intermediate !

8/14/2019 Intermediate !

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35 Tenses with time clauses

~ Tenses with time clausesFuture Present orPresent perfect

whenyou pay me.untilou've paid me. The present perfect suggestsan interval of time betweenpayrnent and starting thework.

Simple past Simple pastork whene paid me.

Simple pastl started the work r after IPast perfecthe had paid me.

The past perfect suggests aninterval of time betweenpayrnent and starting thework.

1 my father (teach) me gardening - l (be) a boy(when)--.MI1-fuM1e-r wlAgnt me gardenWig wh8i1 1WM a b~_. _

Tom Jones is a gardener at Moxley Hall.He is talking about hislife, past and future. Write sentences from the ideas given. Put thetime words in brackets at the correct place in the sentence.Change the verbs to a suitable tense.

Simple pastl moved there in 1985.

Present perfectI've lived in Newtown

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2 the offer ofajob at Moxley (come) - l Uoin) the army(after) But

3 l (not start) at Moxley - l (leave) the army(until) So

4 l (start) - l (know) l would like it here(as soon as)

5 l (be) he re - l (start) thejob in 1961(since)

6 the head gardener (retire) next year - l (become) head gardener in his place(when )

7 l (get) a rise in my wages - l (be) head gardener(as soon as) _

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Irregular verbs( e d) means that the regular form in ed is an alternative to the irregular formoBase

Past simpleast perfectaseast simpleast perfectroseave arisenieayavelainwokeave awokenightitJlightedave litJJightedoreave borneoseostave losteatave beatenakeadeave madeecarneave becomeeaneantave meantbeganave beguneetetave metentave bentayaidave paidetave betututave putoundave boundeadeadave readitave bittenideodeave riddenledave bledingangave runglewave blowniseoseave risenrokeave brokenunanave runredave bredawawedhavesawn(ed)roughtave broughtayaidhave saidroadcastave broadcasteeawave seenuiltave builteekoughtave soughtumtJburnedave burntJburnedelloldave soldurstave burstendentave sentboughtave boughtetetave setastave castewewedhave sewn (ed)aughtave caughthakehookave shakenhoseave chosenhinehoneave shonelungave clunghoothotave shotarneave comehowhowedave shownostave costhrinkhrankave shrunkreptave crepthuthutave shututave cutsingangave sungealtave dealtinkankavesunkugave dugitatave satidave doneleepleptave sleptrewave drawnmellmeltJsmelledave smeltJsmelledrearntJdrearnedave drearntJowowedhave sownlsowedpeakpokeave spokenrankave drunkpeedpedave spedriveave drivenpendpentave spentteave eatenspinpunave spunellave fallenpitpatave spatedave fedplitplitave spliteltave feltpoilpoiltJspoiledave spoiltJspoiledoughtave foughtpreadpreadave spreadoundave foundpringprangave sprungledave fledtandtoodave stoodlewave flowntealtoleave stolenorbadeave forbiddenticktuckave stuckorecastave forecasttingtungave stungorgotave forgottentinktankave stunkorgaveave forgiventriketruckave struckrozeave frozenwearworeave sworngotave gotweepweptave sweptaveave givenwimwarnave swurnenthave gonewingwungave swungrewave grownakeookavetakenungave hungeachaughtave taughteardave heardearoreave tornidave hid/hiddenelloldave tolditave hithinkhoughtave thoughteldave heldhrowhrewave thrownurtave hurthrusthrustave thrusteptave keptnderstandnderstoodave understoodneltJkneeledave kneltJkneeledakeokeave wokennithave knit (ted)earoreave wornnewave knowneepeptave weptaidave laidinonave wonedaveledindoundave woundeantJJeanedave leantJJeanedithdrawithdrewave withdrawneaptJJeapedaveleaptJJeapedriteroteave writteneamtJJearnedave learnt/learnedeftave leftentave lentbear is often used in the passive, with a different pastetave letarticiple, e.g.1was born in 1980.61


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Practise your Tenses

~ Present perfect: positive and negative forrns;use withfor and sincePresent perfect negativeVwe/you/they haven'trrivedot comeetc.has n'thas notformal)

Notes onfor and since:J have been here for two hours.(= period of time up to the present)J haven 'tplayed tennis for ten years.(= period of time up to the present)J have been here sinceeight o'clock.(= point of time in the past)

11Members of the Staywell Keep-Fit Club gave up a lot of bad habitssome years ago and started to live in a very healthy way. Thepresident of the club is talking about some of the members.Make sentences using the present perfect withfor or since,according to the sentences and words given. Use positive ornegative forms as indicated.1 Sid stopped smoking 18 years ago. (smoke (negative), for)

SiAi hMn't 4maked fur 18 !1W_~_. _2 Don became a vegetarian in 1980. (be (positive), since)

3 Liza began to be interested in healthy eating five years ago. (be (positive), for)

4 Sam gave up alcohol after his car accident. (drink (negative), since)

5 1started running two kilometres every morning in 1985. (run (positive), since)6 Mary stopped going to bed after midnight two years ago. (stay up (negative), for)

7 Sue and Pam stopped taking useless medicines when they joined the health club.(take (negative), since)

8 Bob and 1play squash every Friday night. This began when the squash court opened.(play (positive), since)


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13 Present perfect: rnixed simple forros, including negative Questions

Present perfect: rnixed simple forms, includingnegative questionsHaven't I/we/you/they

ome?e/she/it etc. Examples:Ha ven 't they arrived yet?Why ha ven't you told them about it?Why hasn't she paid the money?

Mr Barker has arrived at the office in abad mood. Write thecorrect form of the verbs in italics (question or statement,positive or negative). Ir the verb is already correct, write 'nochange'.BARKER:NORRIS:BARKER:

NORA:BARKER:

DAVE:

NORA:

NORRIS:BARKER:NORRIS:

BARKER:

1asked for the payments list yesterday. It isn't here. Why lit has arrived on my desk?The people in the payments office 2have been very busy recently. Perhaps 3they have hadtime to find it for you.Humph! And you, Nora. 4 have told you always to have a cup of coffee waiting for me when1arrive?I'm sorry Mr Barker. The coffee machine 5has broken down.Bah! 6 have had any breakfast this morning, and now you tell me there's no coffee! Andlook! 7The cleaner has emptied my ashtray. It's still full of cigarette ends from yesterday.(whispers to Nora): What abad mood he's in! Perhaps 8his wife has gone on a business tripagain.(whispers to Dave): Or perhaps 9she has told him howwonderful he is. IOHe'salwaysliked hearing that kind of thing, you know.Er ... Mr Barker, llyou haveforgotten something this morning?What is it now?12I've arranged your meeting with Mr Nashimuro, the head of Tony Electronics, just as youasked me to do yesterday. But l3you have put your tie on.Oh dear no, you're right. l4I'veforgotten my tie. Can 1borrow yours?

12 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _

8 _9 _10 _11 _12 _13 _14 _

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around 800 BC in Ancient Greece,abolished by

the first Latn__________ the first country outside Europe and

the Summer Olympics. The cities of Paris, London,_________ the Olympics twice.

Practise your Tenses

[] Present perfect and simple pastB Complete the passage below, using the correct form of the verb inbrackets (present perfect or simple past).The OIympic GamesThe original Olympic G.ames (lbegin) b~_Ct_n _and econtinue) until they ebe)the Roman Emperor Theodosius in AD 393. The first modern Olympics (4take place)__________ in Athens in 1896, and since then, more than a dozen different countries(5stage)Berlin and Los Angeles (6stage)

In 1956, Australia Cbecome)America to stage the Olympics, while Mexico (sbe)American country to stage the Olympics, in 1968.

Many of the greatest athletes in the world (9take part) in theOlympic Games, but no one (lOequal) the achievements of the greatFinnish athlete, Paavo Nurmi, who between 1920 and 1928 (1Iwn) ninegold and three silver medals.

The Olympic Games (12see) many tragedies and triumphs. Forexample, in the marathon of 1908, the little Italian, Dorando Pietri e3collapse)__________ five times in the last part of the race, but (14come)__________ first - only to be disqualified because spectators (15help)__________ him over the finishing line. And in 1936, the famous black Allericanathlete Jesse Owens, e6break) six world records in a single day!

From the first modern Olympics in Athens, when only fourteen countries (17participate)__________ ,the Olympics eSgrow) to include over 140countries. Gold, silver and bronze medals (19g0) to over 8,000 men andwomen.

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