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7 October

List as many countries in Europe as you can:

Introduction to the Geography of Europe

Southern Europe

PortugalSpainItalyGreece

Physical:- Access to seas

Strait of Gibraltar

- Peninsula: land surroundedby water on 3 sides

- Lowlands at coasts, higher inland

- Mountains: Alps in Northern Italy, Pyrenees in Northern Spain

Phys Map

Climate:

- Warm, sunny climate

Economy:

- Trade by ship (many ports)

- Fishing

- Tourism (beaches, castles, cultural sites)

PAUSE

West-Central Europe

FranceGermanyBelgiumNetherlandsLuxembourgSwitzerland Austria

Physical

Lowlands closer to ocean, higher elevations as youmove away from the ocean

Physical: Alps Mountains

Alps - cut Italy off from the rest of Europe

Physical: Pyrenees Mountains

Pyrenees - mountains serve as a natural border between Spain and France

Physical: Ural Mountains

Ural Mountains form natural barrier between Europe and Asia

Northern European Plain

- flat, fertile ground for farming- runs across many countries in NorthernEurope

Climate

Marine West Coast- Cold Winters, Mild Summers

Colder climates fartheraway from oceans

Resources

Fertile soil, iron ore, coal, hydroelectric power

Northern Europe

United Kingdom Ireland NorwaySwedenFinlandIcelandGreenland

Physical

Hills (Ireland)

- Highlands- Mountains

Scandinavian Peninsula

Formed byNorway and Sweden(surrounded by wateron 3 sides)

FjordsU-shaped valleys that connect to the sea Filled with seawater after glaciers melted (Common in Norway)

North Sea and Baltic Sea

- Very cold- Can be dangerous

Climate

- Generally, Marine West Coast

BUT……..

Northern Scandinavia:

- Subarctic: cool with cold, harsh winters

or….FAR north:

Tundra: permafrost (frozen year-round) with no trees, only mosses

Ice Hotels (Northern Sweden)

Resources / Economy:

- Shipping/Fishing

- Timber from forests in Sweden/Finland

- Oil

EASTERN EUROPE

Eastern Europe: Physical

Carpathian Mountains(also known as Transylvanian Mountains)

Northern European Plain

- Danube River = route for trade and transportation

- Danube dumps into the Black Sea

- Black Sea separates Europe from Asia

Eastern Europe: Climate

- Harsher climatethan Western Europebecause it is farther away from Atlantic Ocean

Eastern Europe: Natural Resources

coal, natural gas, iron