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PACIFIC SHOREBIRD POLICY & FUNDING ALIGNMENTS REPORT

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A product of the Pacific Shorebird Conservation Initiative and National Audubon Society

Heading

Body text

International Environmental Policy Initiatives

and Multilateral Funding Mechanisms:

Alignment with the Pacific Americas Shorebird

Conservation Strategy


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A product of the National Audubon Society and Pacific Shorebird Conservation Initiative with support from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation

Front cover photo credit (clockwise): Pete Brannon/Audubon Photography Awards, Salvadora Morales/Manomet, Orlando Jarquin/Quetzalli Nicaragua. Suggested Citation: Greenwald, Steven. 2019. International policy initiatives and multilateral funding mechanisms: Alignment with the Pacific Americas Shorebird Conservation Strategy. National Audubon Society and Pacific Shorebird Conservation Initiative. Washington, DC.


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Table of Contents

Executive Summary 4

Introduction to the Pacific Americas Shorebird Conservation Strategy 5

Multilateral Environmental Agreements 6

Summary 6 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 6 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 7 Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) 8 Ramsar Convention on Wetlands 9 Environmental Convention Alignment with Pacific Shorebird Strategy 10

Public Funding Mechanisms 11

Summary 11 Global Environment Facility (GEF) 11 Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) 15 Green Climate Fund (GCF) 16 International Monetary Fund (IMF) 19 Corporación Andina de Fomento- Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina (CAF) 20 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) 21 United Nations Environment Program (UN Environment) 22 Organization of American States (OAS) 23 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 24

Tips for Accessing Funds 25

Conclusion 27

Appendices 28

List of Tables Table 1. Environmental convention’s goal and target that align with the Pacific Shorebird

Strategies. 10 Table 2. Global Environment Fund-6 funding allocations by country and program. 12 Table 3. Inter-America Development Bank Environment and Natural Program allocations by

country. 15 Table 4. Green Climate Fund Program allocation by country. 17 Table 5. Corporación Andina de Fomento- Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina allocations

by country. 20


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Executive Summary

Shorebirds are known to be especially vulnerable to environmental and anthropogenic changes in their ecosystems, which in turn can negatively impact their populations along with both terrestrial and marine biodiversity of the region. In order to reverse these changes, migratory shorebirds will need to be protected through a linked series of coordinated strategic conservation efforts that protect the quantity and quality of available habitats throughout the Americas. The Pacific Americas Shorebird Conservation Strategy (hereafter, Pacific Shorebird Strategy) was developed to enhance the effectiveness of conservation initiatives through seven strategies and shorebird targets varying from increasing capacity of relevant stakeholders and partners to the conservation and management of habitat. In order to accomplish this work at scale, it will be necessary to align with, and leverage regional and international policy initiatives like the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals, UN Convention of Migratory Species and the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. Alignment and support toward achieving the goals within these agreements can then be leveraged with large scale funding from public funding mechanisms such as the Global Environmental Facility and the Green Climate Fund among several other bi and multi-lateral funding mechanisms. Funding provided by these mechanisms can allow the governments in partnership with the None Government Organizations across the Pacific Americas Flyway countries to implement larger scale conservation programs that protect and improve habitats and the shorebirds that depend on them.

This report looks at how the Pacific Shorebird Strategy’s action plans align with multilateral international environmental conventions, along with various public funding mechanisms, in order to understand the best strategy to combat the hemispheric challenges facing shorebirds in the Pacific Americas Flyway.

Pacific Shorebird Strategy planning committee members.


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Introduction to the Pacific Americas Shorebird Conservation Strategy

Throughout the Americas, the strategy covers the Pacific coast of North, Central, and South America, covering the 120 degrees of latitude that migratory shorebirds rely on across the region. Nearly 45% of Arctic shorebird populations are decreasing and there has been an 11% decline in shorebird population over all four regions used in the strategy (Arctic/subarctic, North temperate, Neotropical, and South temperate). Habitat conversion has already and will continue to put stress onto the environment that will continue to affect the 21 target shorebirds that stop in 14 countries along the Pacific coast. The main purpose of the Pacific Shorebird Strategy is to identify priority threats, effective conservation actions and coordinated approaches necessary to maintain and restore populations of shorebirds and their habitats. In order to achieve this, seven key strategies were identified to focus the work to conserve and protect the shorebirds from decline:

1. Habitat Conservation: to manage and conserve existing habitats 2. Education: to cultivate and empower conservation constituencies 3. Industry Partnerships: to create conservation initiatives with natural resource industries 4. Law Enforcement: to strengthen compliance and enforcement 5. Conservation Policy: to develop environmental and wildlife protection policies 6. Research: to improve knowledge of present and future habitats 7. Organizational Capacity: to increase partner and stakeholder capacity These seven strategies take the broad focus of the Pacific Shorebird Strategy and convert them into manageable and productive approaches to achieve a vision of sustaining shorebird populations for present and future generations. The Pacific Shorebird Strategy is carried forward as the Pacific Shorebird Conservation Initiative (hereafter, the Pacific Shorebird Initiative, https://pacificflywayshorebirds.org/).

Partners attending Central American Aquaculture Symposium,

Honduras. Photo: Salvadora Morales/Manomet

https://pacificflywayshorebirds.org/


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Multilateral Environmental Agreements

Summary

Multilateral environmental agreements, or conventions, have become a critical way for nations to work toward common conservation goals by setting targets, often mediated by the United Nations (UN). These agreements are a type of treaty that aim to achieve environmental goals at the international scale. Some of the most important environmental conventions are the Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention on Migratory Species, and the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands; the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals also provide meaningful social and economic development targets that can support shorebird conservation. Multilateral environmental agreements guide actions using “soft laws” for compliance to ensure that environmental, legal, and governance regimes have a common framework for their work. These conventions can be a useful way to connect the development agenda with environmental mandates, which all help to contribute to global sustainable development. This report will look at the connection between the Pacific Shorebird Strategy’s goals and the various international conventions that are important to the protection of habitat and the species that use them.

United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

Website: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300

Established: September 2015

Based: New York City, New York, U.S.A.

Mission: The Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges humans face, including those related to poverty, inequality, climate, environmental degradation, prosperity, and peace and justice. The goals interconnect and in order to leave no one behind, the UN is aiming to achieve each goal and target by 2030.

Scope: International

Program Priorities:

1. Poverty alleviation 2. Democratic governance and peacebuilding 3. Climate change and disaster risk 4. Economic inequality

Alignment with Pacific Shorebird Strategy: The SDGs came into effect in January 2016, and they will continue to guide the UN’s Development Program policy and funding until 2030. Of the 17 Goals, Goal 14: Life below Water, and Goal 15: Life on Land, are most in line with the Pacific Shorebird Strategy; both look to conserve and protect the multitude of species that rely on endangered habitats to survive. Goal 14 aims to manage sustainably essential global resources such as fish species in the ocean, avoiding plastic in the oceans, and maintaining a clean ocean through strategies including habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance enforcement, environment and wildlife protection policy development, habitat education, and organizational capacity. Goal 15 specifically looks to manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse degradation, as well as halt biodiversity loss through strategies that focus on habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance and enforcement, environmental and wildlife protection policy development, habitat education and organizational capacity. See Appendix 2 for contact information.

Signatory Countries: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates.html

American Oystercatcher.

Photo: Jesse Gordon/Audubon Photography Awards

https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300

https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/memberstates.html


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Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

Website: http://www.cbd.int

Established: 5 June 1992 in Rio de Janiero (Signed); 29 December 1993 (Effective)

Based: Montreal, Canada

Mission: The objectives of this convention, to be pursued in accordance with its relevant provisions, are the conservation of biological diversity, sustainable use of its components and fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, including by appropriate access to genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of relevant technologies, taking into account all rights over those resources and to technologies, and by appropriate funding.

Scope:

1. Link traditional conservation efforts to the economic goal of using biological resources

sustainably

2. Set principles for the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic

resources

3. Cover rapidly expanding field of biotechnology through its Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety,

addressing technology development and transfer, benefit-sharing and biosafety issues

4. Offer decision making based on the precautionary principle, which demands that where there is a

threat of significant reduction or loss of biological diversity, lack of full scientific certainty

should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to avoid or minimize such a threat.

Program Priorities:

1. The conservation of biological diversity

2. The sustainable use of components of biological diversity

3. The fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources

Alignment with Pacific Shorebird Strategy: The CBD Aichi targets are divided into five strategic goals that look to address underlying causes of biodiversity loss, reduce direct pressures on biodiversity, and improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, enhancing the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services, and enhancing implementation through participatory planning, knowledge, management, and capacity building. Much like the SDG, it can be difficult to decide which offer the best opportunities for funding, but it seems that Targets 11 and 12 align the best with the Pacific Shorebird Strategy goals. Target 11 seeks to conserve terrestrial and inland water areas along with coastal and marine areas by using habitat management, creating conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, comply with and enforce laws, and develop environmental and wildlife protection policy. Target 12 hopes to prevent extinction of threatened species and improve their conservation status by using strategies such as habitat management, conservation initiatives, compliance and enforcement, environment and wildlife protection policy, and habitat education. See Appendix 2 for contact information.

Signatory Parties: https://www.cbd.int/information/parties.shtml

http://www.cbd.int/

https://www.cbd.int/information/parties.shtml


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Convention on Migratory Species (CMS)

Website: https://www.cms.int/

Established: 1 November 1983

Based: Bonn, Germany

Mission: The convention is based on the principle that conservation and effective management of migratory species of wild animals require the concerted action of all States within the national jurisdictional boundaries of which such species spend any part of their life cycle.

Scope:

1. Recognize that wild animals are irreplaceable part of the earth’s natural system which must be

conserved for the good of mankind

2. Aware that human holds the resources of the earth for future generations and has the obligation to

ensure the conservation of this legacy

3. Conscious of the value of wild animals from environmental, ecological, genetic, scientific,

aesthetic, recreational, cultural, educational, social, and economic points of view

4. Concerned for those species of wild animals that migrate across or outside national jurisdictional

boundaries

5. Conservation and effective management of migratory species require concerted action of all states

Program Priorities:

1. Conservation of migratory species

2. Conservation of species habitats

3. Migration routes

4. Migratory species threatened with extinction on Appendix 1

Alignment with Pacific Shorebird Strategy: The goals of the Convention on Migratory Species are closely related to the CBD targets and therefore help to build upon the work the CBD and SDGs are doing in terms of conservation. The targets that relate most with the Pacific Flyway are 8, 10, and 12, which discuss improving the conservation status of migratory species, protecting and identifying habitats to conserve and provide resilience, as well as safeguarding genetic diversity of wild populations of migratory species. Target 8 works to improve the conservation status of all migratory species, which can be achieved by habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance and enforcement, environmental and wildlife protection policy development, and habitat education. Target 10 identifies critical habitats for migratory species to maintain their integrity and quality through strategies such as habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance and enforcement, and environmental and wildlife protection policy development. Target 12 safeguards the genetic diversity of wild populations of migratory species by implementing strategies that minimize genetic erosion such as habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance and enforcement, environmental and wildlife protection policy development, and habitat education. See Appendix 2 for contact information.

Signatory Countries: https://www.cms.int/en/parties-range-states

https://www.cms.int/

https://www.cms.int/en/parties-range-states


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Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

Website: https://www.ramsar.org/

Established: 21 December 1975

Based: Gland, Switzerland

Mission: The conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world.

Scope:

1. Uses a broad definition of wetlands that includes all lakes, rivers, underground aquifers, swamps,

and marshes, wet grasslands, peatlands, oases, estuaries, deltas and tidal flats, mangroves and

other coastal areas, coral reefs and all man-made sites

2. The maintenance of wetland’s ecological character, achieved through the implementation of

ecosystem approaches, within the context of sustainable development

3. Continuation of designation of wetlands for inclusion in the List

Program Priorities:

1. Work toward the wise use of all wetlands

2. Designate suitable wetlands for the list of Wetlands of International Importance and ensure their

effective management

3. Cooperate internationally on transboundary wetlands, shared wetlands systems and shared species

Alignment with Pacific Shorebird Strategy: Ramsar was adopted in 1971 as a framework to conserve wetlands and their resources. This framework created a set of almost 20 goals, but two hold a strong relation to the Pacific Shorebird Strategy. Ramsar Targets 6 and 12 aim to maintain and restore ecological sites through effective planning and integrated management as well as restoring degraded wetlands to prioritize areas relevant to biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation. Target 6 seeks to increase the area, numbers, and ecological connectivity in the Ramsar Site network in underrepresented ecoregions by using strategies such as habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance and enforcement, environmental and wildlife protection policy development, and habitat education. Target 12 intends to restore degraded wetlands, with priority to wetlands that strategically uses habitat management, conservation initiatives with natural resource industries, compliance and enforcement, environmental and wildlife protection policy, development and organizational capacity to protect these lands. See Appendix 1 for Ramsar sites within the Pacific Americas Flyway that are important for shorebirds. See Appendix 2 for contact information.

Signatory Countries: https://www.ramsar.org/country-profiles

https://www.ramsar.org/

https://www.ramsar.org/country-profiles


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Environmental Convention Alignment with Pacific Shorebird Strategy

Each of the environmental conventions above serves as an important connection into the international conservation arena, which is needed to protect migratory birds and their habitats. This section serves as an explanation of the specific connections between the strategy and each convention. It will go through each of the seven strategies and discuss their relationship with each of the nine chosen targets from the conventions.

Table 1. Environmental convention’s goal and target that align with the Pacific Shorebird Strategies.

Convention Goal/Target Pacific Strategy

Alignment

Sustainable

Development Goals

Goal 14: Conserve oceans for sustainable development Strategy 1,3,4,5,6,7

Goal 15: Protect, restore, and promote sustainable ecosystem use Strategy 1,3,4,5,6,7

Convention on

Biological Diversity

Target 11: by 2020, at least 17% of terrestrial and inland water,

and 10% of coastal marine areas are conserved effectively

Strategy 1,3,4,5

Target 12: By 2020, the extinction of known threatened species

has been prevented and their conservation status has been

improved or sustained

Strategy 1,3,4,5,6

Convention on

Migratory Species

Target 8: The conservation status of all migratory species

especially threatened species has considerably improved

Strategy 1,3,4,5,6

Target 10: All critical habitats and sites for migratory species are

identified and included in area-based conservation measures so as

to maintain their quality, integrity, resilience, and functioning

Strategy 1,3,4,5

Target 12: The genetic diversity of wild populations of migratory

species is safeguarded, and strategies have been developed and

implemented for minimizing genetic erosion

Strategy 1,3,4,5,6

Convention on

Wetlands

Target 6: There is a significant increase in area, numbers, and

ecological connectivity in the Ramsar Site Network

Strategy 1,3,4,5,6,7

Target 12: Restoration is in progress in degraded wetlands with

priority to wetlands that are relevant for biodiversity conservation,

disaster relief reduction and/or climate change mitigation

Strategy 1,3,4,5,7

Notes: Strategy 1. Manage and conserve existing habitats. Strategy 2. Cultivate and empower conservation constituencies. Strategy 3. Create conservation initiatives with natural resource industries. Strategy 4. Strengthen compliance and enforcement. Strategy 5. Develop environmental and wildlife protection policies. Strategy 6. Improve knowledge of present and future habitats. Strategy 7. Increase partner and stakeholder capacity. See Appendix 2 for contact information.


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Public Funding Mechanisms

Summary

Funding mechanisms are an important part of conservation efforts due to a growing concern within the international community about the ability to combat global environmental issues, like climate change. International organizations and the public sector are key to wildlife and environmental conservation but they often lack the capacity to combat key threats. This report looks at eight different funding mechanisms that may be relevant to achieving desired outcomes from the Pacific Shorebird Strategy. Some of the funding mechanisms are more relevant than others, but each has a place in the conversation about conserving shorebirds and their habitats on the Pacific coast of the Americas. Mechanisms such as the Global Environmental Facility or the Green Climate Fund are more closely connected to the mission of Pacific Shorebird Strategy as compared to the Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperative due to the alignment of their mission and their patterns of fund allocation. The funding narratives below each include a short description, the relevant conventions they fund or support, their priorities, ways to access the funding, and information on accredited entities to distribute and manage the funding. The Pacific Shorebird Conservation Initiative and its strategy covers fourteen countries: Colombia, Chile, Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Peru, Canada, the United States and Russia, and each nation has unique areas of focus within each funding mechanisms.

Global Environment Facility (GEF)

Website: Http://www.thegef.org Established: October 1992 before the Rio Earth Summit Secretariat: Washington, D.C. – Each signatory country will have a focal point Mission: The GEF is a global partnership to protect the environment that funds innovative projects in developing countries that generate global environmental benefits in climate change, biodiversity, international waters, land degradation, chemicals and waste. GEF is a mechanism for collaboration to safeguard the planet together. Conventions Funded:

Convention on Biological Diversity

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants

UN Convention to Combat Desertification

Minamata Convention on Mercury

Scope:

Agricultural biodiversity

Dry and sub-humid lands biodiversity

Forest biodiversity

Inland waters biodiversity

Island biodiversity

Marine and coastal biodiversity

Mountain biodiversity

Administration of Funds: The World Bank serves as the GEF Trustee, administering the GEF Trust Fund.

The Trustee helps mobilize GEF resources, disburses funds to GEF agencies, prepares financial reports on

investments and use of resources, and monitors application of budgetary, and project funds. In most cases,

the GEF provides funding to support government projects and programs. Individual governments decide

http://www.thegef.org/


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on the executing agency (e.g., governmental institutions, civil society organizations, private sector

companies and research institutions). The GEF provides funding through four modalities: 1) full-sized

projects, 2) medium-sized projects, 3) enabling activities and 4) programmatic approaches. See Appendix

3 for contact information.

Audubon’s Experience with GEF: In 2015, GEF approved a full-size project in Chile that would focus on “Strengthening the Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change in the Fisheries and Aquaculture Sector”. The project looks to reduce vulnerability and increase the adaptive capacity to climate change in Chile’s Fisheries and Aquaculture Sector. The Special Climate Change Fund finances the project while Chile’s Ministry of the Environment executes it. The process to approval began in 2014 and ended with final approval for implementation in 2016. The proposal found approval by focusing on four districts (Valparaiso, Coquimbo, O’Higgins, and Araucania) in Chile to show the necessity and ability to implement the program in the country. The four pilot sites already had agreements to work from partners as well as consultations. In addition, the proposal leaves open the possibility of increasing the amount of sites with similar problems with degradation and biodiversity loss with initial consultations having already started. Giving a broad definition of biodiversity and the ability to work with various organization is shown to protect the entire ecosystem is important. The idea of a win-win situation has been a common way to receive GEF funding and the Chile team successfully used it. https://www.thegef.org/project/strengthening-adaptive-capacity-climate-change-fisheries-and-aquaculture-sector

Table 2. Global Environment Fund-6 funding allocations by country and program.

Focal Areas Program Funding(USD)

Chile Climate Change $6,415,532

Land Degradation $1,848,502

Biodiversity $18,060,179

Total $26,324,213

Colombia Climate Change $ 10,377,586

Land Degradation $ 2,418,957

Biodiversity $ 39,327,593

Total $52,124,136

Costa Rica Climate Change $ 2,635,350

Land Degradation $ 673,822


Total $ 14,908,203

Ecuador Climate Change $ 3,188,087

https://www.thegef.org/project/strengthening-adaptive-capacity-climate-change-fisheries-and-aquaculture-sector

https://www.thegef.org/project/strengthening-adaptive-capacity-climate-change-fisheries-and-aquaculture-sector


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Total $ 32,477,196

El Salvador Climate Change $ 2,000,000



Total $ 4,071,888

Guatemala Climate Change $ 7,007,773



Total $ 9,780,445

Honduras Climate Change $ 2,000,000



Total $ 10,952,072

Mexico Climate Change $ 27,775,824



Total $ 88,093,460

Nicaragua Climate Change $ 2,000,000



Total $ 7,319,900

Panama Climate Change $2,000,000

Land Degradation $11,700,929


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Biodiversity $500,000

Total $14,200,929

Peru Climate Change $ 7,122,410



Total $ 39,984,567


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Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)

Website: https://www.iadb.org/en Established: 1959, Based: Washington, D.C. Mission: The IDB works to improve lives in Latin America and the Caribbean. Through financial and technical support for countries working to reduce poverty and inequality, we help improve health and education, and advance infrastructure. Our aim is to achieve development in a sustainable, climate-friendly way.

Financial Mechanism for Borrowing Countries: Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela

Non-borrowing countries: United States, European Shareholders, Japan, Canada

Scope:

1. Social inclusion and equality

2. Productivity and innovation

3. Economic integration

4. Gender equality and diversity

5. Climate change and environment sustainability

6. Institutional capacity and rule of law

Administration of Funds: The IDB has 26 borrowing member countries located within Latin America and

the Caribbean. In 1999, the IDB started using a country grouping system to help monitor the distribution

of funds with 35% of the lending going toward Group II and 65% channeled to Group I. The grouping of

countries is based on the GNP per capita in each country in 1997. The IDB is mandated to devote at least

50% of its operations and 40% of its resources to programs that promote social equity and reduce poverty.

In addition to the traditional Trust Fund grants, the IDB also supports small-scale targeted interventions

through the Multilateral Investment Fund that pilots approaches for larger reforms. It is a great source of

private-public partnerships through technical assistance and is beneficial to organizations in both sectors.

See Appendix 4 for contact information. Audubon’s experience with IDB can be reviewed here: https://www.audubon.org/sites/default/files/birds_mean_business.pdf Table 3. Inter-America Development Bank Environment and Natural Program allocations by country.

Allocations Funding(USD)

Colombia $9,265,000

Costa Rica $20,000,000

Ecuador $12,447,790

Honduras $ 25,000,000

Mexico $995,800,000

Peru $ 16,800,000

Note: Chile, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama did not receive funding in 2018.

https://www.iadb.org/en

https://www.audubon.org/sites/default/files/birds_mean_business.pdf


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Green Climate Fund (GCF)

Website: https://www.greenclimate.fund/home

Established: 2010

Based: Incheon, South Korea

Mission: The GCF is a new global fund created to support the efforts of developing countries to respond

to the challenge of climate change. GCF helps developing countries limit or reduce their greenhouse gas

emissions and adapt to climate change. It seeks to promote a paradigm shift to low-emission and climate-

resilient development, taking into account the needs of nations that are particularly vulnerable to climate

change impacts.

Convention funded: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Scope:

1. Prioritizing pipeline development 2. Strengthening the Fund’s proactive and strategic approach to programming 3. Enhancing accessibility and predictability 4. Maximizing the engagement of the private sector 5. Building adequate institutional capabilities

Administration of Funds: The GCF seeks to catalyze funds, multiplying the effect of its initial financing

by opening markets to new investments. It creates new models for climate finance, channeling investment

from both the public and private sectors. GCF lists six criteria in its Investment: 1) impact potential, 2)

paradigm shift potential, 3) sustainable development potential, 4) needs of the recipient, 5) country

ownership and 6) efficiency and effectiveness. Access to GCF resources to undertake climate change

projects and programs is possible for accredited entities who can submit funding proposals at any time.

See Appendix 7 for contact information.

https://www.greenclimate.fund/home


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Table 4. Green Climate Fund Program allocation by country.

Country Program Funding(USD)

Chile 1 Climate Action and Solar Energy Development Program $49,000,000 Loan

GEEREF NeXT2 $250,000,000 Equity

$15,000,000 Grant

Colombia 3 Scaling up Climate Resilient Water Management $38,500,000 Grant

Costa Rica4 Productive Investment Initiative for Adaption to Climate Change $ 12,500,000 Loan

$ 3,000,000 Grant

GEEREF NeXT5 $ 250,000,000 Equity

$ 15,000,000 Grant

Ecuador 6 Transforming Financial Systems for Climate7 $ 240,000,000 Loan

$ 35,600,000 Grant

Priming Financial and Land-Use Planning Instruments to Reduce

Emissions from Deforestation

$ 41,2000,000 Grant

El Salvador8 Productive Investment Initiative for Adaption to Climate Change9 $ 12,500,000 Loan

$ 3,000,000 Grant

Upscaling climate resilience measure in the dry corridor

agroecosystems of El Salvador

$ 35,800,000 Grant

Energy savings insurance for private energy efficiency

investments by Small and Medium-sized Enterprises

$ 20,000,000 Loan

$ 1,700,000 Grant

Guatemala10 Productive Investment Initiative for Adaption to Climate Change11 $ 12,500,000 Loan

$ 3,000,000 Grant

Building livelihood resilience to climate change in the upper

basins of Guatemala’s highlands

$ 22,000,000 Grant

Low-Emission Climate Resilient Agriculture Risk Sharing Facility

for MSME’s12

$ 5,400,000 Loan

$ 1,500,000 Guarantee

$ 11,000,000 Equity

1 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/chile 2 Project allocation distributed over 29 countries in LAC, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia-Pacific 3 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/colombia 4 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/costa-rica 5 Project allocation distributed over 29 countries in LAC, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia-Pacific 6 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/ecuador 7 Project allocation distributed over 17 countries in LAC and Africa 8 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/el-salvador 9 Project allocation spread over 7 LAC countries 10 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/guatemala 11 Project allocation spread over 7 LAC countries 12 Project allocation split between Guatemala and Mexico

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/chile

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/colombia

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/costa-rica

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/ecuador

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/el-salvador

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/guatemala


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Country Program Funding(USD)

$ 2,100,000 Grant


$ 15,000,000 Grant

Honduras14 Productive Investment Initiative for Adaption to Climate Change15 $ 12,500,000 Loan

$ 3,000,000 Grant

Mexico 16 Low-Emission Climate Resilient Agriculture Risk Sharing Facility

for MSMEs17

$ 5,400,000 Loan

$ 1,500,000 Guarantee

$ 11,000,000 Equity

$ 2,100,000 Grant


$ 15,000,000 Grant

Nicaragua19 Productive Investment Initiative for Adaption to Climate Change20 $ 12,500,000 Loan

$ 3,000,000 Grant

Panama 21 Initiative for Adaption to Climate Change22 $12,500,000 Loan

$ 3,000,000 Grant

Peru 23 Building the Resilience of Wetlands in the Province of Datem del

Maranon, Peru

$ 6,200,000 Grant

13 Project allocation distributed over 29 countries in LAC, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia-Pacific 14 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/honduras 15 Project allocation spread over 7 LAC countries 16 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/mexico 17 Project allocation split between Guatemala and Mexico 18 Project allocation distributed over 29 countries in LAC, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia-Pacific 19 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/nicaragua 20 Project allocation spread over 7 LAC countries 21 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/panama 22 Project allocation distributed over 7 Latin American countries (Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador,

Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama) 23 https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/peru

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/honduras

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/mexico

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/nicaragua

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/panama

https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/peru


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International Monetary Fund (IMF)

Website: https://www.imf.org/external/index.htm

Established: 27 December 1945

Based: Washington, D.C.

Mission: The IMF’s primary purpose is to insure the stability of the international monetary system—the

system of exchange rates and international payments that enables countries to transact with each other. It

does this in three ways: keeping track of the global economy and the economies of member countries;

lending to countries with balance of payments difficulties; and giving practical help to members.

Financial Mechanism of: 189 member states

Scope:

1. Economic Surveillance

2. Lending

3. Capacity Development

Administration of Funds: Lending arrangements are approved by the Executive Board to support a

country’s adjustment program. The arrangement requires the member to observe specific terms in order to

be eligible to receive a disbursement. The IMF assists countries hit by crises by providing support to

create breathing room as they implement policies to restore economic stability and growth. It also

provides precautionary financing to help prevent and insure against crises. The Fund understands that

economic development can negatively affect the environment and focuses on three measures to promote a

greener growth: 1) reduce environmental harm, 2) balance between environmental benefits and economic

costs, and 3) use fiscal reform to address environmental problems. See Appendix 5 for contact

information.

.

Celebrating the WHSRN designation of Delta del Estero Real, Nicaragua. Photo: Salvadora Morales/Manomet

https://www.imf.org/external/index.htm


20

Corporación Andina de Fomento- Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina (CAF)

Website: https://www.caf.com/es/proyectos/

Established: 7 February 1968

Based: Caracas, Venezuela

Mission: CAF promotes a model of sustainable development through credit operation, non-reimbursable

resources and supports in the technical and financial structuring of projects of the public and private

sectors in Latin America.

Financial Mechanism for:

Series “A” and “B” stockholder countries24: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador,

Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela

Series “B” Stockholders: 13 private regional Banks

Series “C” stockholder countries: Barbados, Chile, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Jamaica,

Mexico, Portugal, and Spain

Scope:

1. Identify investment opportunity

2. Furnish technical and financial assistance needed to prepare and carry out multinational projects

3. Promote capital and technology contributions

4. Acquire and dispose of personal and real property, to file or answer judicial and administrative

actions and to carry out all kinds of operations, acts, contract, and agreements

Administration of Funds: CAF is supported by its operating results, loan portfolio quality, and continuous

growth in total assets and shareholder’s equity. Their performance is the result of its financial strength,

loan portfolio quality, and its conservative financial policies. CAF’s funding strategy is based on

matching the maturities of its liabilities of its loan portfolio while diversifying financial instruments,

markets, and investor base. CAF uses a variety of loans and credit lines from multilateral and bilateral

institutions to finance medium and long-term activities. CAF has subscribed credit agreements with

multilateral agencies and official institutions of developed countries and has obtained credit lines and

loans from international banks on very attractive terms and conditions. See Appendix 6 for contact

information.

Table 5. Corporación Andina de Fomento- Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina allocations by country.

Country Funding (USD)

Chile $1,848,000,000

Colombia $595,000,000

Costa Rica $1,848,000,000

Ecuador $766,000,000

Country Funding (USD)

Mexico $1,848,000,000

Panama $ 2,077,000,000

Peru $ 2,139,000,000

24 Series “A” and “B” stockholder countries receive a majority of loans

https://www.caf.com/es/proyectos/


21

United Nations Development Program (UNDP)

Website: https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home.html

Established: 1965

Based: New York, NY

Mission: UNDP works in about 170 countries and territories, helping to achieve the eradication of

poverty, and the reduction of inequalities and exclusion. We help countries to develop policies, leadership

skills, partnering abilities, institutional capabilities and build resilience in order to sustain development

results.

Scope:

1. Eradicate poverty in all its forms and dimensions

2. Accelerate structural transformations

3. Build resilience to shock and crises

Administration of Funds: Funding by the UNDP is divided into 5 groups: 1) Core resources, 2) Thematic

funds, 3) UN Pooled Funds, 4) Earmarked Funds, 5) Vertical Funds. More than a fifth of all contributions

to the UN development system are donated to the UNDP and provided as either core or non-core

resources. Thematic funds are pooled to achieve a target outlined in the strategic plan. UN pooled funds

help to support particular projects or programs and are managed by the UN Secretariat. Earmarked funds

are designated to specific projects or programs at the global, regional, or country level. Vertical Funds are

high-visibility, single-issue advocacy campaigns to tackle specific development specifically working with

the Global Fund, Global Environment Facility, and Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the

Montreal Protocol. See Appendix 8 for contact information.

Short-billed Dowitchers and Greater Yellowlegs

Photo: Dan Ion/Audubon Photography Awards

https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home.html


22

United Nations Environment Program (UN Environment)

Website: https://www.unenvironment.org/

Established: 5 June 1972

Based: New York, NY

Mission: UN Environment is the leading global environmental authority that sets the global

environmental agenda, promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of

sustainable development within the United Nations system, and serves as an authoritative advocate for the

global environment. Its mission is to provide leadership and encourage partnership in caring for the

environment by inspiring, informing, and enabling nations and peoples to improve their quality of life

without compromising that of future generations.

Scope:

1. Climate change

2. Disaster and conflicts

3. Ecosystem management

4. Chemicals and waste

5. Resource efficiency

6. Environment under review

7. Commitment to sustainability

Administration of Funds: The UN Environment relies on three sources for funding: regular budget,

environment fund, and earmarked contribution. The Environment Fund is the core fund, which supports

the essential capacity needed for the balanced and efficient delivery of UN Environment’s work. Each

country is a donor to the fund and a recipient of the benefits. The 193 Member States comprising UN

Environment are responsible for providing sufficient resources to fund the program and budget that they

approve. In addition to the Member States, Multilateral Entities and UN Partners provide important

support at the global and regional levels. See Appendix 8 for contact information.

Shorebird conservation in shrimp farms working group members at workshop. Photo: B. Delgado/CORBIDI

Shrimp farm worker distributing feed for shrimp in aquaculture ponds. Photo: Salvadora Morales/Manomet

https://www.unenvironment.org/


23

Organization of American States (OAS)

Website: http://www.oas.org/en/

Established: 30 April 1946

Based: Washington, D.C.

Mission: OAS was established in order to achieve among its member states—as stipulated in Article 1 of

the Charter—"an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration,

and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence."

Member States: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic,

Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United

States of America, Uruguay, Venezuela, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, Grenada, Suriname,

Dominica, Saint Lucia, Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, The Bahamas, St. Kitts

and Nevis, Canada, Guyana. See Appendix 9 for contact informtion.

Scope:

1. Democracy

2. Human Rights

3. Security

4. Development

Workshop participants (incl. industry representatives) discussing

ways to reduce bird disturbance at shrimp farms. Photo: Itala Yepez.

http://www.oas.org/en/


24

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

Website: https://www.apec.org/

Established: November 1989

Based: Singapore

Mission: APEC is the premier Asia-Pacific economic forum. Its primary goal is to support sustainable

economic growth and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region. APEC is united in its drive to build a dynamic

and harmonious Asia-Pacific community by championing free and open trade and investment, promoting

and accelerating regional economic integration, encouraging economic and technical cooperation,

enhancing human security, and facilitating a favorable and sustainable business environment. APEC

initiatives turn policy goals into concrete results and agreements into tangible benefits.

Scope:

1. Trade and Investment Liberalization

2. Business Facilitation

3. Economic and Technical Cooperation

Administration of Funds: APEC provides funding for around 100 projects each year with around USD

15.4 million available. Projects typically include workshops, symposia, publications, and research. Most

APEC projects focus on transferring knowledge and skills among members and building capacity as

member move closer toward the Bogor goals. APEC administers two-project approval session per year

for APEC member economies to apply for funding. Project sessions are very competitive with more

applications than available funding. Members are encouraged to think deeply about their project, and

consult widely with their colleagues to ensure that they have the best possible chance of receiving

funding.

https://www.apec.org/


25

Tips for Accessing Fund

Accessing these sources of public funding can be challenging, but below are some of the important criteria that the funding mechanisms use to reach their overarching goals.

GCF Investment Framework Criteria25

1. Impact potential 2. Paradigm shift potential 3. Sustainable development potential 4. Needs of the recipient 5. Country ownership 6. Efficiency and effectiveness

GEF Funding Criteria 26

1. Each project follows a specific project cycle

2. Conforms with the eligibility criteria decided by the Conference of Parties (CoPs) of each

Convention

3. Eligible to borrow from the World Bank or an eligible recipient of UNDP technical assistance

a. Or an eligible individual or group may propose a project via GEF Operational Focal Point

4. Undertaken in an eligible country and is consistent with country’s national priorities and

programs

5. Address one or more of the GEF Focal Areas, improving the global environment or advance the

prospect of reducing risks to it

6. Consistent with the GEF operational strategy

7. Seeks GEF financing only for the agreed incremental costs on measures to achieve global

environmental benefits

8. Involves the public in project design and implementation

9. Endorsed by the government of the country in which it is implemented

UNDP Funding Qualifications and Eligibility27

1. Have adequate financial resources to perform the contract or the ability to obtain them

2. Ability to provide audited financial statements for completed fiscal years upon request

3. Ability to comply fully with UNDP General Terms and Conditions of Contract

4. Have the necessary organization, facilities, experience, accounting, and operational controls,

adequate insurance and technical skills

5. When applicable, have a record of satisfactory performance with UNDP

6. Have sufficient material and financial resources to meet all existing commercial commitments

UNE Key Elements for Funding 28

1. Identification of new emerging environmental issues

2. Innovation for addressing environmental challenges

3. Advocacy and awareness raising

25 GCF Framework Criteria Link: https://www.greenclimate.fund/how-we-work/funding-projects 26 GEF Funding Criteria Link: https://www.thegef.org/sites/default/files/events/9-AccessGEFTrustFund_0.pdf 27 UNDP Funding Qualification Link:

https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/procurement/business/qualifications.html 28 UNEP Key Elements for Funding Link: https://www.unenvironment.org/about-un-environment/funding/funding-

facts/environment-fund

Sanderling

Photo: John Alexander/Audubon Photography Awards

https://www.greenclimate.fund/how-we-work/funding-projects

https://www.thegef.org/sites/default/files/events/9-AccessGEFTrustFund_0.pdf

https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/procurement/business/qualifications.html

https://www.unenvironment.org/about-un-environment/funding/funding-facts/environment-fund

https://www.unenvironment.org/about-un-environment/funding/funding-facts/environment-fund


26

4. Essential capability to provide capacity building services

5. Results-based planning and management

6. Robust Oversight

APEC Priorities29

1. Improving connectivity and deepening Regional Economic Integration

2. Sustainable Growth

3. Digital Society

4. Strengthening Inclusive Growth through Structural Reform and by Increasing Opportunities for

Women and SMEs

29 APEC Priorities Link: https://www.apec.org/Projects/Funding-Sources

https://www.apec.org/Projects/Funding-Sources


27

Conclusion

This report aims to analyze the connection between the Pacific Shorebird Strategy and the environmental goals and objectives of the major international conventions and public funding mechanisms at a high level. This report has synthesized information regarding the conventions and funding mechanisms to create a resource for relevant stakeholders along the Pacific Americas Flyway. When looking specifically at the alignment of the four conventions that are of primary importance to the Pacific Shorebird Strategy (SDGs, CMS, CBD, and Ramsar), it is clear that Ramsar and the Convention on Migratory Species are both aligned to a high degree due to their direct connections to habitats and the species that use them. In fact, looking at the number of Strategy-aligned goals versus total goals, these two conventions are 51% aligned with the Pacific Shorebird Strategy. The Sustainable Development Goals and the Convention on Biological Diversity are about 40% aligned with the strategy. When looking deeper into each of the four conventions, the reasons why some are more aligned than others become clear. The Sustainable Development Goals and the Convention on Biological Diversity both have a larger range of target interests than shorebirds or migratory birds, while the Convention on Migratory Species and Ramsar directly affect shorebirds and their habitat. In this report, we chose nine biological diversity-related goals and targets from the conventions as a window into the alignment of specific Pacific Shorebird Strategy strategies and found that the convention goals based on biological diversity were strongly connected. Identifying public funding mechanisms that align with the goals and objectives of the Pacific Shorebird Strategy can be difficult due to a lack of environmentally oriented funding sources. The National Audubon Society has identified nine institutions that have funded or could possibly fund integral projects on the Flyway: the Global Environmental Facility, Green Climate Fund, Inter-American Development Bank, Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Organization of American States, United Nations Development Program/United Nations Environmental Program, CAF (Coroporacion Andina de Formento) and the International Monetary Fund. Some of the funding mechanisms are more accessible to projects that Flyway partners are looking to implement due to their programmatic focus, while others have more broad missions. Specifically, organizations such as GCF and GEF seem more likely to fund projects, while the OAS, APEC, or CAF have a lower chance of alignment. Projects funded by international mechanisms in the Pacific Americas Flyway countries have primarily been in Chile, Panama, and Ecuador. In conclusion, we recommend continued work to receive funding from partners like GEF, GCF, and IDB, while trying to make inroads with new funding mechanisms such as CAF, where there are stated intentions of funding environmental causes or currently funded environmental projects in select countries.


28

Appendices

Appendix 1. Ramsar sites that are important for shorebird on the Pacific Americas Flyway 30

Country Site Date of

Designation

Region Area

Canada Fraser River Delta 24/05/1982 British Colombia 20,682 ha

Costa Rica Terraba-Sierpe 11/12/1995 Puntarenas 30,654 ha

Ecuador La Segua 07/06/2000 Manabi 1,836 ha

Mexico Humedales del Delta de Rio Colorado 20/03/1996 Baja California,

Sonora

250,000 ha

Bahia San Quintin 02/02/2008 Baja California 5,438 ha

Laguna Ojo de Liebre 02/02/2004 Baja California Sur 36,600 ha

Complejo Lagunar Bahia Guasimas- Estero

Lobos

02/02/2008 Sonora 135,198 ha

Bano de San Ignacio 02/02/2009 Nuevo Leon 4,225 ha

Sistema Lagunar Agiabampo- Bacorehuis 02/02/2008 Sonora 90,804 ha

Lagunas de Santa Maria – Topolobampo-

Ohuira

02/02/2009 Sinaloa 22,500 ha

Laguna Playa Colorado – Santa Maria La

Reforma

02/02/04 Sinaloa 53,140 ha

Ensenada de Pabellones 02/02/08 Sinaloa 40,639 ha

Humedales El Mogote- Enseanda de la Paz 02/02/2008 Baja California Sur 9,184 ha

Laguna Huizache- Caimanero 02/02/2007 Sinaloa 48,283 ha

Marismas Nacionales 22/06/1995 Sinaloa, Nayarit 200,000 ha

Laguna de Cuyutlan vasos III y IV 02/02/2011 Colima 4,051 ha

Nicaragua Deltas del Estero Real y llanos de Apacuna 08/11/2001 Chinandega 81,700 ha

30 Link: http://archive.ramsar.org/pdf/sitelist.pdf

http://archive.ramsar.org/pdf/sitelist.pdf


29

Country Site Date of

Designation

Region Area

Panama Punta Patino 13/10/1993 Darien 13,805 ha

Peru Manglares de San Pedro de Vice 12/06/2008 Sechura 3,399 ha

Bahia de Paracas 30/03/1992 Ica 335,000 ha

Santuario Nacional Lagunas de Mejia 30/03/1991 Arequipa 691 ha

USA Bolinas Lagoon 01/09/1998 California 445 ha

Izembek-Moffet Lagoons 18/12/1986 Alaska 168,433 ha

San Francisco Bay/Estuary 02/02/2013 California 158,711 ha

Tomales Bay 30/09/2002 California 2,850 ha


30

Appendix 2. Contact information for convention and treaty focal points, International Convention Agreements.

ORGANIZATION POINT OF

CONTACT

JOB TITLE Phone EMAIL City

Convention on Biological Diversity

(CBD)

Sarat Babu Ghida Senior Programme Management

Officer

(+1) 514 287

7026

[email protected] Montreal

Cristiana Pasca Palmer Executive Secretary (+1) 514 287

8710

Montreal

David Ainsworth Information Officer (+1) 514 287

7025


Mr. Markus Lehmann Senior Programme Management

Officer

(+1) 514 287

8711


Ramsar Convention Martha Rojas Urrego Secretary General (+41 229) 99-01-

70

Gland,

Switzerland

María Rivera Senior Advisor for the Americas (+41 229) 99-01-

75

[email protected] Gland,

Switzerland

Jonathan Barzdo Deputy Secretary General (+41 229) 99-02-

84

[email protected] Gland,

Switzerland

United Nations Framework

Convention on Climate Change

Patricia Espinoza Executive Secretary Bonn

Martin Frick Policy & Programme Coordination

Senior Director

(+49 228) 815-15

55

[email protected] Bonn

Youssef Nassef Adaptation (+49 228) 815

1337


James Grabert Sustainable Development

Mechanisms

(+49 228) 815

1615


Convention on the Conservation of

Migratory Species (CMS)

Bradnee Chambers Executive Secretary (+49 228) 815

2401

Bonn

Borja Heredia Head, Avian Species Team (+49 228) 815

2401

Bonn

mailto:[email protected]









31

ORGANIZATION POINT OF

CONTACT

JOB TITLE Phone EMAIL City

Nancy Cespedes Lagos Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores (+56 2) 28274718 [email protected] Chile

Rodrigo Olsen Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores +562 28274375 [email protected] Chile

Gina Cuza Jones Ministerio de Ambiente, Energia, y

Telecomunicaciones

(+506) 27950723 [email protected] Costa Rica

Julia Angelita Cordero

Guillen

Ministerio del Ambiente (+593 5) 2651848 [email protected] Ecuador

Eduardo Antonio Polo

Rodriguez

Ministerio de Ambiente, Energia, y

Telecomunicaciones

(+507)232 9630 [email protected] Panama

John Leigh Vetter Sericio Nacional Foressttal y de

Fauna Silvestre-SERFOR

(+511)2259005 [email protected] Peru








32

Appendix 3. Contact information for focal points for the Global Environment Fund

Country Name Agency Email Telephone Location Type of

focal point

Mexico Mrs. Camila Isabel

Zepeda Lizama

Ministry of Finance and Public

Credit

[email protected] +52 55 3688 2608 Mexico City Political

Guatemala Mr. Carlos Fernando

Coronado Castillo

Ministy of Environment and

Natural Resources

[email protected],

[email protected]

+502 2423 0500 ext

1216/ 1225

Guatemala Operational

Mr. Alfonso Alonzo Ministerio de Ambiente y

Recursos Naturales de

Guatemala

[email protected] +502 24230500 Guatemala Political

El Salvador Mrs. Lina Dolores

Pohl Alfaro

Ministry of Environment and

Natural Resources

[email protected] +503 213 294 18 San Salvador Political

Mr. Walter Gonzalez Ministerio de Ambiente y

Recursos Naturales

[email protected] +503 2132 9418 San Salvador Operational

Honduras Mr. Jose Antontonio

Galdames Fuentes

Secretary of Energy, Natural

Resources, Environment and

Mine

[email protected] + 504 223 57 833 Tegucigalpa Political

Ms. Rosibel Martinez

Arriaga

Secretariat of Energy, Natural

Resources, Environment and

Mines

[email protected];

[email protected]

+ 504 2239 0498 Tegucigalpa Operational

Nicaragua Mrs. Maria Jose Corea

Perez

Ministerio del Ambiente y Los

Recursos Naturales

[email protected] +505 22632862 Managua Political

Mr. Augusto Flores Ministerio del Ambiente y Los

Recursos Naturales

[email protected],

[email protected]

+ 505 223 31684 Managua Operational

Costa Rica Mr. Carlos Manuel

Rodriguez Echandi


Energy

[email protected] +506 22575456 San Jose Political

Ms. Enid Chaverri-

Tapia


Energy

[email protected];

[email protected]

+506 22580069 San Jose Operational

















33

Country Name Agency Email Telephone Location Type of

focal point

Panama Ms. Antonella Finis Ministerio de Ambiente [email protected] +507 500 0855 Panama City Operational

Ms. Berta Zevallos Ministerio de Ambiente [email protected] +507 500 0855 ext

6849

Panama City Political

Colombia Ms. Angelica Mayolo

Obregon

Ministry of the Environment

and Sustainable Development

[email protected];

[email protected]

+571 3323400 ext

2311

Bogota Operational

Ms. Carolina Diaz

Acosta

Ministry of Foreign Affairs [email protected]; +3814000 ext. 1642 Bogota Political

Ecuador Mrs. Pamela Rocha

Perez

Ministry of Foregin Affairs and

Human Mobility

[email protected] +593 2 2993200 ext.

11551

Quito Political

Miss Valeska Yanez Ministry of Environment [email protected] +593 2 398 7600 Quito Operational

Peru Mrs. Martha Carolina

Cuba Villafuerte de

Cronkleton

Ministry of Environment [email protected] +511 611 6000 ext.

1430

Lima Operational

Ms. Lucia Ruiz Ostoic Ministry of Environment [email protected] +51 1 611 6000 ext.

1633

Lima Political

Chile Mr. Rodrigo Benitez Ministry of the Environment [email protected] +56-2-225735743 Santiago Political

Mr. Miguel Stutzin Oficina de Asuntos

Internacionales

[email protected] +56 2 2573 5879 Santiago Operational

International Mr. Mark Zimsky Sr. Biodiversity Specialist [email protected] +1(202) 473 7855 Washington DC Decision

Maker

Ms. Pilar Barrera Partnerships & Resource

Mobilization Coordinator

[email protected] Washington DC Political















34

Appendix 4. Contact information for focal points for the Inter-American Development Bank

Country Executive

Director (DC

based)

Representative

in-country

Representative Contact Country Strategy Active Projects Number of

active

projects

Mexico Juan Bosco

Martí Ascencio

Tomas Bermudez Avenida Paseo de la

Reforma Nº 222 Piso 11

Colonia Juárez,

Delegación Cuauhtémoc,

Ciudad de Mexico,

[email protected]

(i) public management; (ii)

the financial system; (iii)

labor markets; (iv) business

competitiveness; (v) social

protection; (vi) health; (vii)

urban development; (viii)

rural development; and (ix)

climate change

Support to territorial and forest

management to support to the climate

change agenda in Mexico; Support the

territorial and housing sector to

contribute to the climate change agenda

in Mexico; Support the design and

implementation of a transparency

platform to support the NDC in Mexico;

Land Management for the Achievement

of Results of the Climate Change

Agenda; Institutional Strengthening for

the Implementation of the Transparency

Arrangements Required under Mexico's

Nationally Determined Contribution

(NDC)

5

Guatemala José Mauricio

Silva

Carlos Melo 3era Avenida 13-78, Zona

10 Torre Citigroup, 10o,

Ciudad de Guatemala,

[email protected]

(i) improving public

management and

transparency; (ii) reducing

poverty and inequality; and

(iii) private sector

development

Support to the preparation of the

Sustainable Forest Management Project;

Emergency Technical Cooperation -

Support for the Volcán de Fuego

Eruption Emergency; Phase II of

Preparation of the National Strategy for

Reducing Emissions through Avoided

Deforestation and Forest Degradation in

Guatemala

3

El Salvador José Mauricio

Silva

Carmina Moreno Edificio WTC, piso 4 89

Avenida Norte y Calle El

Mirado, San Salvador,

[email protected]

(i) improve the quality of

spending on human capital;

(ii) improve logistics

infrastructure; and (iii)

strengthen public finance

Action plan to Implement the

Governance and Public Policy Index for

Disaster Risk Management; Support to

the Implementation of National Climate

Change Strategy in El Salvador

2

Honduras 2





35

Country Executive

Director (DC

based)

Representative

in-country


active

projects

José Mauricio

Silva

Mirna Lievano

de Marques

Colonia Lomas del

Guijarro Sur Primera

Calle, Tegucigalpa,

Honduras,

[email protected]

(i) fiscal consolidation; (ii)

sustainability and

competitiveness in the energy

sector; (iii) road infrastructure

for regional integration; (iv)

social inclusion; and (v)

sustainable development in

the Central District

Preparation of a Nationally Appropriate

Mitigation Action (NAMA) for the use

of Eco-Stoves; Support to the

Sustainable Forest Management

Program

Nicaragua José Mauricio

Silva

Baudouin

Duquesne

Edificio BID Boulevard

Jean Paul Genie, de la

Rotonda 970 mts al oeste

(M/D), Managua,

COF/[email protected]

(i) energy; (ii) transportation;

(iii) health; and (iv)

comprehensive care in early

childhood

Knowledge Exchange in Forest

Management; Experiences Exchange

Program on Governance for Climate

Financing Nicaragua-Mexico

2

Costa Rica José Mauricio

Silva

Fidel Jaramillo Piso 4, Torre 1, Centro

Corporativo El Cedral,

Escazu, San Jose,

[email protected]

(i) supporting fiscal

sustainability and efficient

spending; (ii) improving

productive infrastructure

quality, efficiency, and

sustainability; (iii) boosting

the competitiveness of SME;

and (iv) strengthening the

human capital accumulation

strategy.

Sustainable management of ecosystem

services; Tropical Storm Nate

Emergency Response Program

2

Panama Armando José

León Rojas

Veronica E.

Zavala Lombardi

Calle 50 con calle Elvira

Méndez, Edificio Tower

Financial Center

(Towerbank), Ciudad de

Panama,

[email protected]

(i) improving the delivery of

basic services to the

population living in poverty;

(ii) strengthening the

education profile of the

population; and (iii)

enhancing the logistics

services, efficiency, and

connectivity of the productive

infrastructure

(1) Ecosystem-based Tourism

Development Planning for Coiba

National Park; (2) Mainstreaming

Biodiversity Conservation through

Low-Impact Ecotourism in SINAP II

(ECOTUR-AP Second Phase); (3)

Increase climate resilience in the Bay of

Chiriqui; (4) PROADAPT2 - Enhanced

Resilience for Managing Climate

4


mailto:COF/[email protected]




36

Country Executive

Director (DC

based)

Representative

in-country


active

projects

Change Effects on the Golf of Montijo,

Panama

Colombia vacant Rafael de la Cruz Carrera 7 N 71-21, Torre

B Piso 19. Edificio

Avenida Chile,

[email protected]

economic productivity, public

management effectiveness

and social mobility, as related

to gender and diversity,

climate change and

integration

Consolidation of the National System of

Protected Areas at the National and

Regional Levels; Sustainable

Management and Conservation of

Biodiversity in the Magdalena River

Basin; Implementation of the Habitat

Banking Model in Colombia;

Implementation of the Habitat Banking

Model in Colombia; Investment Grant

for the Risk Transfer Program in

Geothermal Power; ECOMICRO -

Fundacion Coomeva; Support for the

consolidation of a climate change

agenda for the MHCP; Renewable

Energy Financing Program for the Non

Interconnected Zones; Assessing

Tropical Dry Forest Biodiversity and

Ecosystem Services; Methodology

Implementation for the Sustainable

Development Initiative; Methodology

Implementation for the PostConflict and

Sustainable Development Fund;

Support to APC Colombia to Create an

Initiative for the Sustainable

Development

12

Ecuador vacant Fernando

Quevado

Avda. 12 de Octubre N24-

528 y Cordero Edificio

World Trade Center -

Torre II, Piso 9, Quito,

(i) strengthening of public

finances; (ii) support for

productivity and private

sector development as drivers

of growth; (iii) deepening of

Support to strengthening the National

Disaster Response System;

Competitiveness of Mangroves

Concessionaire Communities in the

Gulf of Guayaquil; Program to

Strengthen the National Early Warning

5



37

Country Executive

Director (DC

based)

Representative

in-country


active

projects

Ecuador,

[email protected]

the social advances of the last

decade

System; Emergency Program for an

Immediate Response to the Earthquake

in Ecuador; Support to ensure the

resilience of public infrastructure and

service systems after the earthquake in

Ecuador

Peru Patricia María

Miloslavich

Hart

Elba Viviana

Caro Hinojosa

Dean Valdivia 148-Piso

10 Centro Empresarial

Platinum Plaza, Lima,

[email protected]

(1) productivity, emphasis on

the labor market, business

climate, business

development, infrastructure;

(2) institutional strengthening

and basic service delivery,

emphasis on public

management, health, citizen

security; (3) environmental

sustainability and climate

change, emphasis on water

resources, environmental

management, agribusiness.

Forest Investment Projects Peru;

Sustainable Infrastructure Workshop in

Perú; Phase II of Support for

Implementation of the National Strategy

for Reducing Emissions from Avoided

Deforestation and Forest Degradation in

Peru; Support to Peru in the

implementation of the Peru Fund of the

Joint Statement of DCI (REDD+)

Intentions; Flooding Emergency

assistance in Tumbes, Piura and

Lambayeque; Mitigating Deforestation

in Brazil Nut Concessions in Madre de

Dios, Peru; Implementation of the

Readiness Preparation Proposal (R-PP)

for Reducing Emissio; Adaptation to

Climate Change of the Fishery Sector

and Marine-Coastal Ecosystem;

Adaptation to Climate Change of the

Fishery Sector and Marine-Coastal

Ecosystem

9

Chile Patricia Maria

Miloslavich

Hart

Carolyn Robert Avenida Pedro de

Valdivia 0193 piso 10

Santiago, Chile,

[email protected]

Productive development and

competitiveness, human

capital development and

regional development

No active projects 0





38

Appendix 5. Contact information for focal points for the International Monetary Fund.

Country or Region Representative Office Address Contact

Honduras Jaume Puig Forne Banco Central de Honduras,

Tegucigalpa Honduras

504-2262-3700 Ext.10422

Regional Gerardo Peraza 7a Ave. 22-01, Zona 1 (502) 2390-6060

Central Bank of Guatemala

Appendix 6. Contact information for focal points for the Corporación Andina de Fomento- Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina.

Country Address Phone

Mexico Avenida Paseo de la Reforma No. 342 Piso 23.

Colonia Juárez CP 06600 Delegación Cuauhtémoc CDMX

+52 (55) 1102 6901

Panama Boulevard Pacífica P.H. Oceanía Business Plaza Torre 2000 piso 27, Ciudad de

Panama

+507 297-5311

Colombia Carrera 9a No 76-49. Edificio ING, piso 7. Bogotá +57 (1) 744-9444

Ecuador Av. 12 de Octubre N.24-562 y Cordero Edificio World Trade Center, Torre A,

piso 13. Quito

+593 (2) 398-8411

Peru Avenida Enrique Canaval y Moreyra No 380 Edificio Torre Siglo XXI piso 13,

San Isidro, Lima

+51 (1) 710-8511

CAF-GEF Av. Luis Roche, Torre CAF, Altamira, Caracas, República Bolivariana de

Venezuela

Board of

Directors

https://www.caf.com/media/122805/org-composicion-directorio-2014-2017-caf-en.pdf

https://www.caf.com/media/122805/org-composicion-directorio-2014-2017-caf-en.pdf


39

Appendix 7. Contact information for focal points for the Global Climate Fund

Country Focal Point National Designated

Authority

Address Email Country dialogue

Specialist

Mexico Mr. Juan Carlos

Gonzalo Conseco

Gomez

Ministry of Finance Insurgentes Sur 1971, Torre 3, Piso

3 Mexico City CP 01020

[email protected] Jessica Jacob

[email protected]

Guatemala His Excellency Mr

Adolfo Rafael Alonzo

Vargas

Ministry of Environment

and Natural Resources

20 Calle 28-58 Zona 10 Edificio

Marn, Guatemala City


[email protected]

Mr. Carlos Fernando

Coronado Castillo


and Natural Resources

20 Calle 28-58 Zona 10 Edificio

Marn, Guatemala City

[email protected]

El Salvador His Excellency Mr

Jaime Alfredo Miranda

Flamenco

Deputy Minister of

Development

Coordination

Calle El Pedregal y Bulevar

Cancilleria, Ciudad Merliot,

Antiguo Cuscatlan


[email protected]

Licda Ana Mercedes

Vasquez Avaloz

Multilateral, Regional

and International

Finance Institutions

(IFI) Cooperation

Calle El Pedregal y Bulevar

Cancilleria, Ciudad Merliot,

Antiguo Cuscatlan

[email protected]

Honduras His Excellency Mr Jose

Antonio Galdames

Ministry of Energy,

Natural Resources,

Environment and

Mining

Edificio Principal, 200 metros al

Sur del Estadio Nacional


[email protected]

Nicaragua Mr. Uriel Perez Acuna Ministry of Finance and

Public Credit

Avenida Bolivar Frente a la

Asamblea Nacional, Managua


[email protected]

Mrs Luz Elena Sequeira

Gutierrez

Ministry of Finance and

Public Credit

Avenida Bolivar Frente a la

Asamblea Nacional, Managua

[email protected]

Costa Rica [email protected] Jessica Jacob
















40

Country Focal Point National Designated

Authority

Address Email Country dialogue

Specialist

His Excellency Dr.

Edgar E. Guitièrrez

Espeleta


and Energy

Edificio Vista Palace, Calle 25,

Av. 8-10, San José, Costa Rica

[email protected]

Panama Mr. Emilio Sempris Ministry of Environment Sede Principal Edif.804 Apartado

Ancón-República de Panamá,

Calle Broberg


[email protected]

Colombia Mr. Santiago Matallana

Méndez

National Planning

Department

Calle 26 #13-19, Edificio Fonade,

Bogota 110311


[email protected]

Ms Silvia Calderon National Planning

Department

Calle 26 #13-19, Edificio Fonade,

Bogota 110311

[email protected]

Ecuador Lcda. Maria Victoria

Chiriboga Nielsen

Ministry of Environment Calle Madrid 1159 y Andalucia,

Quito, 170109


[email protected]

Peru Mr. Pedro Herrera

Catalán

Ministry of Economy

and Finance

Jr. Lampa N° 277 - Cercado de

Lima, Lima-Perú

[email protected]

Chile Ms. Francisco Moreno

Guzman

Ministry of Finance Teatinos 120, Santiago Chile [email protected] Jessica Jacob

[email protected]

Ms. Trinidad Lecaros

Cox

Ministry of Finance Teatinos 120, Santiago Chile [email protected]

International Headquarters

Songdo Business District, 175 Art

Center-daero, Yeonsu-gu Incheon

22004

[email protected]















41

Appendix 8. Contact information for Focal Points for the UN Development Program

Country PNUD office address Representation Country focus Note

Mexico Calle Montes Urales 440, Lomas -

Virreyes, Lomas de Chapultepec V

Secc, 11000 Ciudad de México

Katyna Argueta -

Country Director

Guatemala 5a Av. 5-55 Zona 14 Edificio

Europlaza, Torre IV, Nivel 10 Ciudad

de Guatemala, 01014

Sra. Ana Maria Diaz -

Country Director

El Salvador Edificio Naciones Unidas, Blvd. Orden

de Malta Sur, No. 2-B, Santa Elena,

Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad

Sustainable development and

resilience, democratic

governance, Agenda 2030

Honduras Edificio Las Naciones Unidas, Avenida

República de México 2816, Colonia San

Carlos. Tegucigalpa.

Igor Garafulic -

Resident Representative

Nicaragua n/a

Due to issues with the Government of Nicaragua,

UNDP operations in country have been significantly

reduced.

Costa Rica Oficentro La Virgen #2, de la Embajada

Americana 300m Sur y 200m Sureste.

Pavas, San José

Alice Shackelford -

Resident Representative

Democratic governance,

gender, poverty reduction,

Environment, HD

http://www.cr.undp.org/content/costarica/es/home/abo

ut-us/contact-us.html

Panama Casa de las Naciones Unidas, Edificio #

129, Ciudad del Saber, Ciudad de

Panama

Colombia Oficina principal Bogotá, Avenida 82

#10-62, pisos 2, 3, y 4

Pablo Ruiz Hiebra -

Country director

Media inquiries: [email protected]

Ecuador Centro Corporativo EKOPARK, Torre

4, piso 3, vía antigua a Nayón y

avenida Simón Bolívar, Quito

Arnaud Peral - Resident

Representative

[email protected]

http://www.ec.undp.org/content/ecuador/es/home/abou

t-us/contact-us.html



http://www.ec.undp.org/content/ecuador/es/home/about-us/contact-us.html

http://www.ec.undp.org/content/ecuador/es/home/about-us/contact-us.html


42

Country PNUD office address Representation Country focus Note

Peru Complejo Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Av.

Perez Aranibar N 750, Magdalena del

Mar, Lima

Chile Dag Hammarskjöld 3241, Vitacura.

7630412, Santiago, Región

Metropolitana. Chile.

Silvia Rucks - Resident

Representative, Marcela

Rios - Programmatic

Coordination

Poverty reduction,

Governance and sustainable

development, resilience and

territory development

[email protected]

Regional Casa de las Naciones Unidas, Ciudad

del Saber, Edificio 128, Ciudad de

Panama

Richard Barathe -

Regional Center

Director

Media contact in NY: Carolina Azevedo,

[email protected] Tel: +1 212 906 6127

United States One United Nations Plaza, DC1-22nd

Floor

New York, NY, 10017

Lenni Montiel - Director

of LAC

Achim Steiner -

Executive Director




43

Appendix 9. Contact information for focal points for the Organization of American States

Country OAS Country office Contact Representative Notes

Mexico Presidente Masaryk No. 526, Piso 1

Colonia Polanco, (Edificio SEP) 11560

Ciudad de México

[email protected] Aníbal Enrique

Quiñónez Abarca

Guatemala Avenida de Las Américas 21-24, Zona

13 Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala

[email protected] Milagro Martínez

El Salvador Complejo World Trade Center. Edificio

Torre Futura Calle el Mirador. Colonia

Escalón Local 10-02

[email protected] Ronalth Ivan

Ochaeta

Honduras Edificio Corporativo Guijarros, Col.

Lomas del Guijarro Sur, Bloque W,

Ave. Berlín Tegucigalpa

[email protected] Claudia Barrientos

Nicaragua Sierritas de Santo Domingo Iglesia

Santo Domingo cuatro cuadras al norte

Apartado postal 2411 Managua

[email protected] n/a

Costa Rica Pavas, Rohrmoser sobre el Bulevar del

Banco BCT, 200 metros norte y 25

metros este, casa amarilla. San Jose.


Panama Edificio 122 A y B / Ciudad del Saber,

Clayton, Panamá - Apto. Postal 0843-

03290

[email protected] Pedro Vuskovic

Céspedes

Colombia Oficina de la Misión de Apoyo al

Proceso de Paz en Colombia, Calle 72

N. 5-90, Bogota

[email protected] Sr. Roberto Osvaldo

Menéndez

Mission to support peace process

Ecuador World Trade Center B piso 15 Ave 12

de Octubre N24-528 Quito 170143

Ecuador

[email protected] Diego Abente Brun



http://www.oas.org/FPDB/NATOFF/RESOURCES/RESUMEN%20HOJA%20DE%20VIDA286.PDF









44

Peru Calle 3 No. 110-Urb Salaverry

Magdalena del Mar (altura de la cuadra

10 de Av. Del Ejército) Lima


Chile n/a n/a n/a

United

States

1889 F. St., N.W. Washington DC

20006 Suite 712

[email protected] Richard Huber Chief of Section, Sustainable Cities, Resilience, and Risk

Management

+(202) 370-4638



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