intro to computers os

Basic Computing Skills

Day 2

Computing Skills

Introduction to Computers and OS2Training ObjectiveIntroduction of Computer & Window (DAY -2)Computer, Input / Output Devices Basic Architecture of ComputerWindow XP, Start Menu, Desktop, Control PanelLogin, Password, Virus and Anti-VirusTurn Off, Stand by, RestartWindow Installation Introduction of Internet & Email (Day 3) Internet Search EnginesEmail and OutlookInternet SecurityLAN Configuration

Introduction of ComputerA computer is a device

Accepts input

processes data

stores data

produces output

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Input DevicesKeyboard

Mouse

Scanner

CD-Drive, Floppy Drive, Flash Drive

4

Central Processing UnitALU: arithmetic/logic unitPerforms arithmetic and Boolean logical calculations

CU: control unit Controls processing of instructions

Interface unit Bundle of wires that carry signals and power between different components

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Computer MemoryThe main function of computer memory is to store software.

Computer memory is divided into Primary and Secondary Memory

Primary MemoryROMRAM

Secondary MemoryCD, Floppy, Flash Drive

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Output DevicesMonitor

Printer

Audio Devices7

Hardware and SoftwareComputer Hardware: Computer hardware is the physical part of a computer, including the digital circuits. e.g. monitor, keyboard, power supply etc.

Computer Software: Computer software executes within the hardware. Soft in the sense they are readily created, modified or erased on the computer. e.g. drivers, window, MS office etc. 8

9Computer System

Advantages of Using Computer SystemSpeed

Accuracy

Security

Database

Entertainment10

Data and InformationData: Raw facts and figures.

Information: Information is the result of analyzing data.

SAP Information SystemWhat is ERP? (Enterprise Resource Planning)

Introduction of SAP (Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing) It is divided into modules that include Financial Accounting (FI), Controlling (CO), Production Planning (PP), Materials Management (MM), Sales and Distribution (SD), etc.

Implementation

Advantages

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12Window XPUse Desktop icons and the Taskbar to launch programs and open files or folders

Organize and manage data, including copying, moving, creating, and deleting files and folders

Customize the desktop by changing the theme, background, colors, and settings, and adding a screen saver

Use the Help and Support Center features

Customize monitor settings

Start Windows XP by powering on the computer and its peripheral devices (monitor, printer, etc.)

Click your user account icon to log on without a password, OR, as needed, type your user name, then type in the password, and press Enter to log on

Your desktop will appear

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The Windows Desktop12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com17

Icons represents programs, files and foldersTask barRecycle bin

Display Properties12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com18

Use start menu to launch programs

Click a pinned or recently-used application program

Control Panel, Install and Uninstall programs and Printer

Click Search at the bottom right to look for a program, folder, or file, help and Support regarding window, Run programs

Click All Programs to navigate to programs not shown

All Programs12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com21

Opening a Program

Click the Start button, Then drag up to All Programs, Drag over and up to Accessories, The drag down to system tools, And click Files & Settings

Notification Area

Contains icons for specializedprograms that run in thebackground; newly installedprograms may add icons

Computers system clock12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com24

Double-click the system clock icon to display its dialog box and options

Click to select or change the date and time components; click OK when finished

Setting Taskbar Properties12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com25

Right-click an empty area of the Taskbar; then left-click properties

Control Panel12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com26

Control Panel is full of specialized tools that are used to change the way Windows looks and behaves.

Add and Remove Programs12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com27

You must be logged on as an administrator or a member of the Administrators group in order to complete this procedure.To open Add or Remove Programs, click Start, click Control Panel, and then click Add or Remove Programs.

My Computer12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com28

My Computer shows you the contents of your floppy disk, hard disk, CD-ROM drive, and network drives. You can also search for and open files and folders, and gain access to options in Control Panel to modify your computer's settings. To open My Computer, click Start, and then click My Computer.

Virus and Anti-Virus

A virus is a program that can copy itself and infect various parts of your computer, such as documents, programs, and parts of your operating system.

A worm is a program that makes copies of itself and can spread outside your operating system; it can copy itself from one computer to another by using e-mail or another transport mechanism.

A Trojan horse is a harmless-looking program designed to trick you into thinking it is something you want, but which performs harmful acts when it runs. It is typically received through downloads from the Internet. A good way to help protect your computer from Trojan horses is to visit only Web sites you trust.

How do antivirus programs help protect my computer?Antivirus programs scan e-mail and other files on your computer for viruses, worms, and Trojan horses. If a virus, worm, or Trojan horse is found, the antivirus program either quarantines it or deletes it entirely before it damages your computer and files.

30Virus and Anti-Virus

Security Center12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com31

Turning off the ComputerOptionDescriptionRestore the ComputerStandbyComputer switches to low power; monitor and hard drive turn off; memory is not saved; saves battery power for laptops.Quickly press the Power ON button on the computer; restores desktop and all open programs

Hi-bernate ( Shift + Standby ) Computer saves everything in memory, turns off the monitor and hard drive; turns off the computer

Turn Off Shuts down Windows XP and turns off all power to the computer Press the computers Power ON button

RestartShuts down Windows XP; warm boots the computer N/A12/13/2006

DAY 3

Internet & email, NIC Configuration with hands on sessionsInternet and E-mail

The internet is a very big network of computers.

A Network is a number of computers joined together by telephone lines.

These computers can be anywhere in the world.

The internet is also called the World Wide Web.

Search Engines12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com35

12/13/2006Free template from www.brainybetty.com36


Community Websites





How to create an Email Account




Microsoft Outlook45Microsoft Outlook 2007 is the most widely used personal information manager and communications application.

Used by more than 120 million people worldwide, the application provides complete e-mail, calendaring, and communications functionality.







TCP/IP Basic

Early protocol suiteUniversalIntroduction to TCP/IPHost

InternetTCP/IP

Host53Purpose: This figure explains the history of TCP/IP.Emphasize: In the mid-1970s, DARPA established a packet-switched network to provide electronic communication between research institutions in the United States. DARPA and other government organizations understood the potential of packet-switched technology and were just beginning to face the problem virtually all companies with networks now havehow to establish communication between dissimilar computer systems.

IP Addressing 255255 255 255DottedDecimalMaximumNetworkHost32 bits54Layer 1 of 3:Purpose: This figure show the general format of an IP address.In layer 1, the address is 32 bits with a network and host portion.

IP Addressing 255255 255 255DottedDecimalMaximumNetworkHost1286432168421

11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111Binary32 bits18916172425321286432168421

1286432168421

1286432168421

55Layer 3 of 3:In layer 2, one can convert the address to binary.IP Addressing 255255 255 255DottedDecimalMaximumNetworkHost1286432168421

11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 10101100 00010000 01111010 11001100Binary32 bits 172 16 122 204ExampleDecimalExampleBinary18916172425321286432168421

1286432168421

1286432168421

56Layer 3 of 3:In layer 3, an example of dotted-decimal format and binary are displayed.Emphasize: IP address format is dotted-decimal. Dotted-decimal makes it easy to work with IP addresses. However, in this course we will work with the addresses on the bit level, so we will convert these addresses into binary, make changes to them, and convert them back.The central authority for addresses is the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.Note: This most common form of addressing reflects the widely used IP version 4. Faced with the problem of depleting available addresses, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) work is under way for a backward-compatible next generation of IP (IPng, also called IP 6). IP 6 will offer expanded routing and addressing capabilities with 128-bit addresses rather than the 32-bit addressing shown on the graphic. Addresses from both IP versions will coexist. Initial occurrences will probably be at locations with address translator software and firewalls.

Class A: Class B: Class C: Class D: Multicast Class E: ResearchIP Address ClassesNetworkHostHostHostNetworkNetworkHostHostNetworkNetworkNetworkHost8 bits8 bits8 bits8 bits57Purpose: This graphic describes the three most common classes of IP address. Emphasize: Discuss classes of addresses. Each address contains information about the network number and the host number of the device. Class A addresses are for very large organizations. Class B addresses are for smaller organizations, and Class C addresses for even smaller ones.As the number of networks grows, classes may eventually be replaced by another addressing mechanism, such as classless interdomain routing (CIDR). RFC 1467, Status of CIDR Deployment in the Internet, presents information about CIDR. RFC 1817, CIDR and Classful Routing, also presents CIDR information.

IP Address Classes1Class A:Bits:0NNNNNNNHostHostHost891617242532Range (1-126)1Class B:Bits:10NNNNNNNetworkHostHost891617242532Range (128-191)1Class C:Bits:110NNNNNNetworkNetworkHost891617242532Range (192-223)1Class D:Bits:1110MMMMMulticast GroupMulticast GroupMulticast Group891617242532Range (224-239)58Emphasize: Highlight the fixed values that start each class address.The first octet rule states that when an address falls into a specified range, it belongs to a certain class. Students should soon be able to recognize the address class of any IP address on sight.Note: If time or interest permits, you can use the initial bit patterns in the first octet and show how a class of IP network derives the range of network numbers for that IP address class.

LAN CONFIGURATIONS 59Windows - 7

Click on Start and then go to Control PanelControl Panel

Click Network and Sharing CenterNetwork & Sharing Center

View Basic Network InfoStatus: OKChange Adapter settings

Network & Sharing CenterLAN issue Basic infoWAN Issue Basic InfoChange Adapter Settings

Network Normal StatusLocal Area Connection Un-Plugged

Network Cable un-pluggedLocal Area Connection Properties

Right Click and select PropertiesTCP/IP v-4 SettingsTCP/IP V-4 Settings (Auto)

Auto Configuration of IP Address and DNS Server addressTCP/IP Settings (Manual)

Manual Configuration of IP Address and DNS Server AddressLocal Area Connection Status

LAN Connection statusNetwork Connection Details

Network Connection DetailsNIC Configurations

NIC ConfigurationsConfirmation Before NIC Configuration

Click Yes to ProceedSpeed & Duplex Settings

Network adapter speed ConfigurationSet to Auto NegotiationPower Management

Optional Power Management Settings 75

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