introduction & design cable pathways
DESCRIPTION
cable pathways - types, standards, design, best practicesTRANSCRIPT
Proprietary
& Confidential ©
2002 Anixter In
c.2P0008X0
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�Second level
�Third level
�Fourth level
�Fifth level
Pathways design
Jeffrey Lam RCDD
Locationoverhead vs underfloor
Types of pathwaysEnclosed
Conduits and trunkings
Open
Cable trays / J-hooks & Triangle hooks
Design Case studyStar vs Bus topology
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
Design of Cable pathwaysDo not overload cable pathways
Choose shortest route
Avoid split levels
consider possible obstructions (beams, ductwork, etc)
Allow for spare capacityBIG is good but at expense of asethetics & routing space
Provide a concrete kerb for vertical runs
Always maintain bend radius
Always maintain minimum height.
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
Installation of Cable pathwaysGround all pathways
Maintain electrical continuity
Smoothen all cuts and rough edges.
Paint over exposed parts with zinc paint
esp, for powder coated types
Firestop all penetrations across fire compartments
Always use custom made parts, not modified ones
Never use as a walkway
Use cable ties to bundle cable & secure cables onto pathways
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
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& Confidential ©
2002 Anixter In
c.2P0008X0
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�Second level
�Third level
�Fourth level
�Fifth level
Type of pathways
Supported Supported vsvs Suspended systemsSuspended systems
Supported Systems
more time consuming to install.
More material costs
More asethetically pleasing
More stress on cables
Less potential for growth
Covered solutions
•Trunkings / Conduits
Open solutions
•Cable trays
•Cable ladders
•Wire baskets
Suspended Systems
faster to install.
Cheaper.
Less asethetically pleasing
More stress on cables
Less potential for growth
•J-hooks
•Cantenrary Wires
•Triangle hooks
•Cable clips
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
Overview of open systems
�Wire Mesh Cable Tray
�Ladder Rack
�Solid Side Cable Tray
�Center Rail Cable Tray
�J- Hooks
Cable may also be placed in conduit, under raised floors or in trenched floor ducts.
Overview of Open pathways solutions
�Maximum Strength
�Indoor or outdoor use
�Solid Sides are extruded or roll
formed channel
�Rung, solid or ventilated bottom
(rung shown)
�May be aluminum, steel, stainless
steel, fiberglass
�Fabricated intersections,
mechanical splices
Solid Side Cable Tray
Commonly used
with electrical
cables
�Maximum Strength
�Reduced number of fittings, supports and components versus solid side cable trays.
�Rungs may exit the bottom or the side of “rail” and the “rail” may double as a tray divider.
�Combination splice and intersection end hardware.
Center Rail Cable Tray
�Medium strength
�Used for low voltage communications cables (horizontal distribution outside the TR & under raised floors)
�Made from steel wire welded into a grid work
�Flexible, field-fabricated intersections
Wire Mesh Cable Tray
�Medium strength
�Used for low voltage communications cables (overhead/over rack distribution in the ER/TR)
�Made from tubular or solid steel bar welded into a ladder-like structure
�Field- and factory-fabricated intersections
Ladder Rack (Cable Runway)
�Minimum Strength
�Used for low voltage communications cables
�Attach to threaded rod, beams or wires with specialized fasteners
�Up to 16 each 4-pair UTP cables may be supported in a cable hook that is attached to drop ceiling grid wires
J-Hooks
TypicalTypical Cable Cable RunwayRunway InstallationInstallation
Mounted overhead and
attached to racks in the
telecommunications closet
and equipment room.
Ensures that an appropriate
cable pathway exists among
rack-mounted cross connect
equipment.
Vertical wall mounting to support
backbone cabling.
Proprietary
& Confidential ©
2002 Anixter In
c.2P0008X0
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�Second level
�Third level
�Fourth level
�Fifth level
Data Center
top or bottom entry
Overhead Overhead vsvs underfloorunderfloor
��asetheticsasethetics
��lighting levellighting level
��ease of access for changesease of access for changes
��cables wastagecables wastage
Top entry vs bottom entry
Top entry vs bottom entry
Cables, cables everywhere . Look, ma! No trays.
Is everything alright??? Clean, and tidy.
No hidden spiders
Light is partially blocked Clean & bright
Is this patch panel C13 or G18?
I cannot see properly.Great working environment!
Top entry vs bottom entry
Top entry vs bottom entry
“wasted cable”
requires a vertical pathway
“optimal length”
no need for a vertical pathway
Top entry vs bottom entry
Which is easier to make moves, adds and changes?
Top entry vs bottom entry
�Which is better?
� How often do I need to make moves, adds & changes?
� How much cables will I be routing?
�Will there be a lot of work at the racks?
� Do I need to save cables?
� Is there a riser for dropping cables?
Cable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathwaysCable pathways
NEMA Metal Cable Tray Installation Guidelines
download from the website
http://www.nema.org/stds/ve2.cfm
Proprietary
& Confidential ©
2002 Anixter In
c.2P0008X0
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�Second level
�Third level
�Fourth level
�Fifth level
Pathways Design
Datacenter case study
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U
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A
U
C
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A
U
C
R
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U
racksracks
racksracks
Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Reserved for future racksReserved for future racksReserved for future racks
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
Datacenter Design
Route cables from
Comms riser to
racks.
Each rack requires 4
cables
2 designs
�Bus design
�Star design
C
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C
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C
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racksracks
racksracks
Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Reserved for future racksReserved for future racks
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
Bus Design I
� easy access to
main branch.
�more cables at
start of sub- branch
�larger sub-branch
�main branch
contains cables
from cables from
different rows.
3232 2828 2424 2020 1616 1212 88 44
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racksracks
racksracks
Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Reserved for future racksReserved for future racks
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
Bus Design II
� less cables in the
sub-branch
�smaller sub-
branch
�racks pose
obstruction to
adding cables onto
main branch
1616 1212 88 44161612128844
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Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
Bus Design III
� smaller sub-
branch
�no obstruction to
main branch
�main branch still
contains cables
from cables from
different rows.
C
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racksracks
racksracks
Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Reserved for future racksReserved for future racks
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
Bus Design
� main branch uses
different parts from
branch
3232
9696
6464
3232
3232
3232
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C
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racksracks
racksracks
Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Reserved for future racksReserved for future racks
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
Star Design I
� no main branch,
cables from
different rows
separate.
�Easier
identification of
cables
�more expensive
�uses same items
�difficult to route
cables from one
branch to another
32323232
3232
3232
3232
3232
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racksracks
racksracks
Elect.
Elect.
Comms.Comms.
FM200 cylindersFM200 cylinders
BatteriesBatteries
UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS UPSUPS
Reserved for future racksReserved for future racks
Operating ConsoleOperating Console
•Star Design II
problem solved!
�but poses a
problem in
identifying
cables if not
properly managed
�Select Cable Runway by
width to match the type and
quantity of cable that the cable
runway must support.
�CPI provides fill tables for
cable runway that will help
designers select the correct
runway size.
Selecting Cable Runway - Cable Fill
1,2121,89424”
1,0101,57820”
9091,42118”
7581,18415”
60694712”
50578910”
4557109”
3034746”
2533955”
2023164”
Cat 6Cat 5eWidth
Cat 5e is .220” OD.
Cat 6 is .275” OD.
�To determine cable fill
without a fill table, divide the
usable area of cable runway
by the cross-sectional area of
the cable media and reduce by
50%.
�Cable fill must not exceed
6” in depth.
Selecting Cable Runway – Cable Fill
For Example:
• 12” Wide Cable Tray –
Area = 12” x 6”
Area = 72 sq. in.
• .25” Diameter Cable –
Area = 3.1416 x (.125”)2
Area =.049 sq. in.
• Cable Fill Quantity –
Area Tray/Area Cable x 50%
(72 sq. in./.049 sq. in.) x .50
735 Cables
�Elevate runway at least 3”
above racks or cabinets so that
cables can exit properly over a
Radius Drop.
�Support cable runway on the
wall, from the ceiling or on the
tops of racks and cabinets.
Installation Practices
�Supports cable runway every
5’ of span and within 2’ of any
splice or intersection.
�Also, leave 12” of clearance
above cable runway to provide
easy access to cables.
Installation Practices
�If multiple tiers of Cable
Runway are installed, leave 12”
of clearance in between cable
runway for easy access to
cables.
Installation Practices
Proprietary
& Confidential ©
2002 Anixter In
c.2P0008X0
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�Second level
�Third level
�Fourth level
�Fifth level
Pathways Installations
best practices
Suspended systemsSuspended systems
Cable clips
Triangle hooks
J-hooks
Supported systems - overhead
Supported systems -
Open systems
Cable tray
Wire baskets
Cable ladders
Supported systems - overhead
Supported systems -
covered systems
Conduits
Ductings
Fiber Ducting
Supported systems - Underfloor
Supported systems -
Underfloor
Proprietary
& Confidential ©
2002 Anixter In
c.2P0008X0
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�Second level
�Third level
�Fourth level
�Fifth level
THANK YOU!
Jeffrey Lam RCDD
+65 97849870