international lithium corp presents at vancouver electric vehicles association (veva)
DESCRIPTION
International Lithium (subsidiary of TNR Gold Corp TNR:TSXV) presents at VEVA June 2010. Includes an overview of the lithium industry, Lithium 101 (what it's about), and great background information on how Lithium is produced.TRANSCRIPT
INTERNATIONAL LITHIUM CORP
Vancouver Electric Vehicle Association
May 2010
Presented By: Mike Sieb
Presentation Outline
• Applications
• Demand
• Growth
• Sources
• Demand vs. Supply
1. Lithium
• Structure
• Projects
2. International Lithium Corp.
What is Lithium?
• Lithium is a soft, silver-white metal
that belongs to the alkali metal
group of chemical elements. It is
represented by the symbol Li, and it
has the atomic number 3
• Highly Reactive
• Lightest of all Metals
• Least Dense Solid Element
• Highest Specific Heat Capacity
• High Electrochemical Potential
“The Miracle Element”
Applications of Lithium
Batteries25%
Wide Varietyof Other Uses
27%Glass &
Ceramics18%
LubricatingGrease
6%
Pharmaceutical7%
Air Conditioning
6%
Aluminum Production 5%
75% of Lithium
Produced is for
Industrial Usage
Decreases Melting
Point, Viscosity and
Energy Costs while
Increasing Thermal Stability
Improves Melting Behaviour
of Aluminum Oxide
Higher
Performance &
Temperature
Tolerance
High Charge- and
Power-to-Weight Ratio
World Demand for Lithium
Conversion of Lithium to Lithium Carbonate is 5:1 approximately
* Historic Demand sourced from Roskills 2009 Report
* 0.6 kilos of Lithium Carbonate Per kWh (Industry Standard)
Lithium Demand Focus
Introduction of Electric Vehicles is Main Demand Driver
• 700 Million Cars Today
3 Billion Vehicles by 2050
(International Monetary Fund)
• 25 Models of Li-powered
cars by 2012
• 9.6 Million Electric
Vehicles by 2018
(JP Morgan)
ADDS UP TO A SUBSTANTIAL GROWTH RATE
Electric Vehicle Demand for Lithium
~70,000 Tonnes By 2020 (FMC)
• Automobile makers are transitioning to high
performance hybrid / lithium-battery driven cars!
• BYD + Chinese Manufacturers
• Aptera
• Mitsubishi
• Nissan
• Opel
• Toyota
• Hyundai
• GM, BMW, Benz
Electric / Hybrid Vehicle Technology
• China is now world‟s largest car market at 13.6 million vehicles
sold in 2009, up nearly 45% 2008 data (US at 10.4M)
• Export brand sales 70%, Domestic brands increasing in numbers
• BYD (10% owned by Warren Buffet)
first hybrid in China travels 330km on one charge
• Projected 5% penetration by 2011+
which translates to nearly 750,000 EV
using about 15-30 lbs each
China‟s Largest Car Market – EV Sales to Soar
http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE60722O20100108http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100510/ap_on_bi_ge/as_china_auto_sales
From Novelty to
10% penetration of
market, 120 million
bikes on road today
from few thousands
From $0 to $11
billion dollar industry,
selling at $1300-
3000 USD/each
Limitations of energy
costs and pollution
restrictions expected
to assist introduction
of EV cars into China
Asia‟s Phenomenal Electric Bike Growth
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/01/business/global/01ebike.html
Growth of Electric Bikes 1998-2010
• Europe is building EV support infrastructure
– Denmark adding $100 million on charging-ports, power grids,
battery-swap stations
– Better Place is running these grids based on power from wind
power, already supporting 20% of Denmarks‟ energy supply
– France spending $2 billion in Paris for grids and charge ports
• Nissan Leaf and Renault‟s hybrid/EV factories are in UK
Europe is Moving Ahead with EV Concept
http://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/denmark-ev-incentive-40k-and-a-parking-spot/http://www.evworld.com/news.cfm?newsid=22979
Global Lithium Production\Development
1. Lithium Brines 2. Pegmatites
3. Clay Hectorite 4. Oilfield & Geothermal Brine
Sources and Potential Sources for Lithium
Lithium Carbonate Production (Annual)
Company Country Deposit Type Li2CO2 Eqvt
Talison Australia Spodumene 10,000 tonnes
SQM Chile Brine 32,600
Chemetall Chile Brine 13,000
Chemetall US Brine 3,000
FMC Chemical Argentina Brine 16,600
Qinghai CITIC China Brine 10,000
Various Others China Spodumene 15,000
TOTAL 100,200tonnes per year
* 2014 projected demand at 163,000 (Reference: Byron Capital Markets)
Sources of Lithium - Brines
Predominantly Found in Salt Lakes
In the Form of Dissolved Salts
Ranging from 200-1500 mg/l Lithium
1. Lithium Brines
Lithium Brines Cont‟d
Accessed By Water Well
Pumped to Surface
Typically Concentrated By Solar Evaporation Ponds
Generally accompanied in Solution with other
compounds: boron, sodium chloride, sulfate, etc.
CBS News - FMC‟s Atacama in Chile
Brine Production Process & Costs Breakdown
Process Step Chemical / Driver
Cost
Cost ($/tonne
Li2CO3)
Remove Magnesium Slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) 180 (per unit Mg:Li)
pH adjustment Hydrochloric acid
(HCl)
20
Remove B/Sulphates Calcium Chloride
(CaCl2)
240
Convert to carbonate Soda ash (Na2CO3) 760
Plant Amortization N/A 1,067
Total 2,267 (at Mg:Li of 1:1)
Variable cost per
tonne
1,200 (at Mg:Li of 1:1)
Reference: Byron Capital Markets
Sources of Lithium - Pegmatites
2. Pegmatite
Coarse-Grained Granite
Occurs as Intrusive Dike
Can Be Strongly Zoned
Associated with Other
Rare Elements
Spodumene Pegmatite
Layered
Crystal Growth
Core
Intermediate
Intermediate
Wall Rock
Wall Rock
Pegmatite Source Cont‟d
Deposit Grade Ranges 1-2% Lithium with Economics
Assisted with Other Rare Metals Present such as Cesium,
Tantalum, Rubidium, Niobium, etc.
Mined by Traditional Hard Rock Methods (Open Pit)
To process: Heat to 1,000 celsius, pulverize & dissolve with
sulfate and series of acid – finally mixed with soda ash
Giant Spodumene Crystal Greenbushes Open Pit Mine
Spodumene Production Cost Breakdown
Process Step Chemical / Driver Cost Cost ($/tonne Li2CO3)
Extract ore N/A <1,200
Spodumene N/A 500
Calcining Oil 230
Pulverizing
Concentrate
N/A 100
Leaching Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) 585
Washing Water 0
Convert to Carbonate Soda Ash (Na2CO3) 505
Plant Amortization N/A 3,333
Total <$6,453
Variable Cost/Tonne <$3,120
Reference: Byron Capital Markets
Estimated Cost of Lithium Production
Type Brine Spodumene
Variable cost (tonne Lithium
Carbonate)
Includes all reagent
costs at Mg:Li of 1:1
$1,200 $3,120
Total
amortized cost (tonne LCE) before any
other credits. This
accounts for fixed costs
of plants and
operations
$2,267 $6,453
Reference: Byron Capital Markets
Lithium Price Trend
Demand vs. Supply
• Roskill and Byron expects 40% increase in demand by 2014
• Electric cars and automotive industry all reporting switch to
lithium-ion batteries – new standard emerging
• Majority of Production from Brines
• Brines Sources are not Static – Increase of Production has
the Possibility to Damage Aquifer
• Brines Cannot Quickly & Easily Respond to Demand Increase
• Hard Rock Mining still relatively expensive & time to start up
is years from resource identification
• Hectorite Clays – unproven but promising future source
May 2010
Minera SolitarioArgentina Projects
Cu-Au
Bristol Exploration
Alaskan Projects
Au
International Lithium Corp
Li + REE
3 Subsidiaries
Project
Generator
TNR Shareholders proposed dividendup to 1 unit in ILC for every 4 shares of TNR
PlannedSpin-off
of Lithium
Subsidiary
TargetCompletion
Q2 2010
TNR to maintain a minimum of 25% interest
in ILC
Opportunity to participate at early stage in tightly controlled company
Exposure to „Lithium and Rare Earth Elements‟ growth sector
Warrant provides potential future benefit at no additional cost
Continued investment in TNR a Lead Project Generator
TNR Gold Corp.TNR:TSXV
Corporate Structure
Unlocking
The Value
Projected Structure - International Lithium Corp.
Corporate Data*Shares issued: 60 M
Fully diluted: 123 M
Cash: $ 2.5 M
Market Cap**: $ 15 M
TNR Ownership: 30%
Insider Ownership: 26%
Gary Schellenberg, B.Sc. (Geol.) - Executive Chairman, CEOKirill Klip, MBA - Non-Executive ChairmanMike Sieb, MBA , B.Sc (Geol.) – President and DirectorWayne Spilsbury, B.Sc, M.Sc - Director Bernard Dewonk, B.Sc, P.Geo - Director Jerry Bella, CGA – CFOJohn Harrop, P.Geo - Chief Geologist Dr. Frederick Breaks, P.Geo - Special AdviserThomas Currin – Special AdviserJerry Huang, B.BA – VP Corporate Development
Management and Directors
June 8, 2010 established
as the meeting date for
shareholder approval of the
spin-out of ILC
* Subject to any increase resulting from
further possible share issuances by
TNR prior to the record date and
including the potential exercise of the
Mariana property option.
** Estimate at listing
Expertise – Specialised Team
26Ike Osmani, P. Geo, Chief Geologist John Harrop, P. Geo, Senior Geologist
9
Projects
Worldwide
Geographic
and
Commodity
Diverse
Project Selection
Actively Sourcing Additional Opportunities
And Strategic Partnerships 27
Andean Salars – Salta Province Argentina
28
Mariana Project – Brine Sampling
Potential Low-Cost Source of Lithium
• 120 km2 covering entire salar
• 100% Option
• 2km sample grid – shallow pits
• Results Range 250-650 mg/L lithium
throughout main salar
• Current producers range from 150-1500
mg/L of Lithium
• Ability to rapidly advance project through
drill stage
29
Mariana Project – Geological Model
Identification of a Drop- Down Block
Presents Ideal Brine Trap
Geothermal
Conduits
Generate
Convection
Currents
Sourcing and
Concentrating
Lithium
Mariana Project - Proposed Drill Holes
Initial Drill Program
Consists of 3 Holes
100 metres Depth
Testing Different Regimes
Within Salar
Drilling
(3 Holes)
Exploration Program – Mariana Project
Re-sampling
32
2010D
ecis
ion
P
roce
ss
Pre-Feasibility
to Feasibility
De
cis
ion
P
roce
ss
Subsequent 12
Months
Drilling
(10-20 Holes)
Geophysics
Nevada Lithium Brine Projects - ILC
Chemetall-Foote‟s
Clayton Valley
lithium brine operation has
been producing since 1967
Silver Peak
ILC currently has
3 active
lithium brine
projects totaling
5,300 hectares
in this highly
prospective area33
Clayton Valley Brine Occurrence
Bouger Gravity Contour Map
Clayton Valley, Esmeralda County
A
A’
General cross section of Clayton Valley with its fault planes and possible groundwater flow
(modified from Davis et al., 1986)
Nevada Brine Model – Clayton Valley
A A’
Mud Lake Project, Nevada
Typical Nevada Valley
Target Geology
2,900 hectares
Mud Lake
Probable
Fault Escarpment
Looking W
Gravity
Low
Interpreted
Structure
Mud Lake– Exploration Approach
Compile and
Interpret
Historic Data
Model Built on
Proximity Work
by USGS and
Third Party
Gravity Survey
Interpretation
Indicates
Faulting and
Drop Blocks MUD LAKE PROJECT AREA
Mud Lake– Interpreted Model
Claims
Selected
Over Postulated
Basement LowsReflecting High Potential Brine Traps
MUD LAKE PROJECT AREA
Exploration Program - Nevada
39
2010 2011
Feasibility?
1
2
3
Geophysics
(Gravity)PropertiesDrilling
(2-3 holes)
Mud Lake Geophysics Commencing April 2010
Followed by Systematic Exploration Approach
For All Nevada Projects
Pegmatite Projects
Proven Business Model
44
“Lead Project Generator”
• Early Identification and Acquisition of Opportunities
• Advancement Provides Maximum Value Increase
Over Minimum Period for Minimum Cost
• Utilize Strategic Joint Venture Partnerships to
Facilitate Rapid Multi-Project Development,
Mitigate Risk and Add Strength
• Continued Evaluation and Incorporation of
New Properties into Project Pipeline
Contact Information
Address
P.O. Box 11604
620 - 650 West Georgia St.
Vancouver, British Columbia
V6B 4N9, Canada
Phone: (604) 687-7551
Fax: (604) 687-4670
Toll Free: 1-800-667-4470
E-mail: [email protected]
Investor Relations
Jerry Huang
TNR Goldcorp
Phone: (604) 687-7551
Fax: (604) 687-4670
Toll Free: 1-800-667-4470
E-mail:
45
Disclaimer
The TSX Venture Exchange has not reviewed and does not accept responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this presentation. Statements in this presentation other than purely historical information, historical estimates should not be relied upon, including statements relating to the Company‟s future plans and objectives or expected results, are forward-looking statements. This presentation contains certain "Forward-Looking Statements" within the meaning of Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are based on numerous assumptions and are subject to all of the risks and uncertainties inherent in the Company‟s business, including risks inherent in resource exploration and development. As a result, actual results might vary materially from those described in this presentation. Readers should verify any & all claims and do their due diligence before investing in any securities mentioned. Investing in securities is speculative and carries a high degree of risk.