interpret the numbers: putting e-book usage statistics in context
TRANSCRIPT
Interpret the numbers: Putting e-book usage statistics in contextMaria Savova – Director of Information Resources and SystemsMadelynn Dickerson – Information Resources Coordinator
Goal of the study
To understand our e-book usage data by providing meaningful context to the statistics we collect
Our data viewed through the prism of:• Access type – owned vs. subscribed vs. DDA• Simultaneous user access• Rights restrictions - DRM or not• Publication year• Subject/discipline:
o Breadth vs. intensityo In comparison with printo In correlation with user discipline distribution
Data scope: E-books• E-book holdings as of Jan 2015 (363,691 titles)• E-book usage data for Jan-Dec 2014
www.fernandobiz.com
Data scope: Print• Print holdings as of Jan 2015
(793,556 titles)• Print circulation statistics Jan – Dec 2014• Resource sharing statistics for print books
borrowed by CCL patrons Jan – Dec 2014
Excluded from the study
o All print and e-books with unknown classification/publication year (~18,000 print books and ~130,000 e-books)
o Any e-book collection without available title-by-title usage (~66,000 titles)
o All theses/dissertations in both formatso All government documents (~98,000 e-titles and
~114,000 print titles)
Our data• E-books:
o Detailed holdings and usage data kindly provided by our vendors
o Title lists from WMS knowledge base, as well as aggregators and publisher websites
o COUNTER BR2: Section requests (in the vast majority of cases)
o COUNTER BR1: Title requests (when section request data were not available)
• Print books:o OCLC Analytics holdings datao Local circulation statistics – checkouts + renewalso Titles borrowed via Resource Sharing – aggregated
Link+ and ILL data
www.highradius.com
Total holdings All usage0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000
500000
72%
75%
14%
24%
14%
1%
E-book holdings vs. e-book usage per access type
Subscription Owned DDA
Owned titles turnover – 2.3
Subscription titles turnover – 1.3
AH holdi
ngs
SS holdi
ngs
STEM holdi
ngs
MD holdi
ngs
AH usag
e
SS usag
e
STEM usag
e
MD usag
e0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
93% 72%55%
36%
91%88%
44%
23%
3%6%
29%
53%
9%
10%
55%
77%
4% 22% 16%
11%
0.6%
2%0.7%
0.4%
E-book holdings vs. e-book usage per access type by dis-
cipline
Subscription Owned DDA
DDA owned subscription Overall0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
6% 15%
6%
7%
Proportion of used e-book titles by access type
Titles without usage Titles with usage
DDA owned subscription Overall0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
1
15
22
18
Average number of uses per used title by access type
Limited (1-3 users)1.3%
Unlimited98.7%
E-book holdings by simulta-neous access model
Total holdings Used titles Not used titles98.00%
98.10%
98.20%
98.30%
98.40%
98.50%
98.60%
98.70%
98.80% 98.65%
98.24%
98.68%
Proportion of unlimited access holdings vs. unlimited access
used titles
Limited simultaneous access Unlimited simultaneous access16.5
17.0
17.5
18.0
18.5
19.0
19.5
19.2
17.5
Average number of uses per used title
non-DRM15%
DRM85%
E-book holdings by access rights
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
0.2% 4%1.4%
9%
11%
45%
60%
0.1%
22%
16%
13% 0.9%
0.1% 54% 44%
20%
3%
5%
0.1%
13%0.4%42%
5%
Proportion of DRM vs. non-DRM
e-books holdings per subject
DRM Non-DRM
Total holdings Used0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
85%72%
15%28%
Proportion of used DRM vs. non-DRM e-book titles
DRM Non-DRM
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0500
1000150020002500300035004000
5% 6%2% 42%
15%
76%
90%
0.1%
68%
35%
11% 2%
1%74%
71%41%
5%
6%
26%
1% 46%
9%
Proportion of used DRM vs. non-DRM
e-book titles per subject
DRM used Non-DRM used
What does this result mean?• Non-DRM e-books represent bigger proportion of
used titles that than they do of all titles, except in history (non-DRM history e-books are 13% of all holdings, and only 11% of all used titles)
• Non-DRM books are more desirable?• Non-DRM books are easier to access?• Non-DRM books are more easily discoverable?
http://office.microsoft.com/en-ca/images|
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
38 1,171 274 365 322 338 329 669 1,286 1,997 7,492
40,528
158,123
21,85028,86928,556
34,853
23,992
E-book holdings by publication year
E-books
100 years 10 years 1 year
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
381,171 274 365 322 338 329 669 1,286
1,997 7,492
40,528
158,123
21,85028,86928,556
34,853
23,992
189 823 4,524
6,795
33,257
14,02916,165
26,42630,76129,923
43,031
75,124
97,038
108,212
137,199129,046
8,232 8,296 9,193 9,8255,468
E-book holdings by publication year
in context
E-books Print books
100 years 10 years 1 year
1700
-1799
1800
-1899
1900
-1909
1910
-1919
1920
-1929
1930
-1939
1940
-1949
1950
-1959
1960
-1969
1970
-1979
1980
-1989
1990
-1999
2000
-2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
0 77 21 37 20 44 43 224 1,073 1,247 5,574
30,172
211,264
41,34851,10955,080
37,875
18,205
2014 e-book usage stats by publication year
Total usage
1700
-1799
1800
-1899
1900
-1909
1910
-1919
1920
-1929
1930
-1939
1940
-1949
1950
-1959
1960
-1969
1970
-1979
1980
-1989
1990
-1999
2000
-2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
0 77 21 37 20 44 43 224 1,073 1,247 5,574
30,172
211,264
41,34851,10955,080
37,875
18,205
2014 e-book usage stats by publication year in context
Total usage Total holdings
1700-1799
1800-1899
1900-1909
1910-1919
1920-1929
1930-1939
1940-1949
1950-1959
1960-1969
1970-1979
1980-1989
1990-1999
2000-2009
2010 2011 2012 2013 20140.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
0.000.07 0.08 0.10 0.06
0.13 0.13
0.33
0.83
0.620.74 0.74
1.34 1.30
1.77
1.93
1.09
0.76
Average number of uses per available title
1700-
1799
1800-
1899
1900-
1909
1910-
1919
1920-
1929
1930-
1939
1940-
1949
1950-
1959
1960-
1969
1970-
1979
1980-
1989
1990-
1999
2000-
2009
2010 2011 2012 2013 20140
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
180000
3% 5% 5% 3% 5% 6% 6% 6% 6%5%
6%
7%
7% 9% 10%9%
6%
Percentage of available titles with usage in 2014
Titles not used Titles used
1700-
1799
1800-
1899
1900-
1909
1910-
1919
1920-
1929
1930-
1939
1940-
1949
1950-
1959
1960-
1969
1970-
1979
1980-
1989
1990-
1999
2000-
2009
2010 2011 2012 2013 20140.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
2.571.50 2.06 1.82
2.59 2.05
5.60
14.12
11.13
13.56 13.43
20.07
17.34
20.48 20.24
12.69 12.38
Average number of uses per used title
Takeaways from publication year analysis• It is essential to correlate titles lists to usage reports – to
highlight the titles with zero usage• E-book holdings are quite low through the end of 20th
century publication year• E-book publishing picks up in the 1990s and as of the
early 2000s it surpasses print holdings• The highest usage per title is observed in e-books
published within the last 5-10 years• E-books published between the 1960s and the 1990s
however show significant usage as well
Agricultu
re
Anthro
pology
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical S
cience
s
Busines
s & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Computer
scien
ce
Educatio
n
Engineerin
g & te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy &
earth
scien
ces
Histor
y
Languag
e, lin
guistics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Library
scien
ce, g
ener
alitie
s & re
feren
ce
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne & hea
lth
Music &
perfo
rming ar
ts
Philoso
phy & re
ligion
Physica
l educa
tion &
recre
ation
Physica
l scie
nces
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
05000
100001500020000250003000035000400004500050000
3,0042,5304,941
9,501
47,206
5,159
19,534
14,211
28,255
5,694
34,69137,337
8,4628,01210,298
26,106
8,063
25,742
1,373
10,06414,295
11,326
27,888
E-book holdings by subject
E-books
Agricultu
re
Anthro
pology
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical S
cience
s
Busines
s & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Computer
scien
ce
Educatio
n
Engineerin
g & te
chnolo
gy
Geogra
phy & ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Languag
e, lin
guistics
& lit
erat
ure
Law
Library
scien
ce, g
ener
alitie
s & re
fere
nce
Mathem
atics
& st
atist
ics
Medici
ne & hea
lth
Music &
perfor
ming arts
Philos
ophy &
relig
ion
Physica
l educ
ation
& re
creati
on
Physica
l scie
nces
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
020000400006000080000
100000120000140000160000180000200000
5,15919,534
28,255 26,10611,326
E-book holdings by subject in context
E-books Print books
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
3,1174,9606,6125,334
38,504
1,172
37,650
12,091
32,077
6,415
59,262
45,308
10,71016,35614,182
22,08019,199
39,275
2,0954,806
19,082
10,752
44,700
Total e-book uses per subject
Uses
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
3,1174,9606,6125,334
38,504
1,172
37,650
12,091
32,077
6,415
59,262
45,308
10,710
16,35614,182
22,08019,199
39,275
2,0954,806
19,082
10,752
44,700
Total e-book uses per subject
Uses
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
010000200003000040000500006000070000
Total e-book uses per sub-ject in context
Total holdings Uses
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
1.04
1.96
1.34
0.560.82
0.23
1.93
0.851.14 1.13
1.71
1.21 1.27
2.04
1.38
0.85
2.38
1.53 1.53
0.48
1.33
0.95
1.60
Average number of uses per available
e-title per subject
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
05000
100001500020000250003000035000400004500050000
4% 8% 8%5%
5%
4%
13%5%
6%
5%
2% 6%
4% 8% 10%
5%
9%
13%
9%
3%8% 9%
8%
Percentage of available e-book titles with usage in 2014
Titles not used Titles used
Broad usage vs. intensity
• The overall turnover of e-book titles is 1.25 – i.e. per average every available title has been used 1.25 times during 2014
• All of e-book usage in 2014 comes from only 7% of all available titles – per subject that number varies between 4% (agriculture, chemistry, and law) and 13% (philosophy & religion)
Agric
ultur
e
Anthr
opolo
gy
Art &
arch
itectu
re
Biolog
ical s
cienc
es
Busine
ss &
econ
omics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educ
ation
Engin
eerin
g & te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Lang
uage
, ling
uistic
s & lit
eratu
re Law
Libra
ry sc
ience
, gen
erali
ties &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philo
soph
y & re
ligion
Phys
ical e
duca
tion &
recre
ation
Phys
ical s
cienc
es
Politi
cal s
cienc
e
Psyc
holog
y
Socio
logy
Overa
ll0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
28.60
24.82
16.41
11.28
17.56
5.30
15.0516.37
19.8421.75
24.94
19.55
31.69
24.88
13.8215.50
25.30
11.71
17.3118.1217.24
10.32
18.7717.57
Average number of uses per used
e-book title per subject
Most and least used titles
• Reference (dictionary) - 9,428 uses• Language, linguistics, & literature book – 3,899 uses• Education book – 2,652 uses• Sociology title – 2,506 uses• History title – 2,359 uses
• Geography & earth sciences – 632 uses• Physical sciences – 466 uses• Physical education & recreation – 377 uses• Mathematics & statistics – 308 uses• Chemistry - 57 uses
Agricultu
re
Anthro
pology
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical S
cience
s
Busines
s & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Computer
scien
ce
Educatio
n
Engineerin
g & te
chnolo
gy
Geogra
phy & ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Languag
e, lin
guistics
& lit
erat
ure
Law
Library
scien
ce, g
ener
alitie
s & re
fere
nce
Mathem
atics
& st
atist
ics
Medici
ne & hea
lth
Music &
perfor
ming arts
Philos
ophy &
relig
ion
Physica
l educ
ation
& re
creati
on
Physica
l scie
nces
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
020000400006000080000
100000120000140000160000180000200000
5,15919,534
28,255 26,10611,326
E-book vs. print books holdings by subject
E-books Print books
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical S
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Print books circulation during 2014, including borrowed via
resource sharing
Local checkouts Resource sharing requests
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000E-book usage compared to print
usage
Section requests Local checkouts Resource sharing requests
Agricu
lture
Anthro
polog
y
Art & ar
chite
cture
Biolog
ical S
cienc
es
Busine
ss & ec
onom
ics
Chemist
ry
Compu
ter sc
ience
Educa
tion
Engine
ering
& te
chno
logy
Geogr
aphy
& ea
rth sc
ience
s
Histor
y
Langu
age,
lingu
istics
& lit
eratu
reLaw
Librar
y scie
nce,
gene
raliti
es &
refer
ence
Mathem
atics
& st
atisti
cs
Medici
ne &
healt
h
Music
& perfo
rming
arts
Philos
ophy
& re
ligion
Physic
al ed
ucati
on &
recr
eatio
n
Physic
al sc
ience
s
Politic
al sc
ience
Psych
ology
Sociol
ogy
0.0
50.0
100.0
150.0
200.0
250.0
300.0
416 13 3 8 5 4 9 6 4 10 11 22
2 9 10 17 1531
8 12 22 19
104
196
134
5682
23
193
85114 113
171
121 127
204
138
85
238
153 153
48
133
95
160
Average number of uses per 100 available titles
Turnover rate of print books Turnover rate of e-books
Students Faculty E-book holdings
E-book usage
E-book used titles
Print book
holdings
Print book
checkouts
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
21%
35%30%
37% 36%
56% 61%
41%
35%35%
31% 31%
24%
28%
37%29%
32% 28% 31%
17%11%
0.02202962946669160.03588896276158060.0235199014550774 0.0259976232604909
Book holdings and usage statistics vs. user distribu-
tion per discipline
AH SS STEM MD
