Interface Design Patterns in Cognitive Work and Coordinated Activity for Effective Human-System Integration

2016 NDIA Human Systems Conference February 9-10, 2016

Dr. Martin VoshellCharles River Analytics, Inc.

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HumanSystemsareComplexSystems

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interface n Anarbitrarylineofdemarcationsetupinordertoapportiontheblameformalfunctions.Kelly-Bootle,1995

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agentn a computerprogramwhoseuserinterfaceissoobscurethattheusermustthinkofitasaquirky,butpowerful,person....Lanir,1995

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HSI | Work Centered Design

Pew&Mavor (2007)

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Mapping Principle | Correspondence in Representation

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de:cycle | Designing for Technology Driven ApplicationsRoesler,Woods,Feil,2005

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de:cycle | Observation Balances Past and FutureRoesler,Woods,Feil,2005

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de:cycle | Exploration Drives Design HypothesesRoesler,Woods,Feil,2005

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Redefining the - ‘ilities’ Provide Design Leverage

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Example | Envisioned Operations

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New Stories Create New Patterns for Design

“Faultyspatialperception,divertedattention, inabilitytoacquiredatainthetimeavailable,deficientdecision-making, perhaps,butnotadeficientabstraction!’’ (Billings1996)

DecompensationPatternsSystemexhaustscapacitytoadapt;breakdownsoccurandcascadefasterthanresponsescanbedecidedonanddeployedtoeffect• Aviationautomation,transferofcontrol;capacity,andresourcebottlenecks

WorkingatCross-Purposes• Rolebehaviorsarelocallyadaptivebutgloballymal-adaptive• Coordinationde-synchronization,differentechelonsasgoalsinteractandcouldconflict• Sideeffects,failurestosynchronize,authority/autonomydouble-binds

Worldchanges,Systemdoesnot• Failuretorevisecurrentassessments,automationbrittleness

Woods andBranlat,2011

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Take AwayGoodinterfacedesignisaboutdesigninggooddecisionsupportsystems

Interfaceconceptualization,design,implementationmustbegroundedinstoriesaboutthefuture(CONOPs,patterns,models,leveragepoints)

Themosteffectiveinterfacedesigneffortswillbedevelopedbyteamsthatcombine:

• anunderstandingofthesystemschallengesofrealworkinoperationaldomains• thecognitiveandperceptualcapabilitiesofhumanproblemholdersandoperators• knowledgeoffundamentaldesignprinciplesandpatternsofwork• technicalskillsettocreatevisualizationsthatsolvespecificproblems

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