intoduction to tinyos, nesc and tossim

Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM Introduction to Hardware TinyOS Installation TinyOS Programming using nesC Simulation with TOSSIM Troubleshooting References

Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM:An Application Perspective

Prakhar BansalRegistration No. - 2011CS29

Computer Science and Engineering DepartmentMotilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad,

Allahabad, India

January 29, 2013Prakhar Bansal, MNNIT Allahabad 1 / 29

TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM


1 Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM

2 Introduction to Hardware

3 TinyOS Installation

4 TinyOS Programming using nesCMote-mote Radio CommunicationMote-PC Serial Communication

5 Simulation with TOSSIM

6 TroubleshootingTinyOS-2.x versus TinyOS-1.xTroubleshooting TinyOS-2.1.1Troubleshooting TOSSIM

7 References

Prakhar Bansal, MNNIT Allahabad 2 / 29



What is TinyOS?

free, open-source, BSD-licensed OS designed for low-powerembedded distributed wireless devices used in sensor networks[1].

designed to support the concurrency intensive operationsrequired by networked sensors with minimal hardwarerequirements.

developed by University of California, Berkeley, Intel Researchand Crossbow Technology.

written in nesC programming language [2].




What is nesC?

network embedded systems C, C optimized to supportcomponents and concurrency [3].

component based, event driven programming language usedto build application for TinyOS platform.

components are wired together to run applications on TinyOS.

Programs = software components (connected statically viainterfaces).




What is TOSSIM?

simulates entire TinyOS applications [4].

replaces components with simulation implementations.

core code = tos/lib/tossim

2 interfaces: c++ and python.




Introduction to HardwareMICAz mote: MPR2400CA

Figure: MICAz mote




MICAz mote

2.4 GHz mote for enabling low-power wireless sensor networks.

IEEE 802.15.4 compliant Radio frequency transceiver.

radio, resistant to RF interference and provides inherent datasecurity.

Atmel128L, low power microcontroller.

51-pin expansion connector.

high speed (250 Kbps), hardware security (AES-128).

MICAz mote specification




Sensor Board: MTS400CAWhat can it sense?

acceleration: dual-axis acceleration sensor.

atmospheric pressure: barometric pressure sensor.

light: ambient light sensor.

humidity and temperature: relative humidity and temperaturesensor.

MTS400CA specification




Sensor Board: MDA100CBWhat can it sense?

light: light sensor and photocell.

92 unconnected soldering points.

51-pin connector.

MDA100CB specification




Other Hardware

gateway, mib520

usb cable

AA Alkaline batteries




TinyOS InstallationTinyOS-2.1.1: Installation Steps for ubuntu linux

1 Add“deb http://tinyos.standard.edu/tinyos/dists/ubuntu[CODENAME] main” in /etc/opt/sources.listOR add using synaptic [5].

2 To check linux codename use; lsb release− a command.

3 sudo apt-get update OR through synaptic.

4 synaptic; tinyos-2.1.1 installpath: /opt/tinyos-2.1.1

5 Add “source /opt/tinyos-2.1.1/tinyos.sh”line in ∼/.bashrc or∼/.profile (superuser).

6 compile tinyos.jar and change permissions.




TinyOS Programming using nesCBlink Application

make micaz install mib520,serial portmake micaz install mib520,/dev/ttyUSB0

change permissions.




Understanding Blink ApplicationTinyOS Boot Sequence

understanding BlinkAppC.nc and BlinkC.nc

Interfaces: Init.nc, Scheduler.nc and Boot.nc

Configuration file: RealMainC.nc and module MainC.nc

LedsC.nc




Documentation of TinyOS Programs

make micaz docs

tinyos-2.1.1/doc/nesdoc




Mote-mote Radio Communication

Mote-mote Radio Communication

BlinktoRadio and BaseStation communications.




Mote-PC Serial Communication

Mote-PC Serial CommunicationTestSerial

mote will send data to PC on a serial-port.java net.tinyos.tools.Listen -comm serial@/dev/ttyUSB0:micazjava net.tinyos.sf.SerialForwarder -commserial@/dev/ttyUSB0:micazjava TestSerialPacket format:

Figure: MICAz mote





MIG-tool: Message Interface Generator

/tests/TestSerial

compile java files

java net.tinyos.tools.MsgReader -commserial@/dev/ttyUSB1:micaz TestSerialMsg





BlinktoRadio/BaseStation

BlinktoRadio motes sends data to BaseStation.





Oscilloscope

SENSORBOARD=basicb/micasb make micaz install,1mib510,/dev/ttyUSB0

Reading the sensor readings using GUI application.




Simulation with TOSSIM

simulates entire TinyOS application [4]

TinyOS library

works by replacing components with simulationimplementations

core code = tos/lib/tossim

currently for micaz motes only

RadioCountToLeds

make micaz sim

writes xml schema




Running TOSSIM with Python

from TOSSIM import *

t=Tossim([])

t.runNextEvent()

m=t.getNode(32);

m.bootAtTime(45654);

t.runNextEvent()

m.isOn()

m.turnOff()

dir(t)




Printing using debugging statements

RadioCountToLeds; modify Boot.booted()

dbg(“Boot”, “Application booted”);

import sys

t.addChannel(“Boot”, sys.stdout);

t.addChannel(“RadioCountToLedsC”, sys.stdout);

t.runNextEvent()




Configuring a Network

from TOSSIM import *

t = Tossim([])

r = t.radio()

dir(r)

r.add(src, dest, gain)

r.connected(src, dest)

r.gain(src, dest)

r.threshold()

r.setThreshold(val)

creating a topology from file




Adding a Noise

tos/lib/tossim/noise

uses createNoiseModel()

meyer-heavy.txt

for node number i; t.getNode(i).addNoiseTraceReading(val)

for node number i; t.getNode(i).createNoiseModel()

t.getNode(1).bootAtTime(100001);

t.runNextEvent()

running directly from file




TinyOS-2.x versus TinyOS-1.x

TinyOS-2.x versus TinyOS-1.x

Replacement of Tinyviz (used in TinyOS-1.x)

no make pc, its make micaz sim

currently only for micaz motes




Troubleshooting TinyOS-2.1.1

Troubleshooting TinyOS-2.1.1

lots of problem in setting paths and environment variables.

need to compile tinyos.jar

changing permissions of serial ports

do verify serial port

changing permissions of tinyos.jar

may be their is no class file in the folder, when running some.class file, need to run make




Troubleshooting TOSSIM

Troubleshooting TOSSIM

change in python version in/opt/tinyos− 2.1.1/tos/lib/tossim/tossim wrap.cxx




References

TinyOShttp://www.tinyos.net.

TinyOShttp:

//docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Main_Page.

nesChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NesC.

TOSSIM Simulationhttp://www.tinyos.net/dist-2.0.0/doc/html/

tutorial/lesson11.html.

TinyOS Installationhttp://docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Getting_

started.Prakhar Bansal, MNNIT Allahabad 28 / 29


http://www.tinyos.net

http://docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Main_Page

http://docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Main_Page

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NesC

http://www.tinyos.net/dist-2.0.0/doc/html/tutorial/lesson11.html

http://www.tinyos.net/dist-2.0.0/doc/html/tutorial/lesson11.html

http://docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Getting_started

http://docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Getting_started


Thankyou

Questions Please?



intoduction to tinyos, nesc and tossim

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