Internet of Things (IoT) with Cloud Architecture

Presented ByRuchika

Contents: • Introduction• Characteristics of IoT • Fusing Cloud with IoT• IoT-Cloud Service Model• IoT-Cloud Proposed Layer Model• IoT Cloud-Centric Architecture• Develop Internet of Things apps with Docker Containers

Introduction: • Internet of Things: IoT generally refers to scenarios where network connectivity and computing

capability extends to objects, sensors and everyday items, allowing these devices to generate, exchange and consume data with minimal human intervention.

Characteristics of IoT

Characteristics Explanation Consumption Operational data produced by devices (sensor/physical

objects) to consume into IT structure.Connection Connectivity between IoT devices should be compatible

and smart as the network accessibility depends on connection.

Conversion The collected raw data should be converted into meaningful information.

Centralization In IoT, the data is collected from distributed environments, but these data should be centralized to one place for applying analysis.

Cognition In this part using algorithms (software/hardware) the knowledge and wisdom are applied to collected data information in order to take appropriate decision.

Configuration This is used for the safety of data when data transmission from cyber world to physical world or vice versa, the security configuration must be used.

Coordination The coordination between the devices is a better approach for business logistics and scheduling.

Fusing Cloud with IoT• IoT acts as an unbounded source of data generator (as IoT is connecting virtual and physical

objects to the internet). The cloud could play the role as controller and resource provider for IoT. Cloud for IoT is an abstraction for hiding complexity and implementation functionality. The characteristics of cloud and IoT are complementary to each other.

IoT-Cloud Service Model:

• The integration of cloud with IoT gives new prototypes for smart services and applications where Things as a Service (TaaS) is a new hype.

• Wisdom as a service (WaaS) in IOT : Wisdom as a Service enables intelligence and serve wisdom to the IT application. This service is a combination of Data as a Service, Information as a Service, and Knowledge as a Service which enables Things to make correct action and decision at right time. Cloud services (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) and IoT services (SnaaS,DaaS, InaaS), these six “as a service” factors with WaaS makes an IT application to the real-time smart (intelligent) application.

IoT-Cloud Proposed Layer Model:

• Cloud is placed at middleware of basic three layers IoT architecture (Perception, Network, and Application layer). The middleware layer plays a role in centralizing data for managing and analysis. This new framework improves the operating efficiency of IoT.

• Perception Layer: This layer is also known as Object Aware layer. In this layer, a large amount of data is generated. This layer performs two tasks: a) The first task is to collect data (physical properties like temperature, humidity etc) from various physical devices (sensors). b) In the second task, the collected information is converted to a digital signal for easy transmission to network layer.

• Network Layer: Network layer transfer the data received from Perception layer to Processing Layer using different networks(wireless, cable or LAN). At this layer, various technologies and protocols like Bluetooth, ZigBee, WiFi, 3g/LTE, RPL, 6LoWPAN, IPv6 etc are used for secured data transmission and addressing billions of devices.

• Processing Layer: This middleware layer is known as the brain of IoT, where cloud computing and intelligent data processing takes place. This layer includes Cloud computing hardware, software, and management architecture. This layer is responsible for data collection, data purification (removing unwanted data) and data analysis (converting data into useful information).

• Application Layer: This layer provides a high quality of services to the customers by the enterprise. This layer includes supply chain automation, service oriented architecture protocols, and the privacy security for the end users.

• Business Layer: The Business layer observes overall behaviour of IoT system activities and services. Business Intelligence is applied to received data from the Application layer for benefits identification. Performance evaluation is done over the output of each layer in order to enhance the services.

IoT Cloud-Centric Architecture:The Cloud-centric architecture mainly focuses on the internet services, which are highly

dynamic and these different services runs over distributed network. This kind of architecture of IoT with cloud enables industries to use their on-premises architecture to enhance IoT application environment.

• High-performance cloud structure can give better resource utilization for IoT application. The architecture includes BigData analytics, machine learning tools, data mining and artificial intelligence tools for enabling the better approach of converting information into knowledge (wisdom). The features like load-balancing, firewalls, and network segmentation make easy to scale multitier IoT application.

The Internet Architecture Board has described four type of communication pattern : • Device-to-Device• Device-to-Cloud• Device-to-Gateway• Back-End DataSharing (more than one model can be applied for same application).

IoT cloud provider need to consider: • Understand the verticals you target• Scalable data analytics and event processing engine is a must-have• Know the specific type of data required to monitor/gather, the insight required

for your customers• Develop a fully modularized end-to-end system• Follow the new service delivery frameworks with large ecosystems• Develop RF communication specialization (Cellular, WiFi, BLE, 802.15.4/Zigbee,

6LowPan, subGig, SigFox, etc) • Whether you have an SDK or agent-based mechanism, implement a lightweight

communication system • Pay attention to “things” with the focus on ease-of-use • Pay attention to visualization tools and user experience in all parts of the system.• Last but not least, do you have a robust and hardened security and

authentication mechanism that works with advance encryption algorithms?

Develop Internet of Things apps with Docker Containers• The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has been driven in

part by commoditization and accessibility of wireless modules, sensors, and microcontrollers.• As the number and variety of connected devices increases, the

demand for applications to interface with those devices and to process the vast quantities of data that they produce is also increasing.• Containers are a lightweight approach to virtualization that

developers can apply to rapidly develop, test, deploy, and update IoT applications at scale.

Containers overview

• Container-based virtualization (sometimes called operating-system-level virtualization) is much more lightweight. Each container runs as an isolated user space instance on top of a shared host operating system kernel. Although the operating system is shared, individual containers have independent virtual network interfaces, independent process spaces, and separate file systems. These containers can be allocated with system resources like RAM by using control groups that implement resource isolation. Compared to hypervisor-based virtualization, where each VM runs its own operating system which only increases its use of system resources, containers use much less disk and memory resources.

• Docker is an open platform for container-based virtualization on Linux. Docker makes it fast and easy to build containers and to deploy them just about anywhere: in a private or public cloud, within a local VM, or on physical hardware including IoT devices.

LightweightOpenSecure

Working with containers, images, and registries • Each Docker container contains one or more running processes. The

Docker container is launched from an image that specifies these elements:The configuration information for an application to be run inside the

containerIts dependencies, for example, libraries and shared binary files• You can create an image by completing these steps:Pull a base image from the registryRun a series of commands interactivelyCommit the result as a new image

• Hypriot had a short demo session on the second day of the DockerCon 2015 in San Francisco,CA (USA). The goal of the demo was to show that Docker is a really lightweight “virtualization” solution that can be easily run on small IoT devices.