Intellectual property rights . . .

• The rights given to persons over creations of their minds

• The product should be unique and have some value in the market.

• Like Real Property:

– It can be bought, sold, licensed, exchanged, given away

– The owner can prevent unauthorized use

Three Principle Types . . .

– Patents– Copyrights – Trademarks

– industrial design rights and trade secrets

• It includes,• patent rights• utility model rights• design rights• trademark rights• and copyrights

Patent . . .

• The Patent Bill of 1790 enabled the government to patent

• “Any useful art, manufacture, engine, machine, or device, or any instrument thereon not before known or used."

– Not discoveries of nature

– Exclusive right to make, use and sell an invention for a specific period—20 years

Patent Benefits . . .

• Rewards time, money & effort associated with research

• Encourages innovation and research by permitting companies to recover R&D costs

• Encourages quick commercialization

• Allow early exchange of information between research groups– Avoiding duplicate efforts

• Exclusive privilege to authors to reproduce, distribute, perform, or display their works.

• Literary works, including computer programs

• Musical works and lyrics• Dramatic words• choreographic works• Pictoral, graphic, and sculptural works• Motion pictures and audiovisual works• Sound recordings• Architectural works

• It is usually associated with civil law.

• In the Copyright Act, there are provisions to treat all forms of infringement of copyright as offences.

• The police also have powers to take action and is punishable with a minimum of six months’ imprisonment, which may extend to three years, and a fine of between Rs 50,000 and Rs 200,000.

Trademark . . .

• Word or symbol used by manufacturers to identify goods.

• It is a distinctive sign which is used to prevent confusion among products in the marketplace.

Legislation . . .

• (WIPO) World Intellectual Property Organisation

• (WTO) World Trade Organisation

• (TRIPS) Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

Legislations . . .

• Each country or region has its own set of IPRs laws and regulations

• In Jan 1, 1995 the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (“TRIPS Agreement”) entered into force

• TRIPS Agreement rules do not directly apply in most national legal systems, but instead are implemented by legislation

• TRIPS allows for compulsory licensing, price controls and a competition policy.

Those are my thoughts.What are yours?

Seminar by . . .• M.Ravishankar• Oxygen024@gmail.com• MBA [ Final ] 2008 - 2010• Nift-tea college of fashion• Tirupur, Tamil nadu.• India.