Introduction ABAP Dates

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Lecture Overview I go into more depth than your book

about how currency and quantity values work

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Introduction (Dates) If you come from a .NET or most worlds,

dates are treated much differently from what you are used to

In SAP, dates are not numerical. They are just a special character type Arithmetic operations are performed by

SAP converting data internally for you

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Dates (Data Type) We have a couple of ways to deal with

dates The primary date data type System fields for date and time that come

from the SYST struct

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The SYST Structure (Illustration)

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The SYST Structure (Illustration)

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The Date (D) Data Type (1) It’s just an 8 character string

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The Date (D) Data Type (2) The internal format is YYYYMMDD There are ABAP dictionary fields for

dates sy-datum gets the value of the system

date Example to print the current date

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The Date (D) Data Type (3) We can perform arithmetic on dates Add 30 days to the current date

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The Date (D) Data Type (4) We extract parts using positional

params +n denotes the starting position (offset

specification) (n) denotes the number of characters to

get

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Manipulating Date Parts When subtracting two dates, you get

the number of elapsed days Adding an integral value adds days to a

date

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The Time (T) Data Type The Time (T) data type stores the time

as a character string HHMMSS ABAP dictionary types store timestamps

in UTC format TIMESTAMP (YYYMMMDDDhhmmss) TIMESTAMPL

(YYYMMDDhhmmssmmmuuun) sy-uzeit gets the system time

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The Time (T) Data Type (Example) Declare a time variable and store the

current time in it

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The Time (T) Data Type (Example) Get the time parts (hour, minute,

second)

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Introduction to Reference Fields Quantity and currency amounts use

reference fields Quantities work with UNIT (units) Currency fields work with (a currency key)

CUKY The reference table contains a field with

the currency key (CUKY) Or unit of measure UNIT

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Introduction to Reference Fields From help.sap.com

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Quantity and Currency Fields They are not primary data types They are components of a structure in

the ABAP dictionary

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Currency Fields They are used to convert amounts from

one currency to another

They are really packed (P) BCD numbers A currency must also have currency key,

which designates the currency CUKY type

Use of the CURR data type is discouraged

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Currency Tables

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Currency Tables TCURC currency codes TCURF conversion factors TCURR exchange rate

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Currency (Example) Using the table ZEKEDAHLTEST

PRICE is of type CURR

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Currency (Example) Reference table is TCURL (Leading

Currency)

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Currency (Example) The TCURL Table (Edit using IMG)

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Currency (Example) And finally the leading currency in an

exchange quotation

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Currency (Configuring) Exchange ratios are maintained using

transaction code OBBS Exchange rates are maintained using

OB08 Transactions are cleared between

company codes

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Currency (Configuring Exchange Ratios) OBBS – Translation ratios define the unit

ration between the from and to currencies

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Currency (Configuring Exchange Rates) OB08 – Note that ratios and rates are

keyed by the exchange rate type

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Steps in Currency Configuration1. Check Currency Codes - OBY32. Set Decimal Places for Currencies - OBY4 3. Check Exchange Rate Types - OB07 4. Enter Exchange Rates - OB08 5. Define Translation Ratios for Currency Translation - OBBS 6. Define Additional Local Currencies - OB22 7. Define Accounts for Exchange Rate Differences - OB09

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It’s About Units of Measure There are four “units of measure” for

“things” Base unit of measure is used for all

material stocks All quantities entered in other units are

“converted” to the base unit of measure Basic view of the material definition

Sales unit of measure allows materials to be sold in different units

Material master sales view

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It’s About Units of Measure Purchase unit of measure is used for

“purchasing increments” Material master, purchasing view

Unit of issue is the quantity issued from the warehouse

Material master, work scheduling view

Alternate unit of measure is defined in table MARM

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Creating a Unit of Measure Define / use a dimension

The seven base dimensions are length, weight, time, electrical current, temperature, molecular mass, brightness

We rarely need to create these Create units of measure for the

dimension

CUNI is the transaction code

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Unit of Measure (Example) Let’s use time First, Check Units of Measurement from

IMG

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Unit of Measure (Example) Look at the Units of measure for time

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Unit of Measure (Example)

Everything is measured relative to seconds

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Unit of Measure (Example) The conversion factor for minutes.

There are 60 seconds in a minute

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Unit of Measure (Example) The conversion factor for months