intentional perspectives on information systems engineering
TRANSCRIPT
Intentional Perspectiveson Information Systems Engineering
Selmin Nurcan · Camille Salinesi ·Carine Souveyet · Jolita RalytéEditors
Intentional Perspectiveson Information SystemsEngineering
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EditorsSelmin NurcanUniversité Paris 1 Panthéon – SorbonneIAE de Paris21, rue Broca75005 [email protected]
Carine SouveyetUniversité Paris 1 Panthéon – SorbonneCentre de Recherche en Informatique90, rue de Tolbiac75013 [email protected]
Camille SalinesiUniversité Paris 1 Panthéon – SorbonneCentre de Recherche en Informatique90, rue de Tolbiac75013 [email protected]
Jolita RalytéUniversity of GenevaCUI, Battelle – bâtiment Aroute de Drize 71227 [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-12543-0 e-ISBN 978-3-642-12544-7DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-12544-7Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York
Library of Congress Control Number: 2010926871
ACM Computing Classification (1998): D.2, H.1, I.6, J.1
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material isconcerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting,reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publicationor parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9,1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violationsare liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does notimply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protectivelaws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
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Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Colette Rolland, in the words of Arne Solvberg, one of her oldest and clos-est friends, “was introduced to the wider European research community duringthe process of establishing a Technical Committee for Information Systems –TC8 – of IFIP – The International Federation of Information Processing Societies.Professor Børje Langefors from Sweden led the effort. He and his colleaguesbrought with them upcoming younger researchers. Professor Langefors broughtJanis Bubenko Jr., Mads Lundeberg and Arne Sølvberg. Professor Le Moignebrought Colette. Together with Janis and Arne, Colette was instrumental in estab-lishing the IFIP TC8 working group WG8.1 on the Design and Evaluation ofInformation Systems. She quickly established herself as a driving force in infor-mation systems research with her REMORA project. She was deeply involved inorganizing the annual working conferences of the working group, which broughttogether a growing number of researchers from Europe and overseas. The networkof young researchers that was formed in IFIP TC8 became the nucleus of the sci-entific community behind the CAiSE conference series, where Colette had a centralrole. She is today the undisputed ‘queen’ of information systems research, as wellas a good friend to everyone in the international research community of informationsystems engineering.”
Amongst her numerous scientific qualities, Colette was able to abstract andformalize new and difficult problems, invent original concepts to deal with them,and develop methods, techniques and tools demonstrating how to use them in a verypractical way.
Colette’s original contributions to the information systems engineering disciplinehave been abundant. Among others, she established the behavioral paradigm toinformation system design in which she promoted the event-driven approachwith her REMORA methodology. She pioneered object orientation in informationsystems analysis and design with her O∗ methodology. She developed an originalapproach to system prototyping. Being at the cutting edge of meta-modeling, shewas one of the earliest to specify methodological processes and introduce guid-ance features in CASE tools and to propose the concept of method chunks andcontextual models to engineering methods. She was one of the main actors inpromoting method engineering as a discipline. She created the NATURE decision-driven process meta-model. She formalized the coupling of goals and scenarios inthe CREWS-L’Ecritoire requirements engineering method. She developed an inten-tional basis for process modeling in the notion of a MAP expressing intentions. She
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brought the fitness analysis issue to the forefront. She was a strong supporter ofdealing with services at the business level and explored service-based informationsystems. She developed many information systems engineering methods, CASE andCAME tools like REMORA, OICSI, RUBIS, MENTOR, and L’Ecritoire, to namebut a few.
One of the most striking of Colette’s numerous scientific contributions is that“intention” should be considered as a first-class concept in information systemsengineering. Not only can it be handled in different ways and modeled withdifferent languages. It is also fundamental to a number of application domainsin performing various types of analysis and solving very different categories ofproblem: process specification, requirements engineering, service—oriented archi-tectures, enterprise modeling, business IT alignment, COTS customization, etc.Indeed, as John Mylopoulos said, “Her plethora of contributions include novel con-cepts, methods and tools for building information systems, as well as dozens ofyoung researchers who will carry the torch of her ideas for years to come. One ofthose ideas that has had tremendous impact on the field is the notion that systemrequirements are stakeholder goals—rather than system functions—and ought to beelicited, modeled and analyzed accordingly.”
This book is a testimony of gratitude to Colette for her contribution to the conceptof intention. The book was created with the idea of drawing a big picture of thedifferent perspectives that exist today, in 2010, on this concept in the informationsystems community.
The book is a collection of 20 contributions in information systems engineeringthat were compiled on the occasion of Colette’s retirement and will be distributed atthe CAiSE conference in Tunisia. Even though Colette is General Chair of CAiSE2010, we tried to hide this initiative from her, and she kindly pretended not to beaware of it. The contributions were written by friends and colleagues of Colette fromaround the world. In the difficult task of selecting who to invite, we decided to con-centrate on those with whom she collaborated most closely, and some of those whomshe took as examples for her young researchers, and referenced in her own papers.All those who were invited to be involved in this book were eager to participate,and have written original contributions on one of the numerous topics of interest toColette. Some even wrote personal testimonies of friendship in their papers, whichwe found very touching.
We thank all the authors and the Springer editors for their support in the publica-tion of this book. We also thank CAiSE organizers for agreeing to its presentationduring the Conference. Last but not least, we thank the following for sponsoringthis book for distribution to all CAISE 2010 participants: the Sorbonne’s GraduateBusiness School (IAE de Paris), IFIP (International Federation for InformationProcessing) Working Group 8.1 on Design and Evaluation of Information Systems,RIADI (ENSI – University Manouba, Tunisia) and the Centre de Recherche enInformatique of University Paris 1 Panthéon – Sorbonne.
Paris, France Selmin NurcanCamille SalinesiCarine Souveyet
Switzerland Jolita Ralyté
Short Biography of Colette Rolland
Colette Rolland was born on December 19th, 1943 in Dieupentale, Tarn-et-Garonne, in the southwest of France. She received her PhD Degree in Sciences(Applied Mathematics) in 1966 and her “Grand PhD” Degree in Sciences (AppliedMathematics) in 1971. Both degrees were under the supervision of Professor Legrasat the University of Nancy.
In 1973, Dr. Rolland was appointed Professor in Computer Science at Universityof Nancy.
Colette Rolland joined the Mathematics and Informatics Department of theUniversity of Paris 1 Panthéon – Sorbonne as a Professor in 1979. In 1992she founded the CRI (Centre de Recherche en Informatique – http://crinfo.univ-paris1.fr), at the University Paris 1 Panthéon – Sorbonne and has been the center’sDirector since its creation. Today, she supervises a team of 8 full time AssociateProfessors and 25 research students.
Professor Colette Rolland heads the Master degree program in “Information &Knowledge Systems”, at the Sorbonne Graduate Business School (IAE de Paris). Aprogram she created thirty years ago.
In 1988, she launched the MIAGE curriculum (Méthodes InformatiquesAppliquées à la Gestion des Entreprises, i.e. methods for informatics applied tothe management of enterprises) at the University Paris 1 Panthéon – Sorbonne. The
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program was designed to train young engineers in informatics. Several years priorto the implementation in France, of the LMD Standards (Bachelor, Master, PhD or3-5-8), she extended the MIAGE program to include an apprenticeship track leadingto a master degree in “Information & Knowledge Systems”.
Following on these successes, Colette Rolland created IKSEM (Information &Knowledge Systems Engineering and Management), an English Master Degreeprogram at IAE de Paris in 2009.
Colette Rolland has led two Ph.D. programs in “Theory and Engineering ofData Bases” and “Intelligence, Information, Interaction”. The University Paris 1Panthéon – Sorbonne and the University Paris 11 Orsay jointly managed the twoprograms.
Professor Colette Rolland has extensive experience in supervising researchwork (see the Academic Tree); supervising more than 100 PhD, participatingin multiple European research projects and collaborating extensively with indus-try. Her research work has been funded in France by CNRS (Centre Nationalde la Recherche Scientifique), INRIA (Institut National de la Recherche enInformatique et Automatisme), MRT (Ministry of Research and Technology) and bythe Commission of the European Communities (ESPRIT, STI and the Basic researchprogram).
Colette Rolland is the inventor of the REMORA methodology for the analy-sis, design and realization of information systems, a precursor of object-orientedmethodologies. She has co-authored 5 textbooks; edited 8 books and published over300 referred papers in journals and conferences (see Bibliography). Colette Rollandhas delivered more than 50 keynote talks in international conferences.
Colette Rolland is a member of various academic and professional committees,an IFIP officer since 1981, IEEE fellow, and the French representative to TC8 (IFIPTechnical Commitee on Information Systems). From 1988 to 1999, she served asvice chairperson and then chairperson of WG8.1 (IFIP Working Group on Methodsand Tools for IS Development). She is also a member of the European Commission’sexpert groups. She has been a member of various research evaluation committees inSweden, Norway, Finland, Italy, Canada, Switzerland and Hong Kong, as well as amember of committees for the appointment of professors in Canada, USA, Japan,Malaysia, Venezuela, and Tunisia.
Colette Rolland has been honored by several awards including: the “PalmesAcadémiques” (French Educational System award – 1981), the IFIP service award(1988), the IFIP Silver Core (1992), the Francqui’s Foundation award (a Belgiumprize awarded annually to an outstanding scientist – 1991), and the European awardof ‘Information Systems’ (2002).
In 1995, Colette Rolland was nominated a member of the Class of ExceptionalProfessors in France. She is Doctor Honoris Causa of the University of Geneva,Switzerland (2007). She is also a visiting professor at the University ofLoughborough Business School (United Kingdom) where she cooperates with theresearch group on enterprise modeling and IT alignment.
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Colette Rolland serves on the board of 15 international journals published amongothers by IEEE and Springer. She is a member of program committees of multi-ple international conferences per year, has been chairperson of 25 conferences, andeditor of 25 conference proceedings.
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Academic Tree xiii
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Academic Tree xv
MIAGE Sorbonne – Information & Knowledge Systems master students, GraduationCeremony, February 13th, 2009 Amphitheater Richelieu at Sorbonne with 67 Master Students
Colette with Arne and Janis at CAISE’2007, Porto, Portugal
Contents
From Sustainable Information System with a Farandoleof Models to Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Michel Léonard and Jolita Ralyté
On Roles of Models in Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Arne Sølvberg
Contemporary Challenges in Requirements Discoveryand Validation: Two Case Studies in Complex Environments . . . . . . 39Sean Hansen and Kalle Lyytinen
Semantic Requirements Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Motoshi Saeki
Goal-Based Domain Modeling as a Basis for Cross-DisciplinarySystems Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Matthias Jarke, Hans W. Nissen, Thomas Rose,and Dominik Schmitz
Intentional Alignment and Interoperabilityin Inter-Organization Information Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101Naveen Prakash
Requirements Engineering for Enterprise Systems:What We Know and What We Don’t Know? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115Maya Daneva and Roel Wieringa
Requirements as Goals and Commitments Too . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Amit K. Chopra, John Mylopoulos, Fabiano Dalpiaz,Paolo Giorgini, and Munindar P. Singh
A Method for Capturing and Reconciling StakeholderIntentions Based on the Formal Concept Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Mikio Aoyama
Fostering the Adoption of i∗ by Practitioners: Some Challengesand Research Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Xavier Franch
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Rights and Intentions in Value Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195Paul Johannesson and Maria Bergholtz
An Intentional Perspective on Enterprise Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . 215Janis Bubenko Jr., Anne Persson, and Janis Stirna
A Goal-Based Approach for Learning in Business Processes . . . . . . . 239Pnina Soffer, Johny Ghattas, and Mor Peleg
Linking Goal-Oriented Requirements and Model-Driven Development 257Oscar Pastor and Giovanni Giachetti
Testing Conceptual Schema Satisfiability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277Antoni Olivé and Albert Tort
A Systematic Approach to Define the Domain of InformationSystem Security Risk Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289Éric Dubois, Patrick Heymans, Nicolas Mayer, andRaimundas Matulevicius
Methodologies for Design of Service-Based Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 307Barbara Pernici
Quality Assurance in the Presence of Variability . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319Kim Lauenroth, Andreas Metzger, and Klaus Pohl
Method Engineering: A Service-Oriented Approach . . . . . . . . . . . 335Corine Cauvet
Collaborative Requirements Engineering: Bridging the GulfsBetween Worlds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355Alistair Sutcliffe
Important Papers by Colette Rolland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Contributors
Mikio Aoyama Nanzan University, 27 Seirei, Seto 489-0863, Japan,[email protected]
Maria Bergholtz Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, StockholmUniversity, Forum 100, SE 16440 Kista, Sweden, [email protected]
Janis Bubenko Jr. Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, RoyalInstitute of Technology, Forum 100, SE-164 40 Kista, Sweden, [email protected]
Corine Cauvet Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille 3, Laboratoire LSIS,Campus Universitaire de Saint Jérôme, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niemen,13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France, [email protected]
Amit K. Chopra Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science,University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy,[email protected]
Fabiano Dalpiaz Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science,University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy,[email protected]
Maya Daneva University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, P.O. Box 217, 7500 EAEnschede, The Netherlands, [email protected]
Éric Dubois Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor, 29, avenue John F.Kennedy, L-1855 Luxembourg, [email protected]
Xavier Franch GESSI Research Group, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya,UPC – Campus Nord, Omega building, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona,Spain, [email protected]
Johny Ghattas University of Haifa, Carmel Mountain 31905 Haifa, Israel,[email protected]
Giovanni Giachetti PROS Research Center, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia,Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, [email protected]
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Paolo Giorgini Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science,University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy,[email protected]
Sean Hansen Peter B. Lewis Building, Weatherhead School of Management, CaseWestern Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-7235USA, [email protected]
Patrick Heymans University of Namur (FUNDP), PReCISE Research Center,Rue Grandgagnage 21, B-5000 Namur, Belgium, [email protected]
Matthias Jarke Information Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornstraße 55,D-52056 Aachen, Germany, [email protected]
Paul Johannesson Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, StockholmUniversity, Forum 100, SE 16440 Kista, Sweden, [email protected]
Kim Lauenroth Software Systems Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen,Gerlingstraße 16, 45127 Essen, Germany, [email protected]
Michel Léonard University of Geneve, CUI, Battelle – bâtiment A, route deDrize, CH-1227 Carouge, Switzerland, [email protected]
Kalle Lyytinen Peter B. Lewis Building, Weatherhead School of Management,Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH,44106-7235 USA, [email protected]
Raimundas Matulevicius Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu,J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia, [email protected]
Nicolas Mayer Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor, 29, avenue John F.Kennedy, L-1855 Luxembourg, [email protected]
Andreas Metzger Software Systems Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen,Gerlingstraβe 16, 45127 Essen, Germany, [email protected]
John Mylopoulos Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science,University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Povo, Trento, Italy,[email protected]
Hans W. Nissen Institute of Communications Engineering, Cologne Universityof Applied Science, Betzdorferstraße 2, D-50679 Köln, Germany,[email protected]
Antoni Olivé Department Enginyeria de Serveis i Sistemes d’Informació,Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain,[email protected]
Oscar Pastor PROS Research Center, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia,Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, [email protected]
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Mor Peleg University of Haifa, Carmel Mountain 31905 Haifa, Israel,[email protected]
Barbara Pernici Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133Milano, Italy, [email protected]
Anne Persson Informatics Research Centre, University of Skövde, P.O. Box 408,SE-541 28 Skövde, Sweden, [email protected]
Klaus Pohl Software Systems Engineering, University of Duisburg-Essen,Schützenbahn 70, 45127 Essen, Germany, [email protected]
Naveen Prakash Department of Computer Science, MRCE, Sector 43, DelhiSurajkund Road, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India, [email protected]
Jolita Ralyté University of Geneva, CUI, Battelle – bâtiment A, 7, route de Drize,CH-1227 Carouge, Switzerland, [email protected]
Thomas Rose Fraunhofer FIT, Schloss Birlinghoven, D-53754 Sankt Augustin,Germany, [email protected]
Motoshi Saeki Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology,Ookayama 2-12-1-W8-83, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan,[email protected]
Dominik Schmitz Information Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Ahornstraße55, D-52056 Aachen, Germany, [email protected]
Munindar P. Singh Department of Computer Science, North Carolina StateUniversity, 890 Oval Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695-8206, USA, [email protected]
Pnina Soffer University of Haifa, Carmel Mountain 31905 Haifa, Israel,[email protected]
Arne Sølvberg Department of Computer and Information Science, NTNU – TheNorwegian University of Science and Technology Sem Sælands v 9, 7491Trondheim, Norway, [email protected]
Janis Stirna Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, StockholmUniversity, Forum 100, SE 16440 Kista, Sweden, [email protected]
Alistair Sutcliffe Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, BoothStreet West, Manchester M15 6PB, UK, [email protected]
Albert Tort Department Enginyeria de Serveis i Sistemes d’Informació,Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Spain,[email protected]
Roel Wieringa University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, P.O. Box 217, 7500 EAEnschede, The Netherlands, [email protected]