international space research organisation

7/28/2019 International Space Research Organisation

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INTERNATIONAL SPACE

RESEARCH ORGANISATION

PRESENTED BY:

CH.BHAVANA LAKSHMI

JR.X th

ROLL NO:3


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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

ISRO CENTERS

LAUNCH VEHICLES

SATELLITES


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INTRODUCTION

Space activities in the country

started during early 1960S near

Thiruvananthapuram using small

sounding rockets.

Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the

visionary leader envisioned that

this powerful technology could

play a meaningful role in

national development andsolving the problems of

common man.


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Indian Space programme born in the

church beginning, space activities in

the country, concentrated on

achieving self reliance anddeveloping capability to build and

launch communication satellites for

television broadcast,

telecommunications and

meteorological applications; remote

sensing satellites for management of

natural resources.

The objective of ISRO is to develop

space technology and its applicationto various national tasks.


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Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully

operationalised two major satellite systems:

Indian National Satellites (INSAT) for communication services.

Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites for management ofnatural resources.

Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) for launching IRS type of

satellites.

Geostationary Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) for launching

INSAT type of satellites.

The Space Commission formulates the policies and oversees

the implementation of the Indian space programme to

promote the development and application of space scienceand technology for the socio-economic benefit of the country.


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ISRO CENTRES


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VIKRAM SARABHAI SPACECENTRE(Thiruvananthapuram)

VSSC at Thiruvananthapuram is themajor center of ISRO, where the designand development activities of satellitelaunch vehicles and sounding rocketsare carried out and made ready forlaunch operations.

The centre pursues research anddevelopment activities for associatedtechnologies such as launch vehicledesign, propellants, solid propulsiontechnology, aerodynamics, aerostructural and aero thermal aspects,avionics, polymers and composites,guidance, control.


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ISRO SATELLITE CENTRE

ISAC at Bangalore is engaged indeveloping satellite technology andimplementation of satellite systems forscientific, technological andapplication missions.

ISAC is functionally organised into fivemajor areas: mechanical systems areaincluding structures, thermal systemsand spacecraft mechanisms; digitaland communications area includingdigital systems and communication

systems; integration and power areacomprising spacecraft checkout,systems integration and powersystems.


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SATISH DAHWAN SPACE

CENTRE(SDSC)-SHAR

SDSC SHAR, with two launchpads is the main launch centreof ISRO located at 100 kmnorth of Chennai. SDSC SHAR

has the necessaryinfrastructure for launchingsatellite into low earth orbit,polar orbit and geostationarytransfer orbit.

The launch complexes providecomplete support for vehicleassembly, fuelling, checkoutand launch operations.


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LAUNCH VEHICLES

Launch Vehicles are used to transport and put satellites or

spacecrafts into space. In India, the launch vehicles

development programme began in the early 1970s.

The first experimental Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-3) was

developed in 1980. An Augmented version of this, ASLV, was

launched successfully in 1992.

India has made tremendous strides in launch vehicle

technology to achieve self-reliance in satellite launch vehicle

programme with the operationalisation of Polar SatelliteLaunch Vehicle (PSLV) and Geosynchronous Satellite Launch

Vehicle (GSLV).
http://www.isro.org/satellites/satelliteshome.aspxhttp://www.isro.org/satellites/satelliteshome.aspx


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Landmark achievements in ISRO's

Launch Vehicle Development

1. PSLV has 21 consecutively successful flights outof 22 launches

2.PSLV used for launching a total of 27 satellites for foreign customers

under commercial agreements, demonstrating its multi-satellitelaunch capability

3.PSLV used to launch Space capsule Recovery Experiment (SRE-1),

Chandrayaan-1 and ISRO's exclusive meteorological satellite,

KALPANA-1 , proving its versatility

4.GSLV with four successful flights of seven launches can launch 2 to 2.5

tonne satellite into Geo-synchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)

5.Successful testing of indigenously developed cryogenic upper stage

on November 15, 2007.


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PSLV

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle,usually known by its

abbreviation PSLV is the first operational launch vehicle

of ISRO.

PSLV is capable of launching 1600 kg satellites in 620 kmsun-synchronous polar orbit and 1050 kg satellite in geo-

synchronous transfer orbit.

In the standard configuration, it measures 44.4 m tall,

with a lift off weight of 295 tonnes.


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PSLV

PSLV has four stages using solidand liquid propulsion systemsalternately.

The first stage is one of the

largest solid propellant boostersin the world and carries 139tonnes of propellant.

A cluster of six strap-onsattached to the first stage

motor, four of which are ignitedon the ground and two are air-lit.


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GSLV

Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle(GSLV)-Mark

I&II ,is capable of placing INSATII class of satellites

(2000 2,500 kg) into Geosynchronous Transfer

Orbit (GTO). GSLV is a three stage vehicle GSLV is 49 m tall, with

414 t lift off weight.

It has a maximum diameter of 3.4 m at the payload

fairing.


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GSLV

First stage comprises S125

solid booster with four liquid

(L40) strap-ons.

Second stage (GS2) is liquidengine and the third stage

(GS3) is a cryo stage.

The vehicle develops a lift

off thrust of 6573 kn.


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GSLV MARKIII

The GSLV-III or Geosynchronous Satellite Launch VehicleMark III , is a launch vehicle currently under developmentby the Indian Space Research Organization.

GSLV Mk III is conceived and designed to make ISRO fullyself reliant in launching heavier communication satellites ofINSAT-4 class, which weigh 4500 to 5000 kg.

It would also enhance the capability of the country to be acompetitive player in the multimillion dollar commerciallaunch market.

The vehicle envisages multi-mission launch capability forGTO, LEO, Polar and intermediate circular orbits.


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GSLV MARKIII

GSLV-Mk III is designed to be athree stage vehicle, with 42.4 mtall with a lift off weight of 630tonnes.

First stage comprises twoidentical S200 Large SolidBooster (LSB) with 200 tonnesolid propellant, that arestrapped on to the second stage,the L110 re-startable liquid

stage. The third stage is the C25

LOX/LH2 cryo stage.


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SATELLITES

For the past four decades, ISRO has launched more than 65

satellites for various scientific and technological applications

like mobile communications, Direct-to-Home services,

meteorological observations, telemedicine, tele-education,

disaster warning, radio networking, search and rescueoperations, remote sensing and scientific studies of the space.

ISRO has established two major space systems, the Indian

National Satellite System (INSAT) series for communication,

television broadcasting and meteorological services .


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SATELLITES

Indian Remote SensingSatellites (IRS) system forresources monitoring andmanagement which is

Earth ObservationSatellites. ISRO haslaunched manyExperimental Satelliteswhich are generally small

comparing to INSAT or IRSand Space Missions toexplore the space.


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CONCLUSION

Isro is launching forthcoming satellites like:

INSAT - 3D, SARAL,

ASTROSAT,GSAT6,GSAT7,GSAT9,GSAT11, GSAT14.

Launch Vehicle / Forthcoming Launches:

PSLV-C20/SARAL Mission.


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