internet of things- an introduction
TRANSCRIPT
Internet of Things
Ravindra Dastikop
http://dastikop.blogspot.in
The Video Version of this presentation is here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BASJ8RDwe9E
Purpose ● This session will introduce IoT through real-
world examples and scenarios. ● We will explore the concept behind smart
homes, smart farms, connected cars and smart healthcare platforms.
● You will understand the key technologies enabling these scenarios.
● The objective of this session is to set the stage for this webinar series on IoT
Upcoming SESSIONS
Session 1Web Architecture for an Internet of Things
Session 2Will IoT be Secure Enough?
Session 3 Applications of IoT
Session 4 Research Directions in IoT
IoT in Action
The Example
IoT in Action
Vignette 1
IoT can solve Mumbai's challenge
• IoT can provide an important benefit to
gain greater efficiencies and new
business models
• This can make significant difference in
closing the poverty gaps.
Locality Rate for municipal water
Dharavi $ 1.12 per cubic meter.
Warden Road
$0.03 for cubic meter
The Background• Dharavi is the poorest neighborhood in mumbai
• Warden Road is better side of the city just blocks away
• The amount people from Dharavi pay for municipal
grade water is $ 1.12 per cubic meter. This compares to
$0.03 for residents of warden road
• The injustice is clear: the poor people of Mumbai pay 37
times more for water - a basic human necessity
The Cause
• The main source of the disparity is the higher cost of
delivering utility services to poorer neighborhood
because of infrastructure inefficiencies, problems
such as leaks and theft
• More than 50% of power distributed by north Delhi
power Ltd wasn’t paid by customers
• A key challenge for power companies is reducing theft
by India’s poor
The Cause
•
How IoT solves this?
• IoT, because of its ubiquitous sensors and connected systems, will provide authorities with more information and control in order to identify and fix these problems
• This will allow utilities to operate more profitably, giving them extra incentive to infrastructures in poorer neighbourhood.
• More efficiency will also allow for lower prices, which in turn, will encourage those taking services for free to become paying customers”
Describing IoT● IoT a world where “things” (devices or sensors)
are connected and able to share data.
● Data coming from these devices and sensors
provide business insights that were previously out
of reach.
● The invaluable insights enabled by harnessing and
analyzing the data from these connected devices
are what the Internet of Things is all about.
● Internet of Objects = Internet of everything
Question Time
IoT in Action
Vignette 2
A gamified toothbrush
Brushing your teeth can feel
like a chore, especially if you’
re a child, so it’s important to
find ways of getting them
interested in their own
dental care.
A gamified toothbrush
Brushing your teeth can
feel like a chore,
especially if you’re a
child, so it’s important
to find ways of getting
them interested in their
own dental care.
A Smart Toothbrush
A gamified toothbrushFrench company
Kolibree has developed
a smart toothbrush
that interacts with
smartphone games in
order to make oral
hygiene more fun.
By changing the
orientation of your
toothbrush, you can
move a character in-
game, meaning that as
children learn to
brush their teeth
better they’ll earn
more rewards.
The Kolibree toothbrush also
has features to appeal to
older users, including the
ability to track and monitor
which parts of your mouth
you are brushing more often
than others.
• It can also provide oral
health tips from dental
professionals
IoT is solution in search
of challenge
Question Time
The Concept
Internet of Things A new World of CONNECTED Objects
Agenda• Concept of Internet of Things (IoT)
• Definition of Internet of Things (IoT)
• Differences between Internet and IoT
Connectivity is a human need and desire
● Roads connected “places”
● Telephone connected people
● Internet connected people and
communities.
Concept of IoT
The basic concept of IoT is make entire world
deeply and widely connected.
Make every object
● Addressable
● Accessible
● Actionable
Scope of connectivity
Consider your House -
● is addressable- it has an address
● accessible - u can send a post/courier to
that house
● Not actionable- u can not close its door
from here.
Examples Item Addressible Accessible Actionable
House Yes Yes No
Mobile Yes Yes Yes
Computer Yes Yes Yes
TV No No Yes
TV Remote No No Yes
Earlier connectivity
● The fixed internet wave connected One
billion people (1990s)
● mobile connected another TWO billion
● IoT is expected to connect 28 billion things
to the Internet by 2020 ranging from
bracelet to cars
What is IOT? – does it
● The Internet of Things connects devices
such as everyday consumer objects and
industrial equipment onto the network.
What does IoT enable? • Enabling information gathering and
management of these devices via software
What is IOT? - Result
• to increase efficiency , enable new
services, or achieve other health, safety and
environmental benefits
The Growth of IoT
Question Time
IoT in Action
The Comparison
IoT Vs Internet S-E-N-S-E What the IOT does How is it different from
the Internet
Sensing Leverages sensor
attached to things (
temperature,
pressure, acceleration
more data is generated
by things with sensors
than by people
( example: Gmail 15 GB)
IoT Vs Internet S-E-N-S-E What the IOT does How is it different from
the Internet
Efficient Adds intelligence to
manual processes (
eg. reduce power
usage on hot days)
extends the Internet’s
productivity gains to
things and not just
people
IoT Vs Internet S-E-N-S-E What the IOT does How is it different from
the Internet
Networked connects objects to
the networks ( cars,
thermostats,
watches)
some of the intelligence
shifts from the cloud to
the network's edge (
“fog computing”
IoT Vs Internet S-E-N-S-E What the IOT does How is it different from
the Internet
Specialized customizes
technology and
process to specific
verticals ( e.g health
care, retail, oil)
more data is generated
by things with sensors
than by people Unlike
the broad horizontal
reach of the PC’s and
smartphones, the IoT is
very fragmented
IoT Vs Internet S-E-N-S-E What the IOT does How is it different from
the Internet
Everywhere deployed pervasively
( e.g on the human
body, in cars, homes,
cities, factories)
ubiquitous presence,
resulting in an order of
magnitude more
devices and even
greater security
concerns
Question Time
IoT in Action
The Components
Why Now? Enablers of IoT
● Cheap sensors
● Cheap bandwidth
● Cheap processing
● Smart phones
● Ubiquitous wireless coverage
● Big Data-
● IPv6 – more things can be addressed
What is needed? – to realize IoT
• expanding telecom, cable and satellite pipes that
carry traffic through broader Wi-Fi networks is a
critical part
• devices with sensor, memory chips and software
necessary to communicate with pipe is key
IOT - Teaser for a student
The Characteristics
Characteristics of IoT• Interconnectivity- anything can be connected to global
information and communication infrastructure
• Things-related services- capable of providing things-
related services within constraints of things- privacy of
protection and semantic consistency. connecting
physical/virtual
• Heterogeneity- devices are heterogenous
• Dynamic changes- morning/evening
• Enormous scale- billions
IT into Products and Services
The Novelty
Industry: Objectives
Industry Objectives
Light Visible
Phone Audible
Transport Reachable
Medical Healthy
education enlightened
Objective of IoT is to make world connected
IOT is to objects what Internet was for People
● Internet revolution led to the interconnection between
people at an unprecedented scale
● IOT will be the interconnection between objects to
create a smart environment
● In 2011, the number of interconnected devices on
planet overtook the actual number of people
● By 2020, there will be 24 billion interconnected devices
Question Time
IoT in Action
The Consequence
IoT: Connected Things
IoT: Applications The wave of data on the network can be used
● to make lives easier ( think: turn on your heater before
u can get home)
● drive efficiency ( think: turn on your washing machine
when electricity usage and prices fall in the middle of
the night)
● help us anticipate things without a trip to a specialist (
full-body health monitor or car engine diagnosis)
The Consequence: App Economy
● In 2007, there were virtually no mobile apps.
Last year alone, over 100 billion apps were
downloaded, generating $26 billion in sales.
● App stores operated by Apple and Google
now offer more than a million apps each and
people every day depend on apps like
Facebook, Google Maps and Uber.
The Consequence: App Economy ● The IOT app economy is here. And – with the
coming tide of wearable devices giving rise to a
new generation of applications and the
Internet of Things taking off – it’s going to get
big. Fast.
● There are app developers right now who are
working on ways to connect your TV to your
fridge, so you know what drinks are...
The Consequences
● Internet of Things is a widely
useful concept.
● It finds use in industry, society,
institution and individual lives
Areas of Applications● wearables
● connected cars
● connected homes
● connected cities
● industrial Internet
● Transportation
● Oil and Gas
● Health care
Applications
● Environmental monitoring
● infrastructure management
● manufacturing
● energy management
● medical and health care systems
● building and home automation
● Transportation
● Large scale deployments
IT into Products and Services
The Challenges
Challenges
● addressable- need more address space -
IPv6
● accessible- communication protocol
● actionable
Addressing schemes
The ability to uniquely identify “Things” is
critical for the success of IoT. The unique
address must be
uniqueness
reliability
persistence
scalability
Limitations of IPv4
• The current IPv4 may support to an extent
where a group of cohabiting sensor devices
can be identified geographically, but not
individually.
• The internet mobility attribute in IPv6 may
alleviate some of the device identification
problems
An addressing Solution ● IPv4 provides approximately 4.3 billion
addresses;
● We could assign an IPV6 address to EVERY
ATOM ON THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH, and
still have enough addresses left to do
another 100+ earths. It isn’t remotely likely
that we’ll run out of IPV6 addresses at any
time in the future.
A Solution ● Uniform resource name (URN) system is considered
fundamental for the development of IoT.
● URN creates replicas of the resources that can be
accessed through URL
● It also provides a very good option to access the
resources uniquely and remotely.
● Another critical development in addressing is the
development of lightweight IPv6 that will enable
addressing home appliances
The Opportunity
Opportunities
• A New Industry
• New entrepreneurial space
• student projects
• and more
What u need to succede?
The Competence
Competence
• Basic Understanding of
programming
• Experience in Operating systems
and networking
• Basic overview of electonics
A Program #define LED_PIN 13
void setup (){ // Enable pin 13 for digital output pinMode( LED_PIN, OUTPUT );} void loop (){ // Turn on the LED digitalWrite( LED_PIN, HIGH ); // Wait one second (1000 milliseconds) delay( 1000 ); // Turn off the LED digitalWrite( LED_PIN, LOW ); // Wait one second delay( 1000 );}
•
IoT in Action
The Conclusion
Conclusions
● IoT is a new world order.
● It connects objects and make them “ talk to
each other” and share information among
themselves and use that information for
actions.
● A new world of smart devices will make
human life easier
End of Session 0Questions
Upcoming SESSIONS
Session 1Web Architecture for an Internet of Things
Session 2Will IoT be Secure Enough?
Session 3 Applications of IoT
