809G PACKAGING report by Stéphane ELISABETH October 2018 – Version 1 REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURAL, PROCESS & COST REPORT

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©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 1

22 bd Benoni Goullin44200 NANTES - FRANCE +33 2 40 18 09 16 [email protected] www.systemplus.fr

Intel’s Embedded Multi-Die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB)

First Consumer application in the Intel Core 8th generation i7-8809G

PACKAGING report by Stéphane ELISABETHOctober 2018 – Version 1

REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURAL, PROCESS & COST REPORT

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 2

Table of Contents

Overview / Introduction 4

o Executive Summary

o Reverse Costing Methodology

Company Profile 8

o Intel

o EMIB technology

o CPU Supply Chain

Market Analysis 26

o Package Memory Market

o Market Forecast

Physical Analysis 26

o Summary of the Physical Analysis 27

o Intel NUC8i7HKV Teardown 29

o Packaging Analysis 34

Package Views & Dimensions

Board Cross-Section

Package Dissasembly

Package Cross-Section:

Metal Frame, Laminate Substrate, Silicon Bridge

o AMD Radeon RX Vega M - GPU Die 49

Die View & Dimensions

Die µBumps

Die Cross-Section: Silicon Bridge to GPU

o Samsung HBM2 61

Memory Die View & Dimensions

Memory Die TSVs & µBumps

Driver Die View & Dimensions

Driver Die TSVs & µBumps

Die Cross-Section: HBM to Silicon Bridge

TSVs, µBumps, Package to Silicon Bridge

o Silicon Bridge 79

Die View & Dimensions

Die test Features & µBumps

Die Cross-section:

Substrate, Metal Layers, Process

Die Process Characteristic

Physical Comparison: NVIDIA vs. AMD vs. Intel 87

o Structure, Supply Chain, 2.5D Process, HBM Process

Manufacturing Process 92

o GPU, HBM2, Silicon Bridge Die Front-End Process & Fabrication Unit

o HBM2 TSVs & µBumps Process Flow

o PCB Substrate EMIB Process Flow

o Final Test & Packaging Fabrication unit

Cost Analysis 119

o Summary of the cost analysis 120

o Yields Explanation & Hypotheses 122

Selling price 123

Feedbacks 125

SystemPlus Consulting services 127

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 3

Overview / Introductiono Executive Summaryo Reverse Costing Methodologyo Glossary

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Executive Summary

• This full reverse costing study has been conducted to provide insight on technology data, manufacturing cost and sellingprice of the Intel Core i7-8809 with EMIB technology.

• We have analyzed the Intel Core i7-8809G which is the eight generation of Intel core i7 processor. The Processor features a computer processor unit (CPU), a discrete graphics processor unit (GPU) and a second generation of high bandwidth memory (HBM2) on the same package. The GPU has an 4GB high bandwidth cache assembled from one 4-Hi HBM2 stacks giving almost 200 GB/s of bandwidth.

• Focusing on the GPU and HBM integration, the report shows that in a small package area 29x19 mm 12-layer flip-chip ball grid array (fcBGA) package, the component uses almost 700 mm² of silicon, an impressive silicon-to-package ratio. Regarding the HBM2, only one stacks of 1GB are used to obtain the 4GB capacity. As for NVIDIA’s GPUs, Samsung is the provider of the HBM2 stacks. The 4GB HBM2 consists of four 1GB HBM2 dies and a buffer die at the bottom of the stack, which are all vertically interconnected by TSVs and microbumps.

• Compared to NVIDIA or AMD which uses Interposer, with via-middle Through Silicon Vias (TSVs), the Intel product uses EMIB technology which consist in a silicon bridge buried in the PCB substrate making the interconnection between the HBM2 stacks and the GPU. This approach has some inherent advantages such as the ability to implement high density interconnect without requiring TSVs and to support the integration of many large dies in a high area. The only other application available on the market is into a high-end FPGA, the Stratix X.

• The report includes a complete physical analysis of the packaging process, with details on all technical choices regarding processes, equipment and materials. Also, the complete manufacturing supply chain is described, and manufacturing costs are calculated.

• The report compares the Intel solution with AMD’s Radeon Vega Frontier solution and NVIDIA’s Tesla P100, highlighting the integration choices made by both companies.

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 4

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain o Intelo Intel Core 8th Generationo Hetero. Integrationo CPU Supply Chaino Intel EMIB

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

CPU Supply Chain

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 5

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Intel NUC8i7HVK Teardown

Mini PC Overview – Front, Back, & Side View©2018 by System Plus Consulting

2x Thunderbolt

2x Display Port

2x Ethernet 4x USB 3.01x HDMI

1x SD Card Slot 2x USB 3.0 1x HDMI 1x USB-C

Venting Grid

220 mm

14

0 m

m

39 mm

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 6

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Overview

• Single package with Radeon Vega GPU and 4GB HBM2 Memory on a PCB substrate.

Package Top View©2018 by System Plus Consulting Laminate substrate

(12 layers PCB)

Metal Frame

HBM2 Stack

4 stacked memory dies (4GB) +

1 Driver die

CPU

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 7

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section

Package Cross-section plane©2018 by System Plus Consulting

Package Cross-section – Optical View©2018 by System Plus Consulting

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 8

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section – Laminate Substrate

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 9

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section – Silicon Bridge – GPU

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 10

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section – HBM2 Memory – TSVs

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 11

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section – Silicon Bridge – HBM Memory

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 12

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section – Silicon Bridge – HBM Memory

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 13

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Silicon Bridge – Die View and Dimensions

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 14

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis o Module Disassemblyo Package Assembly

o Views & Dimensionso Cross-Section

o GPU Dieo Views & Dimensionso µBumpso Die Cross-section

o HBM2 Dieso DRAM & Driver Views

& Dimensionso Die Cross-section

o Silicon Bridgeo View & Dimensionso Die Cross-Sectiono Die Process

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Cross-Section – Silicon Bridge – Metal layers

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 15

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparisono NVIDIA vs. AMD vs. Intel

o Structureo Supply Chaino Process

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Package Comparison - NVIDIA vs. AMD vs. Intel – Structure

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 16

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flowo Global Overviewo GPU FE Process & Fab. Unito HBM2 FE Process & Fab. Unito HBM2 Stacking Process Flowo Silicon Bridge FE Process & Fab.

Unito PCB Substrate Process Flowo PCB Substrate Fab.Unito Final Test & Assembly Unit

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

PCB Substrate – EMIB Process Flow

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 17

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysiso Cost Analysis Summaryo Yields Explanation &

Hypotheseso GPU Wafer & Die Costo HBM2 Wafer & Die Costo Silicon Bridge FE Costo Silicon Bridge Die Costo PCB Substrate Mnf. Costo EMIB cost per process stepso Component Cost

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

GPU Wafer & Die Cost

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 18

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysiso Cost Analysis Summaryo Yields Explanation &

Hypotheseso GPU Wafer & Die Costo HBM2 Wafer & Die Costo Silicon Bridge FE Costo Silicon Bridge Die Costo PCB Substrate Mnf. Costo EMIB cost per process stepso Component Cost

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

HBM Stacking Cost (TSV + µBump)

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 19

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysiso Cost Analysis Summaryo Yields Explanation &

Hypotheseso GPU Wafer & Die Costo HBM2 Wafer & Die Costo Silicon Bridge FE Costo Silicon Bridge Die Costo PCB Substrate Mnf. Costo EMIB cost per process stepso Component Cost

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

Silicon Bridge Wafer & Die Cost

©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 20

Overview / Introduction

Company Profile & Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

Physical Comparison

Manufacturing Process Flow

Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Plus

REVERSE COSTING ANALYSES - SYSTEM PLUS CONSULTING

PACKAGING• AMD Radeon Vega Frontier Edition• NVIDIA Tesla P100 GPU with HBM2• Second Generation of TSMC’s Integrated Fan-Out (inFO) Packaging for the Apple A11 found in the iPhone X

MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY REPORTS - YOLE DÉVELOPPEMENT

ADVANCED PACKAGING• Status of the Advanced Packaging Industry 2018• Status of Advanced Substrates 2018: Embedded Dies & Interconnects, Substrate Like PCB Trends• 3D TSV and 2.5D Business Update - Market and Technology Trends 2017

PATENT ANALYSIS - KNOWMADE

PACKAGING• TSV Stacked Memory Patent Landscape

In the last few years, as the central andgraphics processing unit (CPU and GPU)technology has advanced, the need forhigh DRAM memory bandwidth has led toan increased focus on high bandwidth on-package links. And so, localized high-density interconnects devices betweentwo or more dies has been investigated toprovide high bandwidth signaling in orderto open up new opportunities forheterogeneous on-package integration.The typical proposed devices areinterposers in glass, organic or siliconsubstrates. Intel has developed its ownapproach called an Embedded Multi-dieInterconnect Bridge (EMIB), which offerssimpler integration.

We have analyzed the Intel Core i7-8809G, which is the eight generation ofIntel core i7 processor. The processorfeatures a CPU, a discrete GPU andsecond generation high bandwidthmemory (HBM2) on the same package.The GPU has a 4GB high bandwidth cacheassembled from one 4-Hi HBM2 stack offour DRAM dies, giving almost 200GB/s ofbandwidth.

Whereas NVIDIA and AMD both useinterposers with via-middle TSVs, the Intelproduct uses EMIB technology. Thisconsists of a silicon bridge buried in theprinted circuit board (PCB) substrate,making the interconnection between theHBM2 stack and the GPU. The approachhas some inherent advantages, such asthe ability to implement high-density in

interconnect without requiring TSVs andto support the integration of many largedies in a large area.

Focusing on the GPU and HBMintegration, the report shows that in asmall 29mm x 19mm area 12-layer flip-chip ball grid array (fcBGA) package, bothcomponents use under 700mm² of silicon,an impressive silicon-to-package ratio.

This report includes a complete physicalanalysis of the packaging process, withdetails of all technical choices regardingprocesses, equipment and materials. Also,the complete manufacturing supply chainis described, and manufacturing costs arecalculated.

The report compares the Intel solutionwith AMD’s Radeon Vega Frontier andNVIDIA’s Tesla P100, highlighting theintegration choices made by allcompanies.

COMPLETE TEARDOWN WITH

• Detailed photos and cross-sections

• Precise measurements

• Material analysis

• Manufacturing process flow

• Supply chain evaluation

• Manufacturing cost analysis

• Estimated sales price

• Physical comparison with NVIDIA Tesla and TSMC CoWoS, and AMD Radeon Vega and SPIL CoW

First consumer application in the Intel Core 8th Generation i7-8809G, theworld’s first On-Package CPU and GPU with High Bandwidth Memory.

REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURE, PROCESS & COST REPORT

Title: Intel EMIB

Pages: 130

Date: October 2018

Format: PDF & Excel file

Price: EUR 3,490

Intel’s Embedded Multi-Die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB)

IC – LED – RF – MEMS – IMAGING – PACKAGING – SYSTEM – POWER - DISPLAY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Overview/Introduction

Company Profile and Supply Chain

Market Analysis

Physical Analysis

• Intel NUC8i7HVK Teardown

• Processor Package

Views, dimensions and overview

Die sizes

Board cross-section

Package disassembly and cross-section: metal frame, laminate substrate, silicon bridge

• GPU die

Views, dimensions and marking

Microbumps

Silicon bridge to GPU cross-section

• Driver and DRAM Die

Views, dimensions and marking

Microbumps and TSVs

HBM2 stack cross-section

Silicon bridge to HBM2 cross-section

• Silicon Bridge Die

View, dimensions and marking

Microbumps

Silicon bridge cross-section: Substrate, metal layers, process

AUTHORS

• Comparison with NVIDIA Tesla P100 and AMD Radeon Fury X

Manufacturing Process Flow

• Global Overview

• HBM2 Stack Process Flow

• Silicon Bridge Process Flow

• EMIB Process Flow

Cost Analysis

• Overview of the Cost Analysis

• Yield Hypotheses

• GPU Front-End and Die Cost

• Silicon Bridge Wafer and Die Cost

• DRAM Front-End Cost

TSV manufacturing cost

Microbumping manufacturing cost

• DRAM Die Cost

• Logic Die Cost

• HBM2 Stack Cost

• EMIB Assembly Manufacturing Cost

• Final Component Cost

Estimated Price Analysis

INTEL'S EMBEDDED MULTI-DIE INTERCONNECT BRIDGE (EMIB)

RELATED REPORTS

AMD Radeon Vega Frontier EditionThe first SiC power module in commercialized electric vehicles.November 2017 - EUR 3,490*

NVIDIA Tesla P100 GPU with HBM2TSMC CoWoS – Samsung HBM2 – 2.5D and 3D Packaging.February 2018 - EUR 3,490*

Second Generation of TSMC’s Integrated Fan-Out (inFO) Packaging for the Apple A11 found in the iPhone XThe latest Apple application processor engine : from the stacked board to the A11, and reverse costing of TSMC’s updated inFO packaging.June 2017 - EUR 3,490*

Véronique Le Troadec hasjoined System Plus Consultingas a laboratory engineer.Coming from Atmel Nantes,she has extensive knowledge infailure analysis of componentsand in deprocessing ofintegrated circuits.

Dr Stéphane Elisabeth has joinedSystem Plus Consulting's team in2016. He has a deep knowledgeof Materials characterizationsand Electronics systems.He holds an Engineering Degreein Electronics and NumericalTechnology, and a PhD inMaterials for Microelectronics.

COSTING TOOLS

REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURE, PROCESS & COST REPORT

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WHAT IS A REVERSE COSTING®?

Reverse Costing® is the process of disassembling a device (or asystem) in order to identify its technology and calculate itsmanufacturing cost, using in-house models and tools.

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CONTACTS

Headquarters22, bd Benoni GoullinNantes Biotech44200 NantesFrance+33 2 40 18 09 [email protected]

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ABOUT SYSTEM PLUS CONSULTING

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3D Packaging CoSim+Cost simulation tool to evaluate the cost of anyPackaging process: Wafer-level packaging, TSV, 3Dintegration…

Our analysis is performed with our costing tools 3D Packaging CoSim+ and IC Price+.

System Plus Consulting offers powerful costing tools to evaluate the production cost and selling price from

single chip to complex structures.

IC Price+The tool performs the necessary cost simulation ofany Integrated Circuit: ASICs, microcontrollers,memories, DSP, smartpower…

ORDER FORMPlease process my order for “Intel’s Embedded Multi-Die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB)” Reverse Costing® – Structure, Process & Cost Report Ref: SP18417

Full Structure, Process & Cost Report : EUR 3,490* Annual Subscription offers possible from 3 reports, including this

report as the first of the year. Contact us for more information.

REVERSE COSTING® – STRUCTURE, PROCESS & COST REPORTINTEL'S EMBEDDED MULTI-DIE INTERCONNECT BRIDGE (EMIB)

Each year System Plus Consultingreleases a comprehensive collectionof new reverse engineering andcosting analyses in various domains.You can choose to buy over 12months a set of 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 or 15Reverse Costing® reports.

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©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 22

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©2018 by System Plus Consulting | Intel Core i7-8809G with EMIB Technology 23

Overview / Introduction

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Physical Comparison

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Cost Analysis

Selling Price Analysis

Related Reports

About System Pluso Company Serviceso Contact

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Headquarters22 bd Benoni Goullin44200 NantesFRANCE+33 2 40 18 09 [email protected]

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