Escuela Interamericana

Although the history of the

Internet arguably begins in the 19th century with the invention of the telegraph

system, the modern history of the Internet starts in the 1950s and 1960s with the

development of computers. This began with point-to-

point communication between mainframe

computers and terminals, expanded to point-to-point

connections between computers and then early

research into packet switching. Packet switched networks such as ARPANET,

Mark I at NPL in the UK, CYCLADES, Merit Network, Tymnet, and Telenet, and

were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using

a variety of protocols.

The Internet has precursors

that date back to the 19th century, especially the telegraph system, more than a century before the digital Internet became widely used in the second half of the 1990s.

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide.

In computer networking and computer science,

bandwidth, network bandwidth, data bandwidth, or digital bandwidth is a bit rate measure of available or

consumed data communication resources

expressed in bits/second or multiples of it (kilobits/s,

megabits/s etc.).

A communications satellite (sometimes abbreviated to COMSAT) is an artificial satellite stationed in space for the purpose of telecommunications. Modern communications satellites use a variety of orbits including geostationary orbits, Molniya orbits, other elliptical orbits and low (polar and non-polar) Earth orbits.

For fixed (point-to-point) services, communications satellites provide a microwave radio relay technology complementary to that of submarine communication cables. They are also used for mobile applications such as communications to ships, vehicles, planes and hand-held terminals, and for TV and radio broadcasting, for which application of other technologies, such as cable, is impractical or impossible.

Telecommunication and Meteorology

Meteorology is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere. Studies in the field stretch back millennia, though significant progress in meteorology did not occur until the eighteenth century.

The nineteenth century saw breakthroughs occur after observing networks developed across several countries. Breakthroughs in weather forecasting were achieved in the latter half of the twentieth century, after the development of the computer.

n 350 BC, Aristotle wrote Meteorology. Aristotle is considered the founder of meteorology.[4] One of the most impressive achievements described in the Meteorology is the description of what is now known as the hydrologic cycle.