Interior structure of Jupiter

Further constraints via Juno mission (arr. July 2016)

Giant planet formation may involve fragmentation of

gravitationally unstable gas disc

N.B. Min fragment scale set by gravity vs. pressure Max. fragment scale by gravity versus shear

Typical initial mass should be ~ a Jupiter mass

Or `core accretion’

Sets in at core mass ~ 10 -20 M_E

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Probing the dust and gas reservoirs in protoplanetary discs

Molecular lines and continuum emission from optically thin dust

both produce mm emission •  Revolutionised by Atacama Large Millimetre

Array (ALMA)

The disc of HL Tau

•  Continuum image (ALMA Science Verification Data)