International Politics

International system is anarchy and chaotic but somehow it works.

International political theory is much harder to do than social sciences because politics is harder to predict because it’s harder to predict people

Gender lens is how women look at politics

Nationalism: Pride in one’s country and identifying one’s self with the government you live in

A nation is an ethic group that shared all of these characteristics

Nationalism Started in the 18th century in Europe stared off by different groups who were bonded by language, culture, religion, ethnicity, shared history and the nation

Individualism started emerging during this time period in Europe where freedom was the most important thing to have

Nationalism as an ideology turned into self-determination which turns into an action

Self-determination determines our needs our form of government and who rules us politically

Nation state is the outcome of self determination

A Nation state has a government, currency, borders, and natural resources

Old sovereignty - Basically a nation state that can conduct its own internal and foreign affair. The U.N charter states are not allowed to interfere in the domestic business of another country

New Sovereignty - A tyrant cannot hide behind the principle of Sovereignty when it comes to a tyrant killing his own people

Globalization - The increase of connections between the world and the dispersing of borders

Hyper Globalist- The validity of the nation state is eroding

Skeptics- Says globalization is not new but the only difference is the speed of which people connect with each other.

Interdependence- The vulnerability of states to forces beyond its borders

The Decades of international politics

1945- Creation of the U.N, cold war, nuclear age, the Marshall plan

1950-1960's- Decolonization

1970's- New international economic order (NIEO)

1980s- Debt Crisis

1990's- End of communism and the transition of Eastern Europe to democracy

2000's- Redefinition of security because of the rise of international terrorism, globalization

Foreign policy- You identify a goal then you come up with alternatives and then you come up with the best alternative

Rational foreign policy- You balance cost vs. benefits

Globalism- It Views the entire world as one unit

Characteristics of globalization- Accelerated pace of global interaction

Global Governance- Formal political intuition that aim to coordinate and control interdepend relations and that have to enforce decisions however governance has been known as the regulation of system by a governing authority so governance is collective and collaborate effort to address the problems that go beyond an individual state

Civil society- Issues Specific Organization that is non-government

Liberalism- states are not the most important actors (even though at times they are) interest is the most important but conflict can be avoided by institution for example the U.N military power is not the most important element of power

Realism-the state is motivated by self-interest resulting in perpetual conflict the most important thing is military power

Behaviorism- takes into account the behavior of states and it takes into account political liberalism and it relies on quantitative analysis and not qualitative analysis

Superstructure- everything society builds for itself it includes material stuff and institutions

Social constructionism- Look at how society shapes social norms

The National Interest- It is that which is most important to the state only one country

The National inserts are: 1.National Security 2. Protection of the political system 3.Economic system 4. National cohesion 5. Good Government

Human Rights

1. Humans need protection

2. Institutionalize protection of humans

3. Legal code

Balance of power:

Article power is different now

Elements of power

1) Resources (oil,coal,food,water)

2) Economic development

3) Military Power

4) Infrastructure

5) Education

6) Geography

7) Industrial capacity

Terrorism is a random act of violence against civilians and noncombatants for the purpose of gaining military, political, social and economic goals they do this by creating fear they target civilians do that the governments will change its policies usually they invite mass retaliation

Causes of War: systemic anarchy is the cause of war

National security: we need a balance between people personal lives and the governments

Agenda

Security is a contested concept

Security is of freedom from threats and core value from other groups

To stop terrorism you need to stop

1) Intelligence

2) Money

Disarmament

National technical means

Neo-Realism

General assembly Security Council

Secretariat

Trusted ship council

Security Council jobs is to promote peace and security

International political economy

Theory of development (domestic) that it takes time to catch up with the developed world

Dependency (external) blamed the reason why the developing world was so far beyond was because of the external reasons and also it basis everything on the colonizers