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BIDDING DOCUMENTSIFB #PP6/THVAP/W/CB/03

CONSTRUCTION WORKS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF CENTRALIZED IRRIGATION

SYSTEMS ALONG NISTRU RIVER

LOT #3 – CIS ‘ROSCANI’

Section X SITE SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN

________________________________________________________________

Rehabilitation Works on CISs along Nistru River IFB #PP6/THVAP/W/CB/03 Millennium Challenge Account – Moldova

TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS...........................................................................................................41. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................61.1. Background...................................................................................................................... 61.2. The purpose of Environment and Social Management Plan............................................61.3. ESMP............................................................................................................................... 61.4. How this Site-Specific ESMP is organized......................................................................72. PROJECT DESCRIPTION.....................................................................................................82.1. Location and main features of CIS Roscani.....................................................................82.2. Description of the Construction Works............................................................................82.3. Description of work during operational phase...............................................................103. REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION................................113.1. National regulatory framework......................................................................................113.2. Environmental and social policies of Millennium Challenge Corporation ...................124. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON SITE...............................................144.1. Climate........................................................................................................................... 144.2. Seismology and Geology............................................................................................... 144.3. Hydrology...................................................................................................................... 144.4. Soil Quality and Erosion................................................................................................ 154.5. Surface Water Resources............................................................................................... 164.6. Underground Water Resources......................................................................................164.7. Biodiversity.................................................................................................................... 164.8. Natural Protected Areas................................................................................................. 175. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT...................................................................185.1. Environmental impact.................................................................................................... 18

5.1.1. Impacts Identified by the ESIA Study..........................................................................................185.1.2. Impacts Specified by the Current Study.......................................................................................18

5.2. Social impact.................................................................................................................. 236. MITIGATION MEASURES................................................................................................256.1. Construction Phase........................................................................................................ 25

6.1.1. Mitigation of Environmental impacts...........................................................................................256.1.2. Mitigation of Social Impacts.........................................................................................................30

6.2. Operation Phase............................................................................................................. 336.2.1. Mitigation of Environmental Impact.............................................................................................336.2.2. Mitigation of Social Impact..........................................................................................................34

7. MONITORING PLAN..........................................................................................................37

_________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 1


8. INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES............................................................................398.1. Construction Phase........................................................................................................ 39

8.1.1. Key Agencies................................................................................................................................398.1.2. Role of Involved Agencies............................................................................................................398.1.3. Reporting and Follow-Up.............................................................................................................39

8.2. Operational Phase.......................................................................................................... 408.2.1. Key Agencies................................................................................................................................408.2.2. Role of Involved Agencies............................................................................................................40

9. CAPACITY BUILDING......................................................................................................429.1. Training needs: Construction Phase...............................................................................429.2. Training needs: Operational Phase................................................................................429.3. Training Program implementation.................................................................................4310. CONTRACTOR’S COMPLIANCE WITH ESMP..............................................................4410.1 Contractor’s ESMP (CESMP).........................................................................................44

10.1.1. Site specific Environmental Management Plan (SEMP)..............................................................4410.1.2. Social Management Plan (SMP)...................................................................................................4410.1.3. CESMP Implementation and required resources..........................................................................4510.1.4. Project Finalization.......................................................................................................................45

11. ESMP PUBLIC CONSULTATION.....................................................................................46Annexes......................................................................................................................................................47Annex A. Mitigation measures...................................................................................................................48Annex B. Monitoring Plan.........................................................................................................................56Annex C. Mitigation and Monitoring Costs...............................................................................................64Annex D. Guidelines For Handling Non-Friable Asbestos-Containing Waste.........................................68Annex E. Roscani Irrigation Area Soil Study...........................................................................................72Annex F. Surface Water Quality Study......................................................................................................73Annex G. Fish damage calculation for Roscani irrigation system water intake from Nistru River...........74Annex H. Roscani Command Area Underground Water Level and Quality.............................................75Annex I Minutes of ESMP Public Consultation Meeting in the CIS Roscani..........................................81Annex J Incident Report Format...............................................................................................................84



LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ACM Asbestos-Containing MaterialsAIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency SystemAM Apele MoldoveiCIS Centralized Irrigation SystemCISRA Centralized Irrigation System Rehabilitation ActivityCC Construction ContractorCESMP CC ESMPDD Detailed DesignDDRAP Detailed Design and Resettlement Action PlanEE&EIA Law on Environmental Expertise and Environmental Impact AssessmentESHSM Environmental & Social and Health & Safety Manager ESIA Environmental and Social Impact AssessmentESMP Environmental and Social Management PlanFS Feasibility StudyFWC Field Water CapacityGoM Government of MoldovaHIV Human Immunodeficiency VirusHS Health and Safety HVA High Value Added Agriculture (Project)ToR Terms of ReferenceIMT Irrigation Management TransferISRA Irrigation Sector Reform ActivityMCA Millennium Challenge AccountMCC Millennium Challenge CorporationME Ministry of EnvironmentMSU Monitoring and Supervision Unit (within Apele Moldovei)MTA (Irrigation) Management Transfer AgreementNCPH National Centre for Public HealthOI Opportunistic InfectionsPCB Polychlorinated BiphenylsPE Polyethylene PPE Personal Protective EquipmentRAP Resettlement Action PlanSEI State Ecological Inspectorate



SMP Social Management PlanSTD Sexually Transmitted Diseases Tbi to be identified THVA Transfer to High Value AgricultureToR Terms of ReferenceVAT Value Added TaxWUA Water User Association



1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background The Millennium Challenge Account (MCA-Moldova), a public institution established under the laws of the Republic of Moldova as the Accountable Entity for the MCA-Moldova Compact, implements the Transition to High-Value Agriculture (THVA) Project, funded by the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) of the United States under the Compact Agreement. As result of the THVA Project and the Irrigation Activities, up to 11 Centralized Irrigation Systems (CIS) will be rehabilitated and their management (operations and maintenance) will be legally transferred to Water User Associations (WUAs) operating in those 11 systems.One of the components of the Project – the DDRAP (Detailed Design and Resettlement Action Plan) elaboration – is implemented by A.E.S.A. Consulting to provide MCA-Moldova technical design support for implementation of the Centralized Irrigation System Rehabilitation Activity including all environmental studies and plans which are integrated into the DD Package to be submitted to the relevant Central Authorities for approval.

1.2. The purpose of Environment and Social Management PlanThe purpose of the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) is to ensure a holistic management of environmental and social impacts which can arise during the planning, design, construction, operation and decommissioning phases of the project.To achieve this, ESMP identifies feasible and cost-effective measures that may reduce potentially significant adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels. Specifically, the ESMP: (a) identifies and summarizes all anticipated significant adverse environmental impacts; (b) describes each mitigation measure, including the type of impact to which it relates and the conditions under which it is required (e.g., continuously or in the event of contingencies), together with designs, equipment descriptions, and operating procedures, as appropriate; and (c) provides linkage with Resettlement Action Plan and other mitigation plans required for the project.Monitoring section of the ESMP provides: (a) a specific description, and technical details, of monitoring measures, including the parameters to be measured, methods to be used, sampling locations, frequency of measurements, and (b) monitoring and reporting procedures to (i) ensure early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures, and (ii) furnish information on the progress and results of mitigation.The ESMP also provides a description of institutional arrangements: who is responsible for carrying out the mitigation and monitoring measures (e.g., for operation, supervision, enforcement, monitoring of implementation, reporting, and staff training).For all three aspects (mitigation, monitoring, and capacity development), the ESMP provides (a) an implementation schedule for measures that must be carried out as part of the project, showing phasing and coordination with overall project implementation plans; and (b) cost estimates and sources of funds for implementing the ESMP.



1.3. ESMPThe ESMP which is to be an integral part of the Bidding Document in the Technical Specifications was developed for rehabilitation of the Roscani Centralized Irrigation System (CIS), as part of the DDRAP activity of the THVA Project of MCA-Moldova. An overall objective of the ESMP is to bring the project into compliance with the environmental and social requirements set by the legislation of the Republic of Moldova (law On ecological expertise and environmental impact assessment and its annexes) and environmental and social policies of the Millennium Challenge Corporation. This site-specific ESMP is built upon the mitigations and monitoring requirements provided in the basin-wide ESMPs developed during the feasibility stage of the THVA Project but supplements those with other mitigations to specifically address environmental and social issues and related negative impacts in the CIS Roscani area during construction/rehabilitation and operation. The EMSP links the mitigation measures into a comprehensive implementation scheme, designed to ensure action.

1.4. How this ESMP is organizedAs per law On ecological expertise and environmental impact assessment (EE&EIA), as well as per DDRAPC ToR requirements, the DDRAP activity should submit the Environmental Protection Chapter to the Central Environmental Authority in charge with the approval of the CIS Design Package. This ESMP is designed to fit the structure of the above said Environmental Chapter. It provides a Project description, describes baseline environmental condition of the site, lists the main environmental/social impacts identified, which will most likely or positively occur during construction and operational phases, describes mitigation, monitoring measures to be taken and institutional responsibilities during project implementation as well as during the operational phase (after project ends) to eliminate adverse impacts, offset them, or reduce them to acceptable levels as well as provides other relevant information having direct relevance to project implementation like for instance brief overview of applicable legislation and MCC policies.This document is also guidance for Construction Contractor (CC) to prepare its own Environmental and Social Management Plan to be integrated in the Detailed Plan of Works on Site, to calculate with adequate accuracy the costs of the environmental protection and social impact mitigation measures that CC has to undertake during the construction phase of the project.Another targeted beneficiary of this ESMP is the Roscani Water Users Association (WUA) “Agroacvila”, which is supposed to take active part in the process of monitoring of works conducted by CC as well as to implement during the operational phase the recommended environmental and social protection measures raised in this document. In this respect, it was helpful to have recommendations set out by additional environmental studies (soil study, hydro-biological study, ground water survey and others) which are part of this ESMP as well as part of the the Environmental Chapter of the DD Package. This ESMP is a subject for annual updating, to be done by the WUA after receiving relevant training.



2. PROJECT DESCRIPTIONThis chapter was developed by using the baseline environmental and social data collected and provided by the Feasibility Study (FS) Consultant in 2009. Additional information was collected from published sources, and from design engineers. CIS-specific environmental and social issues were clarified during the field visits, which included communications with local farmers and managers as well as during the Public Consultation meeting held in Roscani village.

2.1. Location and main features of CIS RoscaniThe Roşcani CIS is located in the Anenii Noi rayon, north of Roscani village, on both sides of the Chisinau-Tiraspol highway. The irrigation system include two sectors; the first sector with area of about 460 ha was built for fodder crop rotation in 1984, and a second sector with area of about 240 ha, located to the North from the first sector was added few years later. The slopes of the land surface are in the range of 2% to 5%. The irrigation areas is situated inside the river meander and lay on natural terraces, at elevations varying between 30 and 80 m above the Nistru River level. The maximum elevation difference within the irrigated area is approximately 60 m.The source of water for Roscani CIS is the Nistru River northward of irrigation area. CIS Roscani includes two pumping stations: the lifting pumping station S-20 and the pressure pumping station S-22 supplying irrigation network by water. The supply pumping station S-20 delivers water via discharge 1,6 km long pipeline with diameter of 600 mm to the 10,000 m3 compensation basin, thus feeding the pressure pumping station S-22. The pressure pumping station S-22 intakes the water from the compensation basin and delivers it to pipe network designed for irrigation 680 ha of agricultural lands.The total length of pipe network is about 17.3 km, including mains (1.9 km), secondary (about 5.07 km) and tertiary networks (about 10,2 km). There are 447 hydrants amounts, 54 manholes, 104 air release valves and about 98 washouts. After the renovation of the CIS Roscani the technical parameters of the system will be: command area –700 ha; total length –18,796 m, including mains –2,470 m, secondary –1,466 m and tertiary networks –14,861 km; hydrants – 346, manholes – 25; air release valves – 49, washouts - 38.The calculated maximal possible water abstraction from the Nistru River by CIS Roscani - assuming the 0,8 lps/ha extraction, during 24 hour a day over a period of 6 months - is about 8.46 million m3 of water (i.e. 0.17 % of the Nistru River water flow).

2.2. Description of the Construction WorksThe system is partly operational 1 as it was built in 1984 and no capital reparation has been undertaken since then. During the past decades there has been a serious lack of maintenance, so the infrastructure is degraded (broken pipes, damaged hydrants and valves, obsolete electrical equipment, and so on). Farmers are either not irrigating or are using temporary private pumps on boats, or they rely on wells for groundwater extraction.In general, the proposed rehabilitation interventions include:

1 Feasibility Study – Annex 14 – Roscani – Final Report, 2009



replacement of intake pipes, including installation of new fish protections structures on the river;

full renovation of pumping stations buildings (both S-20 and S-22); pump replacement, and, building of a new pipe network.

Fig.1 Location and borders of CIS Roscani command area (S-20, S-22) pumping stations

The following construction scenario will be implemented at the CIS Roscani:


S-20

S-22

Chisinau-Tiraspol highway

v. Roscani

Byk


No pipes repairs will be undertaken: new pipes and hydrants will be laid few meters beside, and in parallel with the old network.

For pipe laying and hydrant installation work, a typical crew would entail a foreman, a machine operator, and laborers working together.

Major mechanical equipment will include large trucks, pick-up trucks, backhoes, excavators, bulldozers, cranes, and pipe-laying equipment.

The principal equipment installation areas will be within the pump station grounds; however, pipe sections may also be laid down along easements in advance of secondary-tertiary network interventions.

Senior personnel will likely be housed in nearby cities or towns, while other personnel will be housed in local villages. However, the CC is free to make a decision on staff accommodation.

Pipe installation will normally require a 20-m width easement along the pipeline routes, allowing for space for equipment, pipe section installation, and excavation of an approximately 2-m deep trench.

The removal of old hydrants (where required) will involve the simultaneous replacement of a 7-m length of pipe, and therefore an estimated 20-m width easement along the pipe section.

The removal of old hydrants and valve and manhole replacement (where required) will disturb an estimated area of 25 m2 (5 m x 5 m).

2.3. Description of work during operational phaseThe CIS will be operated by WUA “Agroacvila” established as a juridical entity in February 2012. At the time of developing of this ESMP, no operational plan was developed by WUA. However, the operational planning activities – are foreseen to be conducted within ISRA component of the THVA Project during the year 2014.



3. REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION

3.1. National regulatory frameworkThis chapter provides the list of laws and regulations which have a relevance to implementation of the ESMP, and for some of them provides a brief description. The purpose of this chapter is to guide the stakeholders through legal framework which applies to both construction and operation phase of the project2. Environmental protection and management

Law On environmental protection No. 1515–XII of 16 June 1993 Law On ecological expertise and environment impact assessment No. 851- XIII of 29

May 1996, and Ordinance On organizing and conducting of the state ecological expertise approved by

Decision of the Ministry of Environment No. 188 of 10 September 2002 Subsoil Code No. 3 of 2 February 2009. Law On state supervision over the public health No. 10 of 3 February 2009 (Water used

for irrigation of agricultural crops must meet existing hygiene standards. - Central and local authorities are required to ensure whether riparian buffers around all water sources were establish to prevent and remove pollution.

Law On animal kingdom No. 439-XIII of 27 April 1995 (protection of fauna) Law On fish conservation, fishing and fish-farming No. 149-XVI, 2006 (set out the

conditions to equip water intakes with fish protection structures. - During the design, siting, construction, commissioning and operation of projects in fishery water bodies and related areas, financial provision must be made in the design documentation and in the bill of expenditures for reparation of damages caused to aquatic biological resources and to implement measures for their protection so as to ensure reproduction, growth and migration conditions for fish and other aquatic organisms.

Law On fees for environmental pollution No.1540 of 25 February 1998 Labor Code No. 154-XV of 20 March, 2003 Law On protection of Archeological Heritage No. 218 of 17 September 2010

Water resources protection and management Water Code No. 1532-XII of 22 June 1993. Water Law No. 272 of 23 December 2011 (enters into force within 18 months after the

date of approval). Law On irrigation associations No. 171 of 9 July, 2010 Law On water protection zones and strips along rivers and lakes, No. 440-XIII of April

27, 1995Land management

2 The more detailed summary of relevant laws are described in Environmental and Social Impact Assessment of Central Irrigation System Projects in the Nistru River Basin in Moldova Proposed for MCC Funding – Final Report June 2010.



Land Code No. 828-XII of 25 December 1991 as amended Law On plant protection and phyto-sanitary control No. 228 of September 23, 2012

Air protection Law On air protection No. 1422 of December 17,1997

Applicable secondary legislation and technical normsDuring the construction and operational phase the following main environmentally related Regulations and norms are to be applied:

Regulation for water bodies’ management and rational use of water resources in the Republic of Moldova, approved by Government Decision No. 619 of 16.08. 1994

Regulation on organization of occupational safety activities and prevention of risks at work places, approved by Government Decision No. 95 of 05.02.2009

Government Decision No. 353 of 05.05.2010 On minimal requirements regarding the occupational health and safety at working place.

GOST 17.5.3.06-85 Nature protection. Lands. Standard removal requirements for the topsoil layer (fertile layer) during earthworks.

ВСН 33-2.1.05-90 Hydro-melioration systems and installations. Hydro-geological and geological research.

ENiR, pc E 2 - 1 – 45 Mechanical and Manual Earthworks. The Ordinance of the Minister of Environment No. 206 of 07.10.2003 regarding the

Instruction of calculation of damages to fish resources. Hygienic Regulation on protection of water bodies against pollution No 06.6.3.23 of

03.07. 1997 approved by Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Moldova.

3.2. Environmental and social policies of Millennium Challenge Corporation3 4

The purpose of MCC’s Environmental Guidelines is “to establish a process for the review of environmental and social impacts (such as involuntary resettlement and impacts on cultural property, for example) to ensure that the projects undertaken in a Compact are environmentally sound, are designed to operate in compliance with applicable regulatory requirements, and, as required by the legislation establishing MCC, are not likely to cause a significant environmental, health, or safety hazard”.The guidelines make provision for screening projects and categorizing them. Category A projects, such as this project are those which have the potential to have significant negative environmental and social impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. They also present MCC’s expectations as to environmental monitoring, public consultation during the EIA process, and environmental reporting.If projects involve involuntary physical or economic displacement of persons, MCC applies The World Bank’s O.P. 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement. This policy and its procedures for involuntary resettlement apply in situations where land acquisition is required, or access to protected areas is

3 www.mcc.gov/mcc/bm.doc/20-enviroandsocialassessment.pdf4 MCA Moldova Social & Gender Integration Plan (http://mca.gov.md/upload/documents/0607121339057901SGIP%202012.pdf)


http://mca.gov.md/upload/documents/0607121339057901SGIP%202012.pdf

http://mca.gov.md/upload/documents/0607121339057901SGIP%202012.pdf


restricted or populations need to be resettled involuntarily. The policy aims to avoid involuntary resettlement to the maximum extent possible, and to minimize and mitigate its adverse social and economic effects. It promotes participation of displaced persons in the planning and implementation of their resettlement; and has the primary economic goal of helping displaced persons to improve or at least re-establish their revenues and quality of life after their resettlement. The policy recommends compensation and other means of assistance and indemnification in order to achieve its objectives. Moreover, it provides for the borrower to prepare the necessary tools for planning resettlement prior to approval of the proposed project.Since gender inequality can significantly constrain economic growth and poverty reduction, MCC drew up its gender policy so as to ensure that gender is integrated into Compact development and implementation. As such, it is necessary to analyze gender issues in ESIAs using internationally recognized gender analysis frameworks such as the Harvard Analytical Framework or the Moser Gender Planning Framework, and ensure that any social monitoring described in monitoring and evaluation plans include provisions to track impacts on gender specific impacts for both men and women of various age and socioeconomic background.



4. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ON SITE

4.1. ClimateAccording to the agro-climatic zoning of Moldova5, Roscani irrigation area belongs to agro-climate zone 2 with a moderately continental climate, short and relatively warm winters, and long and dry summers.According to agro-climatic zoning of the territory of the Republic of Moldova, based on the warmth and light conditions, the Roscani irrigation area belongs to agro-climate zone 2 characterized by moderately continental climate, short and mild winters, and long, hot and dry summers.The average annual temperature is +9.0oC. The average monthly temperature of the hottest month (July) is + 21.0o, and of the coldest month (January) is – 4.0oC. The maximum absolute temperature is + 40oC, and the minimal is – 32oC. The atmospheric frostless period lasts on average 179 days from April 18 to October 15. The sum of active temperatures in this period is 3050- 3200oC.During winter, the soil repeatedly freezes and unfreezes. The maximal depth of soil frost reaches 65-75 cm. The snow cover preserves within 45-55 days during colder winters with average depth of 10- 15 cm on closed lands.The annual atmosphere precipitation amounts to 475 mm. During the warm period of the year (April-November), the sum of atmospheric precipitation amounts to 365 mm. In summer time, atmospheric precipitation, often heavy showers or downpours are short but more intense, and can trigger soil erosion processes.The wind regimes distinguish through the prevalence of North-West and North winds throughout the year. During the winter, the frequency of South-East and South winds grows.

4.2. Seismology and Geology6

According to map of seismic zoning of the Republic of Moldova, the CIS Roscani area is located in seismic zone with 0.16g acceleration and 7- degree seismic stability.Pre-quaternary Sarmatian formations of the Miocene series comprise upper Bessarabian substage clays, sands, and limestones, and Khersonian substage sands, limestones and minor clays.Quaternary deposits in higher areas of the CIS consist of alluvial deposits of floodplain terraces III-V and VIII, and of deluvial deposits adjacent to slopes. Alluvial terraces are covered by subaerial loessial formations of different ages.No hazardous geomorphologic processes have been recorded within the CIS Roscani area.

4.3. HydrologyAccording to data summarized in the ESIA Study7, in 1961-2007, average water flow of the Nistru River was 9,915 million m3/year with a maximum of 19,250 million m3/year and a

5 Агроклиматический справочник по Молдавской ССР 19696 Атлас Молдавской ССР. Москва 19787 ESIA Final Report MWH, 2010



minimum of 4,863 million m3/year. Historically, there were sufficient water resources in the Nistru to supply large irrigation areas.The Roscani CIS is located in the lower river segment downstream the Dubasari Hydropower Dam, and its water level regime totally depends on the regime of this dam.In the area where pumping stations S-20 is located, there is a flood protection dike separating the river from the irrigation area. The bank is high, concave, and loamy, while the river bed at the place intake pipes is sandy-gravel. The suction pipes are located at a depth of 1-2 m (S-20).

4.4. Soil Quality and ErosionAccording to on site pedological tests carried out in summer 2012, soil cover in the area is mainly formed of ordinary low humic chernozems and carbonate chernozems with medium and medium-fine grain-size composition. Thick and moderately thick soils formed on the interfluves and linear valley sides. On slopes more then 3% erosion could be observed. Alluvial soils are more common and represent formations at advanced steppization evolution phase, and alluvial soils’ hallmark is heterogeneous distribution of alluvial gravel in the soil profile.As regards soil types, quality and possible impact of irrigation on soil, results of the Soil Study (Appendix E) carried out in 2012 led to the following conclusions 1. There are two dominating type of soils within Roscani command area: carbonate chernozem and ordinary low humus chernozem. Bio-climatic conditions in the Roscani area ensures high potential for cultivation of a wide range of agricultural crops including high value crops, and duration of vegetation period allows obtaining two harvests a year.2. Geological, hydrogeological and geomorphologic conditions for Roscani area favor the development of irrigation. All the parental sediments in the specified area lie on gravel layers. As a result, the soils are well drained, so the risk of irrigational water stagnation, pseudogleyization and groundwater water level raise is practically negligible. Predomination of relatively smooth places, make possible the mechanization of agricultural production process using various irrigation methods. 3. Preference should be given to strict irrigation regimes. The soils have a moderately stable structure, involving the risk of soaking and decomposition of structural aggregates with pore slitting and a defectuous aerohydric regime that will favor anaerobic processes, particularly, the pseudo-gleyic process. Prior to inclusion the site into irrigation program, measures to improve physical property of the soil have to be compulsorily undertaken. 4. From this point of view, soils in the command area are divided into two soil amelioration groups. The soils from the first group require practicing of conservative agricultural system, while those from the second group require - as a compulsory phase - soil preparation prior to irrigation. To avoid the risks, water content in the soil should be kept at the level of 0.70-0.75 FWC. At the same time, soil surface has to be covered by organic mulch (10-15 t/ha). The latter will significantly reduce physical evaporation, allowing minimizing of irrigation, and will also ensure stable hydrothermal regime which will exclude exaggerated drying-freezing of the soil, and protect the soil structure against destructive impacts of water.5. The structure of soil cover in the area does not include salinized soils (solonets, or solonchak soils), vertisols, or vertic soils that would create problems during the irrigation, such as water stagnation, salt diffusion, etc.



6. The soils and parental deposits do not have traits that would point to potential processes of salinization-solonetsization-bogging as a result of irrigation.7. Twenty years long irrigation did not affect negatively soil quality within the Roscani irrigation massif. 8. Hydro-physical parameters of soil allow practicing the hydraulic module of 0.8 l / sec / ha / one irrigation cycle of 10 hours.

4.5. Surface Water Resources According to the State Hydrometeorological Service monthly reports, Nistru River is moderately polluted mainly by nutrients, copper compounds, phenols, oil products. In 2011, the maximum registered concentrations exceeded the MACs (Maximum Allowable Concentration) as follows: 6 times for copper, 2,4 times for nitrites (downstream of Roscani, Olanesti monitoring station), 2 times for oil products (upstream of Roscani CIS, Soroca monitoring station), 3 times for phenols (up-stream of Roscani CIS, Soroca monitoring station) 8.Data on water quality provided by the ESIA study have shown that it fits the criteria for irrigation water and there is no risk of soil salinization under the condition that the recommended norms for irrigation as provided by the Soil Study (~300 m3/ha) is applied. Detailed study on suitability of the Nistru water for irrigation purpose is attached to this ESMP as Annex F.

4.6. Underground Water ResourcesThe Roscani irrigation massif is located on gentle slope between Telita and Roscani villages. The irrigation area is characterized by good drainage condition. The depth of groundwater in the entire area of concern is more than 10 meters. The only exception is a small area in the irrigation massif located in its southern part next to Roscani village where the depth of groundwater is about 5 meters. The results of previous hydro-geological researches showed that alluvial deposits of the Nistru River are washed and quite poorly saturated with water. Groundwater is atributed to terrigenouse middle and upper Sarmatian (N1S2-3) aquifer. Aquifer rocks are fine-grained pelite sands with clay intercalations.The thickness of deposit reaches 25 m. The base of aquifer complex is upper Pliocene and Holocene deposits of different genesis. The rocks of the complex lays horizontally or slightly inclined. The underground waters in the area of concern have a local pressure of order of 8-14 m (sample 25, Teliţa village).In general, groundwater is fresh, with mineralization of up to 1 gram per litter. The mineralization increases down the slope and reaches 2.0 - 2.3 grams per litter (well 3244, Roşcani village). Groundwater chemistry (chemism) is characterised as sulphate-hydro-carbonate, carbonate-sulphate, and sometimes, sulphate-chloride. In the cation content, sodium and magnesium ions dominate. The value of total hardness varies from 7.75 meq/L (Teliţa village) to 21.5 meq/L (Roscani village).Underground water sources, its quality and depth of occurrence were the subjects of additional desk study the results of which are presented in Annex H.

8 http://meteo.md/mold/anulprecedent.htm


http://meteo.md/mold/anulprecedent.htm


4.7. BiodiversityVegetation and fauna within CIS and its surroundings In the CIS area, there are mainly small agricultural plots (0.2 to 5-10 ha), however there are also a few relatively large fields. Main cultivated crops are winter wheat, barley, maize, and sunflower. Perennial crops include various fruits and alfalfa.Some wheat fields are severely infested by Papaver rhoeas but generally, weeds are common on cultivated fields. Among weeds, the most common are Papaver rhoeas, Thlaspi arvense, Papaver dubium, Convolvulus arvensi, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Lamium amplexicaule, Portulaca oleracea, Anagallis arvensis, Conyza canadensis, Xanthium californicum, Bromus arvensis, Sinapis arvensis, Raphanus raphanistrum, Hibiscus trionum, Lepidium ruderale, Sisymbrium loeselii, Descurainia sophia, Consolida regalis, Erodium cicutarium, Torilis arvensis, Rapistrum perenne etc. There were also found typical for watershed habitats segetal and segetal-ruderal plant species growing mainly on moderately humid soils. No weeds typical for rich and humid soils were detected.Ground and shrub nesting birds dominate in the CIS. In the area, there were also found such mammals as Lepus europaeus, Vulpes vulpes, Talpa europaea, Spalax microphthalmus, Erinaceus europaeus, mice and voles. In areas covered by grass vegetation lizards are met.In the area of concern, there are no true forest buffer strips. Only single rows of walnut trees are planted alongside roads. The following species of monitored pests were found in the site: Calliptamus italicus, Gryllus desertus, Eurygaster integriceps, Adelphocoris lineolatus, Phytonomus variabilis, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, and Hyphantria cunea.Aquatic faunaIn adjacent to the CIS river segment, the following fries were registered: bream, roach, Prussian carp, bleak, barbel, chub, common nase, asp, perch, sander, goby, etc. The average multiannual seasonal biomass of phytoplankton is 5.1 g/m3, of zooplankton – 0,42 g/m3, of zoobenthos – 7,56 g/m2. The share of zoobenthos washed by water flow during the test did not exceed 25%, and amounted to 1.05 g/m3.The Annex G to this ESMP provides in details the numeric ratio of fish populations identified during the field research carried out in 2012 near the Roscani intake pipe.

4.8. Natural Protected Areas9

Nearby the Roscani command area, there are no natural heritage sites or any other state-protected areas. There are no ecologically valuable areas in proximity of the Roscani command area. Thus, the project will not impact ecological stability of the region.

9Biological Diversity Conservation. National Strategy and Action Plan, 2002.



5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT

5.1. Environmental impact5.1.1. Impacts Identified by the ESIA StudyReconstruction of CIS Roscani will bring positive changes by delivery of irrigation water that the farmers are in need of. The access to water for irrigation is expected to improve the general working conditions of farmers and switch the traditional way of agriculture to a modern, more efficient, and environmentally friendly one, including better soil conservation. As a consequence of these an increase in the harvest of high-value crops – which are much easier to sell - should increase rural incomes and food security. The impact of the above factors should be a reduction in poverty and a decrease in poverty-caused out-migration in the area.The likely adverse environmental impacts could occur during the construction phase and less during the operation phases of the CIS Roscani. These may include:

pollution of water resources (surface and groundwater) and soil due to spillage of oil/fuel/lubricants and waste disposal on temporary construction site (machinery sites, storage facilities, sanitary facilities, camps, etc.);

pollution of surface water and destruction of water-dependant habitats due to replacement of intake pipes and building of new fish protection structures

temporary air pollution (primarily due to dust) related to increased truck traffic during the construction;

degradation of landscape and soil erosion because of improper disposal of excavated materials and construction waste;

noise and vibration disturbances during trench excavation; and, damage to fish populations, especially to larval fish and fries during water withdrawal.

The positive environmental and social impacts of using a rehabilitated CIS will be the following: Better soil management due to use of modern soil protection agriculture practices; Efficient energy use due to installation of more energy efficient pumps; Increased general management skills and soil use and water management skills in

particular; Positive changes toward more environmental friendly behavior are likely to occur among

the farmers and their families. Overall positive impacts from the rehabilitation effort are long term and cumulative in their nature, ultimately contributing to increased social benefits for the affected communities.5.1.2. Impacts Specified by the Current StudyThe analysis of design documentation and the field assessment conducted within the period from September 2012 to February 2012 have confirmed the main conclusion drawn by the year 2010 ESIA study: if the existing norms in construction and norms for irrigation and agricultural techniques recommended by the soil study are respected, the project intervention at the CIS Roscani will generate insignificant, short-term, local in nature, and easy to mitigate and compensate adverse environmental and social impacts.



The Roscani Site-Specific ESMP identified the following temporary main potential adverse impacts foreseen during the construction and operational phase of the project (Tables 1 and 2):



Table 1. Roscani Site-Specific adverse impact: construction phaseComponents of the irrigation

SystemProject intervention Type of works Nature and features of

potential impact Classification of impact Needs for environmental protection measures

Wat

er In

take

s Replacement of fish protection structure (3 suction pipes for each of the pumping station S-20)

Dismantling of the old fish protection installations.Assembling of new fish protection installations.

Sediment detachment and death of benthos and plankton organisms

LocalShort-termSelf reversible YES

Pum

ping

Sta

tions

Replacement of pumps at the S-20, S-22 pumping stations

DismantlingAssembling

Oil spills inside the pumping station building

All works conducted inside the building NO

Temporary lay down (storage) of the outdated pumps within the pumping station yard

Carrying weights Spillage on the soil during the loading on the track

LocalLong termHardly reversible YES

Renovation of the building of the S-20, S-22 pumping stations

Renovation works, Removing asbestos (roof),Removing the old paint from walls and metal works

NoiseDustRubble including asbestos and lead containing paintings

LocalShort termEasy to mitigate YES

Mai

n pi

pes

Digging trenches, pipe, valves, etc. assembling

Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation

NoiseSoil compactionMixing deeper soil level with the top (productive) soilInterrupted land use Lost of harvestLimitation of common agro-activities

LocalShort-term Easy to mitigate

YES

Pressure test Pressure testing in conformity with approved procedures

LeakagesRupture of pipelineSoil washed away

Local Short termHeavy reversible Easy to mitigate

YES

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 19


Components of the irrigation



Backfilling of trenches Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation

NoiseSoil compaction

LocalShort-term Easy to mitigate YES

Cutting-off up to 1 m fragments of asbestos pipes

Excavation, Pipe fitting, asbestos pipe cutting, backfilling

soil erosion, asbestos health impact

LocalLong termHardly reversibleEasy to mitigate

YES

Pipeline in vicinity of residential aria

ExcavationHeavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation

NoiseSoil compactionDisturbance of residents


YES

Seco

ndar

y an

d te

rtiar

y ne

twor

ks

Digging trenches, pipe, valves, hydrants, etc. assembling

Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation

NoiseSoil compactionMixing deeper soil level with the top (productive) one Interrupted land use Lost of harvestLimitation of common agro-activities


YES

Pressure test Pressure testing in conformity with approved procedures

Leakage of water Rupture of pipelineSoil washed away

Local Short termHardly reversible Easy to mitigate

YES



Components of the irrigation



Backfilling of trenches Heavy mechanical equipment movement on site: tracks, crane, bulldozers, etc. Excavation

NoiseSoil compaction

LocalShort-term Easy to mitigate YES

Intersection with underground infrastructures: electrical cables, communication lines.

Excavation, pipe fitting, asbestos pipe cutting, backfilling

Soil erosion, asbestos health impact

LocalLong termHardly reversibleEasy to mitigate

YES

Table 2. Roscani Site-Specific main adverse impact: operational phase

The nature of work The nature and type of potential impact Characterization of impact Necessity for environmental

protection measure

DIRECT IMPACTFunctioning of the Pumps Water withdrawal

Suction into the pipes of the spawn and fry

Local / Long-term /Heavily reversible YES

Intensive and aggressive irrigation Lost of soil structureWater erosion

Local / Long-term / IrreversibleYES

Over moister the soil (over irrigated spots of land) Water stagnation, soil erosion Local / Short term / Reversible YESHeavy machinery use on arable land Compaction of arable layer Local / Short term / Reversible YESWater leakages, pipeline breaks Water loses

Soil washed awayLost harvest

Local / Short term / IrreversibleYES

Improper maintenance of equipment Soil pollutionEnergy lost

LocalShort termIrreversible

YES

Pipes repair Soil compactionSoil pollution

Local / Short term /ReversibleYES



The nature of work The nature and type of potential impact Characterization of impact Necessity for environmental

protection measure

INDIRECT IMPACTSIntensive use of pesticides (modern generation of pesticides: selective, non-persistent) and over use of fertilizers

Soil pollutionWater pollution

Local / Mid-term / ReversibleYES

Potential use of prohibited (obsolete) pesticides (POPs)

Soil pollutionCrops pollutionWater pollution

Regional (Global) / Long-term / Irreversible YES



The likely negative environmental impacts at the construction phase are predictable, expected to be localized and short-term. The negative impacts at the operational phase are predictable, local, but some of them are long-term by nature. The last statement is particularly relevant to impacts on soil and river ecosystems. As was shown in Roscani Soil Study (refer to Annex E, Chapter 8.2), three main risks common for all soil types of the irrigation massif are: 1) over moistening of soil structural aggregates, formation of fine particulates and their downfall within the profile migration; 2) formation of the irrigation crust; 3) warping pores.As regards the impact on river ecosystems (withdrawal of water containing biological materials) it simply could not be avoided and will be a pressure over the river during the lifetime of the irrigation system. However, this impact could be compensated as it is described in Ichthyologic and Hydro-biological Study annexed to this ESMP (refer to Annex G) and and minimized by installation of fish protection devises (gravel filters or bell type fish and fries stopper) as well as by reducing the amount of used water through optimized irrigation schedules.As a result of timely and proper implementation of this Environmental and Social Management Plan with appropriate mitigation measures, which are described in the next chapter and summarized in the Mitigation Measures table provided in Annex A, all these potential negative impacts can be prevented and/or minimized.

5.2. Social impactShort-term adverse social impacts may occur during construction phase of the project as a result of dislocation and demolishment of private holdings appearing within the easements (temporary and permanent structures, trees, etc.), some disturbance of public transport could occur for short-time which will also change for short-term the habits of local Roscani and Telita inhabitants.At the same, time during the construction phase, there is a number of social aspects which have been raised during the Public Consultation meeting (refer to Annex I) and which should be considered by CC as well as by WUA (to be noted that the latter is expected to play the leading role in monitoring the social impacts and taking corrective measures).These possible social impacts associated with construction phase are:

The disturbance of existing for many years community habits and rules by newly arrived persons (team of workers which will stay in town or could spend their leisure / after working shifts time in above mentioned localities).

The use of child labor; The health hazards on local people.

With regard to operational phase the transition to irrigated agriculture provides many opportunities for all the members of WUA, who are direct beneficiaries of renovated CIS. At the same time, there should be considered some possible evolutions that new CIS could trigger:

Equity in access to water, especially during the “peak demand” – relation “big farms vs. small farms”, gender aspect of the access to water,

The interest of investors in developing intensive agriculture (intensive agriculture usually means large land areas which will raise the issue of consolidation of small terrains) vs. small farms and individual farmers and their interests and possibilities,



In case of consolidation of land the way of distribution of benefits among farmers (either crops or incomes after the crops were sold on market) could become an issue of disputes since the fertility of soil is not evenly spread over the command area (equity in distribution),

Coping with possible low prices for crops on markets vs. high harvests, assuming that irrigation will secure increase of yield, could bring a lot of concerns to farmers in terms of storage of yield and preserving it (not enough storage facilities exists and processing facilities).

It is expected that newly constructed CIS will generate demand for additional labor force and as a consequences the phenomenon of child labor use is likely to occur.

Intensive irrigation will most likely generate the use of pesticide and fertilizers which must be seen as a threat for human health and treated with care.

The list of social impact is not exhaustive, some more social impact could occur during construction or operational phase of the project. In this respect, the role of WUA in timely identification and prevention is crucial.



6. MITIGATION MEASURES The mitigation measures proposed for the CIS Roscani construction phase shall be executed by a CC. During the operational phase, the Roscani WUA “Agroacvila” will monitor that the measures proposed in this ESMP (and subsequent updates thereof) are implemented.

6.1. Construction PhaseThe requirements outlined in this chapter aim to assist the CC in developing its own Constructor’s Environmental and Social Management Plan (CESMP). The CC will appoint one Environmental & Social and Health & Safety Manager (ESHSM), whose duties throughout the construction period will be primarily connected to environmental and social management and health and safety on sites. This representative will coordinate with the MCA-Moldova, Engineer, SEI and other concerned central and local institutions the implementation, supervision, reporting, and follow-up action with regard to the ESMP.6.1.1. Mitigation of Environmental impacts6.1.1.1 Soil Protection The objective of the ESMP with regard to soil protection is to preserve the soil quality by:

minimizing soil erosion by reducing the influence of the water erosion (water runoff) and wind erosion,

minimizing the compaction of the soil within the irrigation fields; exclusion to the maximum extent possible of the oil and fuel spills on the ground; avoiding to the maximum extent possible creation of new borrow pits for soil, sand and

gravel supply.Recommended measure to reach the proposed objectives are:

During the trench excavation the existing roads (some of them covered with gravel) should be used to a maximum extent possible by tracks, bulldozers and other heavy machinery. This will reduce the presence of heavy machinery on the fertile soil and accordingly the compaction of it. The CC in its CESMP will make exact drawings supported by written instruction on exact point of entry on site for the heavy machinery with the only purpose to safeguard as much as possible not paved local roads and soil from compaction.

During the excavation of 2-m-depth trenches the excavated soil should be segregated. The guideline for this operation will be the norm GOST 17.5.3.06-85 on preserving the fertile top soil during excavations. There will be 50-60 cm of fertile top soil and 130 cm of mother rock to deal with during excavation. Both types of soils will be stored in piles on the edges of the trench. The general rule of piling will be segregation by fertility: the fertile soil layer (excavated up to maximum of 50-60 cm depth (one excavator’s bucket of 650 cm3 capacity) will be piled on the right edge of the trench. The deeper soil (the non-arable layer) on the left edge accordingly. The piles of fertile top soil piles will be marked as “top soil” on site plan (sketch). This should be done in order not to mix the type of soil during the back filling operations. Handling of too wet or too dry soil should be avoided. Handling wet soils can result in the creation of a hard, dense layer with low permeability.



Handling extremely dry soils can result in degradation of soil structure and loss of organic matter.

The backfilling of the trenches will be done in opposite order the mother rock is filled in back into the trench first and then the fertile soil piles will level the trench. It is foreseen that the filled in soil will be compacted with special equipment, but only to reach the initial state of the soil.

The oil and fuel spill control should be secured by daily checks of the state of the heavy machinery. It will be done before and after each work shift.

Exclude the use of arable land for earth borrowing. Avoid to the maximum extent possible establishing of new quarries, use the already in

operation borrows pits for soil, sand or gravel supply. In case establishing a new borrow pit could not be avoided the requirements mentioned in Technical Specification should apply.

6.1.1.2 Surface water protectionThe objective of the ESMP with regard to surface water resources is to minimize direct and indirect surface water pollution and disturbance of communities of aquatic organisms by:

reducing /controlling to the maximum extent the primary source of pollution (lubricants and fuel spillage from heavy machinery)

minimize the disturbance of the bottom sediments during the construction of the fish protection structures as well as

during the suction pipes replacement (excavations into the flood protection dike at S-20 in order to replace the suction pipes).

The direct impact on the surface water resources (Nistru River) is foreseen during excavation of the dikes around the pumping stations S-20, construction of fish protection structure as well as replacement of suction pipes. During these interventions, the following disturbances to environment are possible:

surface water pollution with lubricants and fuel spills (since the operations will be conducted from a pontoon the possible spillage will directly reach the water)

decrease of number of aquatic organisms and loss of their habitats due to sediment detachment from the bottom of the river (this operation could kill a number of fries, fish spawn, zoo-plankton and benthos organisms down stream the operational point because of increased amount of suspended particles in the water (suspended particles obstruct the birthing organs of hydro-organisms);

crumbling of river banks (the same effect as above)These disturbances will be mitigated by:

regular check of the machinery to exclude the spillage of lubricants and fuel / oil into water, and

using geo-grid during dike excavation works (replacement of suction pipes)

NB! Sand and gravel extraction from the Nistru Rivers is prohibited! CC should secure that any sand / gravel are borrowed from authorized quarries. In case of purchase of sand and gravel



procurement documentation mandatory will enclose Certificate of Provenience, proving that the mentioned materials have been extracted from a certified / authorized borrow pit or quarry.6.1.1.3 Underground water protection The objective of the ESMP with regard to underground water protection is avoiding any pollution of underground waters.In this respect only spillage of fuel and lubricants is seen as a threat for quality of underground water. No other direct impact on underground water is foreseen during the construction phase of the Project.The existing norm “ВСН 33-2.1.05-90 Hydro-melioration systems and installations. Hydro-geological and geological research” requires that monitoring wells are installed with a density of 1 well per 2 km2, evenly distributed over the command area. Five monitoring wells will be established by Constructor during the construction phase along the closest to Nistru River command area’s border line and water level and quality sampled are measured before the construction starts (as a baseline) and right before site delivery to the Client in order to measure changes, if any during the construction phase, as well as to register the existing quality of underground water before the CIS management is transferred to the Roscani WUA “Agroacvila”. These wells will be further used by WUA to monitor the groundwater level and quality.The mitigation measure is:

Permanent spill control during both construction and operational phase with immediate measure to stop them.

6.1.1.4 Air Pollution The objective of the ESMP with regard the air quality is to minimize air borne particulate matter released into the atmosphere.Recommended mitigation measures include:

Fitting all heavy equipment and machinery in full compliance with the national regulations;

Wetting piled soil and sand before loading, particularly in dry, windy conditions; Employing fuel-efficient and well-maintained haulage trucks with proper exhaust baffles

to minimize exhaust emissions; Turning off the engines for all vehicles while parked on the site; Using efficient equipment, machinery and vehicles with regular checks to affect

necessary corrections or repairs and ensure compliance with safety and air pollution requirements;

Covering soil, sand, and other construction material in storage and in transit; Using effective water sprays during the delivery and handling of all sand and aggregate

and other similar material when dust is likely to be created; and, Washing of tires and the lower body of vehicles when moving out from the construction

site, as needed or reasonable, or as requested by the ES officer.6.1.1.5 Biodiversity and habitats protection



The objective of the ESMP related to the biodiversity conservation is to minimize and/ or exclude direct and reduce indirect impact on fauna and flora , especially those species that are listed in the Red Book (a list of rare and endangered plant and animal species). Terrestrial biodiversityThe Project does not envisage special impact requiring measures to particularly protecting terrestrial biodiversity at the construction phase as a very low probability of adverse effects on flora and fauna is foreseen. In general, all other measures listed in this chapter are directed to secure a natural or artificial regeneration of flora and fauna in the area of works if affected. At the same time, it is recommended that CC, in order to reduce the indirect impact over the fauna will consider the noise factor (especially if the work is conducted during the period of mass nesting, migration), diminishing to the maximum extent the work of heavy and noisy machinery and equipment.It is also recommended to warn workers of the need to protect the most species of flora and fauna, especially when dealing with species introduced in the Red Book (turtles, reptiles, birds, bats, etc.). For this purpose, in such a place as on-site parking of vehicles (or other suitable place) a board can be arranged, and pictures of rare and endangered species of flora and fauna (which potentially can be found in this region) will be exhibited on it. It is recommended to raise the issue during the briefing before every work shift. Besides, the workers should be warned about the consequences of infringement of the rules of hunting in general, and especially the infringements of hunting prohibition regime.Fresh water biodiversity and water-dependant habitatsIt is recommended that the work on construction of fish protection structures were carried out during low river water period of the year. This will reduce the effect of water turbidity generation (disturbance of the bottom sediments) and will reduce the spread of the stain of muddy water downstream from the place of work. If possible, the work should be performed after the passage of spawning and juvenile fish in the area of water withdrawal (October, November).It is also recommended to carry out works from a pontoon (due safety measures for staff conducting the works on water will mandatory be developed by CC and strictly applied), since the shoreline conditions do not allow for removal / installation with shore cranes. It is recommended raising the issue during the briefing before every work shift. Besides, the workers should be warned about the consequences of infringement of the rules of fishing in general, and especially the infringements of fishing prohibition regime.Trees The area where cutting trees is needed are the areas next to S-20 pumping stations protection dikes.Besides, it might be necessary cutting trees in order to provide access to the site during the installation of the pipes within the command area as well as trimming trees (remove some branches) to allow the work of excavator. The exact number of trees to be removed will be identified during the implementation phase of the construction. It is anticipated that very few trees from surrounding the pumping station area will have to be removed. The trees cutting and trimming will be, in any case, coordinated with the local environmental authorities.6.1.1.6 Land use, infrastructure, properties



The objective of the ESMP with respect to land use, infrastructure is to minimize the disturbance of the infrastructure in use by inhabitants of the nearest villages – Roscani and Telita. The recommended measures to mitigate negative impact on local population are:

To agree on terms of handing over the road to the local / road authorities. Mains by pass will be designed and all environmental protection measures describing the

mitigation of impact over the soil, roads, air pollution/dust applies here. All lines where infrastructure like electrical, communication cables is buried will be

marked and excavators work will be prohibited in this areas. Digging the trench in this area will be done manually.

The site manager will be in possession of all emergency phone numbers, stop the work immediately if a break of cable happens and inform the project manager and relevant emergency response services.

6.1.1.7 Noise and vibration disturbances during trench excavationThe objectives of the ESMP in relation to noise and ground vibration management are to minimize noise level increases during construction operations as well as to minimize/avoid ground vibration due to construction operations.Recommended mitigation measures include:

Fitting all powered mechanical equipment and machinery with noise abating gear, such as mufflers for effective sound reducing, in full compliance with the applicable regulations;

As possible, operating heavy equipment during daylight hours; Terminating works at the established time (e.g., work during daylight hours), and

avoiding increase of noise during peak hours; Isolating construction equipment that generates excessive noise/vibration; Using well-maintained haulage trucks with speed controls; Taking reasonable measures, such as installing acoustic screens to minimize noise near

noise-sensitive areas (residential area); Ensuring the CC takes responsibility for rectifying damages caused by vibration

generated from or by the use of any equipment, machinery, and haulage vehicles6.1.1.8 Protective measures during the pressure testsWhen pressure tests are conducted CC must ensure a direct communication line with the personnel in switch area of the pumping station who will switch off the pumping immediately if the pipe breaks occur and open the drain valve to empty the system.6.1.1.9 Handling and Storage of Hazardous Materials and WastesThe objective of the ESMP in relation to handling and storage of hazardous materials is to minimize contamination of the immediate surroundings as well as to reduce or eliminate the potential risk of exposure to hazardous materials for workers and the public. Recommended mitigation measures include:

Storing hydrocarbons and hazardous materials on impervious ground under cover and constructing the storage area as a spill tray to avoid spread of accidental spills;



Providing safe ventilation for storage of volatile chemicals; Restricting and controlling access to areas containing hazardous substances; Asbestos wastes and lead containing wastes (old paintings) to be handled - follow

procedures as described in Annex D.6.1.1.10 Rubble and Construction Waste DisposalThe objectives of the ESMP in relation to rubble and construction waste disposal management are to minimize the generation of rubble and construction waste, to optimize the reuse of spoil and construction waste as well as to ensure safe and proper disposal of rubble and construction waste.Recommended mitigation measures include:

Estimating the amounts and types of spoil and construction waste to be generated by the project (e.g. removed hydrants, old paint, roofs, lead from electrical equipment).

Providing for zones of preliminary accumulation of wastes that will cause no damage to the vegetation cover and other components of the environment.

Identifying potential safe disposal sites close to the project sites, and in consultation with SEI investigating the environmental conditions of the disposal sites and preparing recommendations on the most suitable and safe sites.

Transferring and disposing unsuitable excavated material in designated locations agreed to by relevant organizations. The disposal site shall be far from water streams (> 1 km) and away from low-lying areas.

Systematically carrying away unsuitable excavated materials from areas prone to erosion; Reusing waste materials wherever possible; Recovering and reusing or removing used oil and lubricants from the site in full

compliance with the national and local regulations (only within designated area) Burning of oil wasted, debris, or other waste material is prohibited.

6.1.1. 11 Historic and Cultural MonumentsThe objective of the ESMP in identifying and preserving historic, cultural, and religious monuments is to protect the monuments from accidental damage by construction activities.Recommended mitigation measures include:

Ceasing work as soon as historical and cultural monuments are encountered during earthworks or other construction activities

Providing relevant information to the National Archeological Agency under the Ministry of Culture. It will determine the value of the historic/archaeological monuments and provide guidance on whether and how to proceed with the construction. This may include excavating or otherwise documenting the monuments before further proceeding, or in cases of very valuable features, developing a design to avoid disturbance to the monument.

6.1.1.12 Camping Site for the project teamCamping Site, if needed, will be organized within the pumping station yard and will be provided all welfare units needed to secure safety of equipment and conditions for good rest for the team:



dinning area, adequate sanitation, and rooms for night sleep. However, the final decision about the accommodation of workers will be made by the CC management.6.1.2. Mitigation of Social ImpactsThe objectives of the ESMP in relation to social impact management are:

To schedule the construction activities for the purpose of avoiding or minimizing impacts of construction activities on farmers and their businesses;

To ensure that relationship between the CC and the affected by project population remains positive throughout project works and there is good communication and exchange of information;

To avoid impact on public health, including prevention of spread of HIV/AIDS and STIs To insure there is no incidence of Trafficking In Persons, forced and child labor as part of

CC’s works; To ensure that the project contributes to achieving social and gender equality objectives

provided by local legislation and MCC Policy.For the purpose of achieving these objectives, the CC, as part of its CESMP, will develop a Social Management Plan (SMP). This SMP will aim at achieving sustainable socially acceptable development interventions under the THVA Project. CC’s SMP will contain four constituent plans with actions specified in the MCA Moldova Social and Gender Integration Plan (SGIP) for THVA Project (MAFP, Social and Gender Plan, TIP Risk Management Plan, and HIV/AIDS Risk Management Plan). The mitigation measures included in the SMP will be designed and implemented under the four key components described below.6.1.2.1 Mobility and Access Facilitation Plan (MAFP)The Mobility and Access Facilitation Plan is aimed at ensuring that the mitigation of negative impacts of construction related works on the project population is planned in advance and where and to extent possible CC undertakes social responsibilities for the purpose of maximizing the positive effects of the project, through friendly communication with local people, keeping the local people posted about the company plan for next days, weeks, announcing in advance about intervention which might temporary disturb the customs of local people, etc. The MAFP will include the following:

Providing measures in accordance with the construction schedule to avoid or minimize impacts of construction-related road closures and blocking of access to properties – closure local roads (unlikely, but if it would be required), access to Nistru bank via roads crossing the command area, access to private land, etc.

Minimizing impact of laying-off of utilities such as electricity, gas, water supply during construction;

Informing the project population about the schedule of construction activities and road closures, electricity/gas cut-off (if any);

6.1.2.2 Gender PlanThe social and gender objectives of CC’s Social and Gender Plan (SGP) originates in the MCA Moldova Social and Gender Integration Plan and will aim at addressing specific social and



gender issues which were identified during previous discussions in the framework of the THVA Project.Under the SGP the CC is required to:

Ensure exchange of information between CC and the local population. This includes installing by CC of information boards in village along command area.

CC is encouraged to contribute to job-creation for the local population, with target on women and youth, but also other groups. This may include small-scale supply contracts or services, while announcement of jobs required may be published on the information boards.

Be aware of and contribute to successful implementation of the RAP.6.1.2.3 Trafficking in Persons Management Plan (TIP)Trafficking in Persons is defined as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor and child labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs. The CC’s TIP Mitigation Plan must include, but not limited to:

A signed statement that the CC certifies that it is not engaged in, facilitating or allowing TIP, forced labor or child labor for the duration of the contract.

The CC will ensure that TIP will not be tolerated on the part of employees or contract workers and that engaging in TIP is cause for suspension or termination of employment or of the contract; accordingly CC should include this provision in the employment contracts.

Raising the level of awareness of employees, and sub-contractors and workers on the issue including providing information on the risk areas and the penalties for involvement in TIP. The raising of awareness will be ensured through conducting of a number of training for the CC’s staff and sub-contractors. Conducting of TIP, forced and child labor awareness can be done separately or as part of the Operational Safety and Health training.

A requirement and system to report suspicions or know incidents of TIP to MCA Moldova and responsible Government authorities; and to refer potential victims to appropriate agencies. The contact information of these authorities should be made known to all workers and other participants of the awareness campaign, inclusively through the distribution of leaflets.

6.1.2.4 HIV/AIDS and STD Management PlanCC’s HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Plan should be aimed at:

Avoiding conflicts with local communities by providing resources for worker requirements at camp stores and regulating outside visits.

Avoiding the potential spread of vector borne diseases and communicable diseases, such as STDs and HIV/AIDS, through awareness and prevention activities among construction workers.



Conducting awareness programs on HIV/AIDS and STD prevention for the population close to the construction campsites.

HIV/AIDS and STD Prevention Measures under the Plan shall include, but will not be limited to the following actions:

Conduct awareness on HIV/AIDS and STI prevention for the project population. Provide HIV and STI prevention materials for construction workers, such as booklets,

pamphlets, posters, in local language(s). Conduct awareness on HIV/AIDS and STI prevention for construction workers. Include HIV and STI prevention intervention clauses in construction contracts Discourage abuse of drugs (alcohol and narcotics). Tailor messages to the general workforce, and separately to men and women. Use professional organizations such as NGOs and Community Based Organizations

(CBOs) working on HIV prevention. Subsidize male and female condom distribution for construction workers. Provide Information on Access to Comprehensive HIV and STI Services. Educate communities and workers on how to avoid STIs, to recognize common STI

symptoms, and to seek treatment via confidential referral systems. Provide Information on Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Services in the Project

area or elsewhere in proximity to the Project area Publicize the existence of anonymous VCT service (testing, pre-test, and post-test

counseling) Educate people on how to avoid OIs, to recognize common OI symptoms, and to seek

treatment and Provide Information on Access to Treatment of Opportunistic Infections (OIs):

6.2. Operation PhaseIt must be noted that the activities and mitigation measures applied during the operational phase will not be the responsibility of the CC, the Engineer, MCA-Moldova, or MCC. The Roscani WUA as the managing entity of the rehabilitated CIS has the responsibility to consider these measures, and to bring these to the attention of other government agencies for their action as appropriate.6.2.1. Mitigation of Environmental ImpactDuring the operational phase, in Roscani command area the following environmental components will be affected the most: 1) groundwater - due to potential increase of water table and water pollution2) aquatic ecosystems - due to potential decrease of biodiversity, and 3) soil - due to potential deterioration of soil structure 6.2.1.1 Groundwater Mitigation: to develop irrigation management to avoid deep percolation; irrigation systems should be managed for zero or minimum deep percolation during the growing seasons to keep



fertilizer and pesticides in the root zone as long as possible. Irrigation schedule should be based on soil moisture content and plant appearance (since the key issue is to maintain plants growth, with minimal risk of deep percolation; thus, irrigation scheduling should be designed to reflect local soil and plant characteristics, etc).6.2.1.2. Aquatic Ecosystems (damage to fish)Mitigation: to avoid over abstraction of water during the spawning period (April – June) and during the ramp fry (September – October), to establish fish protection structures and maintain them appropriately; compensation for damage to fish.6.2.1.3. Soil degradation:Despite the fact that the normative of irrigation (300 m3/ha/10 hours irrigation cycle) is actually equal with the maximum capacity of CIS (hydraulic module 0,8 liter / second / ha /10 hours irrigation cycle) when applied per one irrigation unit of 2 ha (345 m 3/ha/10 hours irrigation cycle) meaning that irrigation is treated with precaution. This is first to protect the grain-size composition of top soil, which if damaged by big water drops could trigger the process of pore clogging and eventual installation of a defect aero-hydro regime in the irrigated soils that will favor anaerobic processes, especially the gleyic process that has a strong negative impact on soils.Mitigation: (i) to avoid the negative processes, the moisture regime has to be permanently preserved at the level of the moisture content at capillary bounds interruption (0.70- 0.75 Field Water Capacity); (ii) it is necessary to cover the soil surface with organic mulch (10-15 t/ha). The latter will lead to a significant reduction of physical evaporation, and by reducing the necessary number of irrigations it will ensure a stable hydrothermal regime that will exclude the exaggerated soil drying/freezing and protect the soil structure against the destructive action of water drops; (iii) use of non aggressive irrigation (small drop size) methods; (iv) even though the relief in Roscani command area do not favor huge run-off formation applying anti-erosion method of crop cultivation could be considered by local water for irrigation users (see Chapter 8.1 of the Soil Study in Annex E).As regards salinization, solonetsization, secondary salinization, the risk to induce these processes by using the Nistru River waters is negligible under the condition that the irrigation normative is respected.Hence, the environmental objective of water users should be: judicious use of soil and water resources. The economic incentives to achieve this goal will be applied. It is to be also mentioned that:

Over-irrigating is quite unlikely since Roscani WUA “Agroacvila” will pay for water use and the water consumption will be metered.

Compensation will be paid by Roscani WUA in accordance with the law On fish conservation, fishery and fish farming to recover losses of fish population. The payable amount is linked to amount of water used (the amount is indicated in Annex G, Chapter 4).

Fish protection structures will be installed at the suction pipes and the whole installation will be operational under supervision and O&M costs of the Roscani WUA.

At the same time:



The new pumps to be installed are energy efficient; The irrigation equipment is modern one, designed to reach the highest irrigation

efficiency standards, It is recommended that WUA will use the moisture measurement units (e.g. tensiometers)

which will help to determine exactly when and how much irrigation should be done.Plan with appropriate mitigation measures for the operational phase is summarized in the Annex A to this ESMP.6.2.2. Mitigation of Social ImpactIt must be noted that these mitigation measures will not be the responsibility of the CC, the Engineer, MCA-Moldova, or MCC. The WUAs as the managing entity of the rehabilitated CIS has the responsibility to consider these measures, and to bring these to the attention of other government agencies for their action as appropriate.The mitigation measures listed for construction phase of the project could be applied during the operational phase as well since the issues of Gender approach in operational activities, combating child labor, TIP, HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD), are the ones which can affect the community any time and unexpectedly and the community have to be informed about this threats and be prepared to prevent or counteract. Thus, the list of suggested mitigation measures that WUA should apply would be as indicated in Table 3.

Table 3 Suggested mitigation measures

Social impact identified Mitigation measure

Inequity in access to water:- big farms vs. small farms;- gender dimension of the issue

Use of mechanisms of decision making offered by WUA Charter in combating inequity in access to water Reflect gender dimension in decision making process documentation (Charter of WUA)Involving interested the third parties (representatives of relevant national / local NGOs) into decision making process, secure the maximum transparency of decision making and involve media

Opposite interest of small farms and big farms in terms of land-use, consolidation of plots issues, etc.

As above

Limited access to markets Use the possibilities of WUA as juridical entity to overcome the existing barriers in access to markets, combat unfair competition, and corruption.

Limited leadership of women in CIS management Providing women with opportunities to play leadership roles in WUA

Insufficient knowledge and skills and accordingly the low willingness of women to play leading , pro-active role in CIS management

Providing women with the opportunities to take the lead, promote and encourage them to take leading roles.Send them to general management / irrigation / modern agro-techniques trainings as much as possible



Social impact identified Mitigation measure

Increased demand for labor force Use of labor-saving technologies, mechanization of the work.

Use of child labor as a consequences of scarcity of additional labor force in the area

Implement labor-saving technologies; consider low labor force demanding crops cultivation (or crops suitable for mechanical cultivation), involve relevant social and labor authorities to solve the issue when needed

Health threat during the works, especially handling chemicals, pesticides first of all

Training on safety measures on pesticides use

Threat of HIV/Aids and STD Awareness, information campaigns

One believes that the principle to be applied in mitigation social impacts should be prevention and anticipation. In this respect WUA should establish a permanent group with the function of problems identification. Informal discussions with target audience as well as information campaign, dissemination of written materials and case studies – these activities should be conducted on regular basis. In this respect WUAs should base upon and work together with community most active persons/organizations, relevant NGOs, education institutions, church and of cause local authorities.Implementation of mitigation measures would require a lot of capacity building activities. In this respect support to WUA via trainings is foreseen within the Compact. ISRA component of THVA project will implement the training program covering environmental and social topics reflected in ESMP.



7. MONITORING PLANEnvironmental and social monitoring is necessary to track the performance of the various project components and mitigation measures. It aims to ensure that the project is functioning within the limits of the environmental and social assessment and is compliant with legislative and regulatory requirements.The monitoring plan covers the environmental, social and occupational health and safety conditions of the project. It should provide sufficient information to identify conditions which require corrective action or for which additional impact analysis and mitigation measures may be required. The monitoring plan is based on the environmental and social impacts that were predicted and the mitigation measures that were identified. Annex B provides table listing the environmental and social monitoring plan and parameters to be measured, the proposed monitoring schedule and the institutions responsible for measure the monitored parameters.The costs estimates presented in Annex C include the cost breakdowns tables for mitigation measure and monitoring implementation as well as the purchase of monitoring equipment or services.The overall cost for mitigation and monitor the environmental / social impacts for Roscani CIS is summarized in Table 4.

Table 4. Mitigation and Monitoring Costs for Roscani CIS, lei *

Project Phase CC WUA MCA Total

Mitigation activities

Construction Phase - - - -

Operational Phase - - - -

Subtotal Mitigation - - - -

Monitoring activities – Construction Phase

Monitoring well installation, lei - - - -

Ground water (sampling 6 wells) - - - -

Subtotal Monitoring-Construction - - - -

Monitoring activities – Operational Phase

Soil monitoring, lei/year - - - -

Groundwater, lei/year - - - -

Sub-total Monitoring- Operational - - - -

Subtotal Monitoring - - - -

GRAND TOTALENVIRONMENT & SOIAL - - - -

* Does not include costs for monitoring by AgeoM, State Ecological Inspectorate, State Inspectorate for Plant Protection and National Centre for Public Health as part of their normal duties. Technical agency costs are accounted for in the line ministries annual budgets.



The ESMP is a living document that is periodically modified to reflect the current understanding of site conditions, with the continued growth of the knowledge base throughout the life of the project. Monitoring programs must also be modified and updated to generate the most relevant data and information to characterize evolving environmental and social performance.Implementation of these programs at the CIS will provide the data and information needed to identify, anticipate, and further mitigate the changing environmental and social conditions in the river basin over time. The monitoring program plays an important role in achieving sustainability and transparency.Each monitoring programs shall be the responsibility of key management personnel defined in the Monitoring Plan table. They will have a power to adjust and modify operating conditions should the monitoring outcomes identify that such corrective actions are warranted.



8. INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIESWell-defined roles and responsibilities and adequate institutional arrangements are central to the effective implementation of the environmental and social safeguard measures outlined in the current ESMP. Accordingly, details of institutional arrangements and the roles and responsibilities of the various institutions in the implementation of the current ESMP and CESMP are discussed below.

8.1. Construction Phase 8.1.1. Key AgenciesThe Key Agencies with major roles in the implementation of the ESMP and CESMP during construction works are:

The Contractor The Engineer State Ecological Inspectorate and Raional Ecological Inspections State Fish Inspection National Centre for Public Health (NCPH) Raional Labour Inspection Civil Protection and Emergency Situations Service, Anenii-Noi Raion Division National Archeological Agency

In addition to the key agencies the WUA Administrative Council will also have a role in general oversight of ESMP and CESMP implementation.8.1.2. Role of Involved AgenciesThe main responsibility for monitoring and reporting on the implementation of the ESMP and CESMP lies with the Engineer; therefore, the Engineer through its Environmental and Social Specialist (ESS) will be responsible for regular supervision and reporting on ESMP and CESMP implementation by the CC. The Engineer’s ESS will have access to a team of experts in different fields (water, soil, social consultant etc) in order to ensure sufficient capacity to oversee implementation of CESMP.The implementation of the CESMP will be managed by the CC Environmental & Social and Health & Safety Manager (ESHSM) that will be primarily responsible for daily inspection and monitoring of CESMP implementation.The State Ecological Inspectorate and Raional Ecological Inspections, State Fish Inspection, National Centre for Public Health (NCPH), Civil Protection and Emergency Situations Service, National Archeological Agency and Raional Labour Inspection will monitor ESMP and CESMP implementation on basis of their internal plans as established in the regulations. These institutions may conduct announced and unannounced site visits with representatives of MCA-Moldova.8.1.3. Reporting and Follow-UpThe ESM and HSS will prepare monthly and incident reports (Annex J) that will be submitted to the Engineer, who will submit the reports to MCA-Moldova with their comments, observations,



and recommendations. MCA-Moldova will send feed back to the Engineer through the consultant(s) or directly when urgent action is required. Monitoring and reporting on the implementation of follow-up action will also be part of the duties of the ESM and HSS.

The Engineer will prepare and submit monthly project environmental and social management reports to MCA-Moldova, who will convene project environmental management meetings when necessary to discuss and instruct on the environmental and social management aspects of the Project. The Engineer, and the Contractor will participate in the meetings. Wherever possible, representatives of WUA will also be invited to the meetings.

8.2. Operational PhaseIt must be repeatedly noted that the mitigation and monitoring activities will not be the responsibility of the CC, the Engineer, MCA-Moldova, or MCC during the operational phase. The WUA as the economic managing entity of the rehabilitated CIS will has the responsibility to consider these measures, and to bring these to the attention of other government agencies for their action as appropriate.8.2.1. Key AgenciesDuring the operational phase the key institutions to which the WUA will enter into juridical relation whit are:

AM (Monitoring and Supervising Unit) State Ecological Inspection State Fish Inspection National Centre for Public Health State Phito-Sanitary Inspection Labor Inspection National Bureau of Statistics Civil Protection and Emergency Situations Service, Anenii-Noi Raion Division

Likewise the construction phase the WUA Administrative Council during the operational phase will has a role in general oversight of ESMP implementation and in ESMP up-dating.8.2.2. Role of Involved AgenciesThe responsibilities of the institutions having a role in the process of CIS operation are:

The Monitoring and Supervision Unit of AM as the owner of the CIS will conduct visits / inspections to verify how the system is operated and maintained in accordance with the list of pre-established performance indicators.

The State Ecological Inspection will conduct regular inspections to check the compliance with the existing norms in terms of soil protection and waste management.

The State Fish Inspection will check whether the fish protection structure installed on suction pipes are in good condition as well as whether the compensation of damage to fish in accordance with the calculation done during the Hydro-biological Study (Annex G) are timely covered by WUA.



National Centre for Public Heath will monitor the bacteriological parameters of the surface water used for irrigation and will issue to WUAs recommendations for actions in case of parameters monitored excides the critical values.

The State Phyto-Sanitary Inspection is in charge for controlling overuse of pesticide and fertilizers. All used pesticides and fertilizers should be homologated in the Republic of Moldova. The technical state of warehouses where pesticide and fertilizer are stored as well as the mode of storage will also be the subject of inspection.

The Civil Protection and Emergency Situations Service will conduct regular check of the fire-fighting equipment inside pesticide warehouses and pumping stations.

National Bureau of Statistic should receive regular report from WUAs on amount of water used as well as the amount of waste produced and managed.

WUA reporting activity will consist in providing the reports to public enforcement institutions in line with existing legal requirements.



9. CAPACITY BUILDING It should be stated that there will be two kind of trainings to be provided during the implementation of the project: a) training conducted by CC environmental and social staff for workers and local villagers during the conduction of the works (construction phase) and b) training for WUA members in order to build their capacity to manage the irrigation system after the THVA Project is completed.Training for CC staff derives from their contractual obligations and covers only the training foreseen for the construction phase of the project aiming at implementation by CC of both environmental and social impacts mitigation measures. Some of training activities the CC will be responsible for during the works will have villagers of adjacent localities as target group (including also the WUA members). These activities derive from Construction Contractor CESPM, SMP, MAFP, TIP and HIV/AIDS Plans). The activities consist from seminars, meetings, information and raising awareness campaigns to be organized and conducted by CC environmental and social specialist. Costs for these activities are included into CC contract.Training for WUA Memebers is conceived to build the capacity of the WUA to manage the Association during the operational phase of the project, i.e. when the THVA Project is completed. In other words this training is oriented to secure the sustainability of the project results. Development and conduction of Training Program for WUA is assigned to ISRA component of THVA Project and a budget to develop and implement it is allocated.

9.1. Training needs: Construction PhaseImplementation of Mitigation and Monitoring Plans of current ESMP implies development of program for capacity building for both construction and operational phases of the project. For the construction phase the trainings as part of the CC duties will be conducted for workers and will need efforts and resources included in the construction costs. Besides, the CC will be responsible to conduct a number of trainings and awareness raising campaigns / seminars / meetings with the WUA addressing the topic of adverse social impacts prevention and mitigation. Gained knowledge and skills WUA will /would use during the operational phase of the project for the same purpose – prevent or/and mitigate adverse social impacts.It is also a matter of WUA interest to work closely with the Engineer in supervision of CC activities and learn as much as possible from Engineer about the specific of this kind of work - supervision. This will help a lot in the future when WUA will have to hire services to maintain the irrigation system, conduct all kind of monitoring.

9.2. Training needs: Operational PhaseOperational phase will require knowledge and skills of the WUA members. List of some topics that WUA will have to manage is presented below:1. Protect the soil from degradation,2. Protect the underground waters (if strictly confine to the territories where their farmers’ activity will be conducted) from chemical pollution (pesticides and fertilizers) and control the level of underground water.3. Protect the crops from pests.



4. Protect the surface waters from pollution (despite minimal direct impact the farmer activity will have upon the Nistru River). The WUA member should all the way remember that continuous supply of water to their fields depend on pollution level of the river, which in case of non-compliance could be interrupted by health authority). In this respect actions to heal the riparian catchments area will become their day by day concern and duty. They will have to monitor in order to change to better the environmental conditions of the areas which are not confined to their argi-field only.5. Optimize the water use to not over-irrigate, to not harm excessively the river ecosystems6. Development of performance indicators (environmental, financial, social, etc.) and cross-indicators favoring reflecting environmental concerns in economic and financial planning and vice versa. 7. WUA will have to up-date this ESMP and further implement the provisions of their own ESMP which means that problem identification, project development and planning skills, etc. related to development of an ESMP document will have to be passed on to the relevant members of WUA.8. Relations with enforcement institutions and other juridical entities (dealing with issuing permits, authorizations for functioning, reporting, etc.).

9.3. Training Program implementationThe list is not exhaustive but even 8 items mentioned above will require a lot of training. It should be mentioned that the capacity building program will be developed (based among other on current ESMP) and implemented (seminars, trainings workshops, etc. conducted) during the life-time of Compact. Costs for this component of Compact will cover all of (if not more) the topics listed above and that the cost for capacity building component were foreseen from the very beginning of Compact commencement in Moldova. The ISRA component of the THVA Project is in charge with development and conduction of the training for WUA.Nowadays the Training Program for WUA is under development by ISRA and accordingly the needed budget could not be clearly indicated yet. The assumed amount to be spent for training activities by CC is reflected in Annex C Mitigation and Monitoring Costs, table 1.As a concluding remark to present chapter it’s worthwhile to remind that: a) the WUA should always keep in mind the fact that they will get support until 2015 only and then they will perform all alone and b) the developer of the capacity building program (Training Programe) should design it in such a way to make sure that the tuition took place (a list of verification indicators have to be established as a part of Training Programe).



10. CONTRACTOR’S COMPLIANCE WITH ESMPThe current ESMP is designed to cover the overall policy of environmental and social safeguards for the project, plus all the detailed procedures and mitigations that are consistent with the design. However, construction may uncover additional environmental and social issues that are not wholly foreseen at the time of the preparation of the ESMP.It is important to highlight that the mitigation measures proposed in the current ESMP are generic and the Contractor is encouraged to propose alternative measures in its CESMP in order to address the impact.

10.1 Contractor’s ESMP (CESMP)The Contractor shall develop its CESMP focusing on three key components:

Site specific Environmental Management Plan (SEMP); Social Management Plan, and Occupational Safety and Health.

The CESMP must be site-specific and should include details of control measures that will be utilized on site to minimize any potential environmental and social impacts from the proposed works/activities. It is important to note that if the proposed works/activities contained within the CESMP are altered during the Contract, the Contractor will be required to update the CESMP to reflect any changes or modifications made.Contractor shall use Technical Specification as a guide to develop its CESMP.10.1.1. Site specific Environmental Management Plan (SEMP)The Contractor shall take all necessary measures and precautions and otherwise ensure that the execution of the Works and all associated operations on the Sites or off-site are carried out in conformity with statutory and regulatory environmental requirements of the Government of Moldova and the Standard Specifications, where the more stringent shall apply. The Contractor shall take all measures and precautions to avoid any nuisance or disturbance arising from the execution of project activities. This shall, wherever possible, be achieved by suppression of the nuisance at source rather than abatement of the nuisance once generated. For each area (both on and off the Site) of direct or indirect environmental impact resulting from Contractor’s operations, a Site Environmental Management Plan (SEMP) shall be developed to be approved by the Engineer.The SEMP details how the environmental management requirements, as outlined in the current ESMP, will be implemented and managed on site. The SEMP shall describe in details how the Contractor intends to mitigate construction impacts and document the response to inspecting, monitoring, verifying, internal auditing and correcting or improving environmental performance.Detail information on SEMP shall be found in the Specifications. The Engineer may require periodic reviews, including updating of the SEMP during the Works.10.1.2. Social Management Plan (SMP)As described in chapter 6, the Contractor shall develop a Social Management Plan (SMP) as part of the CESMP. The SMP is composed of four key plans with actions specified in the MCA Moldova Social and Gender Integration Plan (SGIP) for the CISRA Project. These plans are:



Mobility and Access Facilitation Plan; Social and Gender Plan; Trafficking in Persons Plan, and HIV/AIDS and STD Plan.

Detail information on SMP shall be found in the Specifications. The Engineer may require periodic reviews, including updating of the plans mentioned above during the Works.10.1.3. CESMP Implementation and required resourcesAs specified in chapter 8, the implementation of the CESMP will be managed by the Contractor and the Contractor’s ESM and HSS who will be primarily responsible for daily inspection and monitoring of CESMP implementation.The CESMP and accompanied plans shall be developed prior to civil works start as specified in the Specifications. The CESMP and subsequent changes or modifications will be approved by the Engineer.In addition to the key specialists required, the Contractor should ensure sufficient resources and staff to meet the requirements of the ESMP and CESMP.10.1.4. Project FinalizationTo the satisfaction of the Engineer, the CESMP shall describe specific tasks to be completed at the end of the construction activities. This will include, but not be limited to, aspects such as restoration and re-vegetation of disturbed areas, tree planting, slope treatment, implementation of specific mitigation measures as laid out in the ESMP and CESMP, reporting on final monitoring results, and resolution of complaints from communities or other stakeholders.



11. ESMP PUBLIC CONSULTATIONAccording to FS/FD Consultant’s report the affected area works cover 2 communities: Roscani and Telita. The nearest to Roscani village and the Roscani CSI command area is the village of Telita. According to alignment of the network, residents of Telita village could be adversely affected during the construction phase of the project.According to the MCC Public Consultation Policy and provisions of the EE & EIA law, the findings of ESMP should be presented to and discussed with the public from affected communities.Aforesaid public consultation meeting was conducted in October 2012 followed by compulsory announcement of the public via letters sent to the mayoralty and by posting the announcements on the Information Boards next to mayoralties of Roscani and Telita villages.The Minutes of Public Consultation Meeting is attached to this ESMP (Annex I). It is also to be mentioned that the people were provided two weeks for feedback. No feedback from local people, local NGOs and other interested parties from Roscani and Telita villages was received. Further, during the project implementation, in the case of new insignificant reconstruction, change of machinery and equipment on a new, more ecological one or some others activities which will not significantly affect the environment, and there is no need for special public consultation, the project owner will provide information to all interested parties about these activities by installing a notice plate placed in the project site as well as on the information board located at the mayoralty.



Annexes

__________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 47


Annex A. Mitigation measures

Type of Impact and Potential Negative Impact Mitigation measures Location Timing Supervising agency Cost10 Executing

agency Construction Phase - EnvironmentFertile soil compacting, pollution, erosion

Use as much as possible existing earth (gravel covered) roads for machinery movement.

Segregate temporal stockpile of trench’s earth with different quality.

Careful trench back filling with non-productive soils on the bottom.

Construction site

Construction site

Construction site

During construction

As above

As above

Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Inspection

As above

As above

CC cost

As above

As above

CC

Accidental soil wash-out during pressure testing of pipes section

Dispatcher (communication) network with pumping station – stop test immediately

Prepare plan in case of accident pipe damage

Construction site After pipe / hydrants assembling

Before trench back-filling

Engineer, WUA

As above

CC costs

As above

CC

Oil leakages during pump replacement

Use spill pans / spill tray.Use absorbent in case of spills on top soil.

CIS Roscani pumping stations S-20

During works and temporal storage

Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection

CC cost CC

Lubricants and fuel leakage (machinery camp, traffic)

Preventive and after work shifts inspections

Camping site and on construction site

Daily, During construction

Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection, WUA

CC cost CC

Noise, dust Optimization of machinery traffic and maneuvering.During operations the

Construction site, Pumping stations site - during

Daily, During construction

Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Agency, Local

CC costs CC

10 For costs breakdown please refer to Annex C

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 48


Type of Impact and Potential Negative Impact Mitigation measures Location Timing Supervising agency Cost Executing

agency engine covers of generators, air compressors and other powered mechanical equipment shall be closed.Cover the haul of tracks. Calm the dust with water spray.

renovations. Centre of Public health (occupational safety)

Disturbance of riparian ecosystems / destruction of water-related habitats/ damage to benthic and plankton organisms during fish protection structure installation (filtration cartridge) as well as during the suction pipe installation.

Works to start after spawn period.

To carry out construction works from a pantoon

To minimize area under suction pipes installation works

CIS Roscani pumping stations S-20

Late October – November or March (recommended)

State Fish inspection CC cost CC

Crumbling of river banks / damage to benthic and plankton organisms during the dike excavation work (excavation the dike in order to remove old and install new suction pipes)

Use of geo-grid, grass seeding after works

CIS Roscani pumping stations S-20.

Late October – November or March (recommended)

Engineer, State Fish inspection

CC cost (Compensation cost was identified within Hydro-biological Study added to this ESMP)

CC

Disturbance of terrestrial wildlife by noise produced by machinery

Noise reduction by stopping the engines when parked.

Inform workers about species likely to be met within the working site

CIS Command area especially near the forests, forests strips, river banks.

During trenching, dike excavation Briefings before work shifts.


No cost CC

Environmental pollution with solid and hazardous wastes

Appropriate planning of works to minimize area

Construction site. During entire works period

Engineer, Local Ecological

CC costs CC




agency under construction works. To minimize area under debris

To arrange the place and capacities for temporary storage of hazardous wastes (lead containing oil and painting, lubricants). “Toxic waste!!! Access denied” – warning signs.

Mark the storage site with warning signs “Toxic waste!!! Access denied”.

To secure regular removal of wastes from construction site to designated landfill.

Outside the river protection zone of 1 km.

Within the dumpsite / landfill designated

From construction sites to designated landfill.

As above

As above

As above

Inspection

As above

As above

As above

Asbestos wastes: environment pollution with asbestos fibers

Separate collection, dusting prevention, wet swipe, appropriate temporal disposal, labor safety measure (PPE) – as described in details in Annex D

S-20, S-22 -during roof repair (removing asbestos plates and any other asbestos containing material inside the building)

0 locations within the construction sites where in each locations a 80 cm long asbestos pipe should be removed (cut-off)

During Pumping Station renovation works,

During the works on site (installment of pipes)

Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection,

CC costs CC

Construction Phase - Social




agency Health hazard for workers and local people (construction sites near residential area or other social infrastructure): dust, noise, hazardous materials (asbestos, lead containing paintings)

Optimization of machinery traffic and maneuvering.Cover the haul of tracks. Calm the dust with water spray.Use PPE equipment. Work only during light period of day. Zoning the site while working with hazardous materials: Dirty Zone and Clean Zone and establish a Decontamination Unit in between them. Install Warning Sign.

Construction site, Pumping stations site during renovations.

Daily during the construction phase

Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Inspection, Local Centre of Public Health (occupational safety)

CC costs CC

Accessibility to properties by construction: reduced mobility of persons by closing the roads, if any

Inform people in advance on temporary road closure

Secure by-passes.

Roscani, Telita villages

During the construction phase

Engineer, WUA, Road Police

CC costs CC

Disturbance of the community traditional way of life (“new men in town” effect)

Preventing measures: awareness about local community rules of life/behavior, information on STI, HIV/SIDA among locals and workers. Contract clauses.

Roscani, eventually Telita villages


Engineer, WUA, Local Authorities

CC costs CC

Threat of HIV/Aids and STD Preventing measures: awareness, information on STI, HIV/SIDA among locals and workers. Contract clauses.



Engineer, WUA, Local Authorities

CC costs CC, WUA

Trafficking in Persons/Drugs Information Roscani, Telita During construction Engineer, WUA, CC costs CC, WUA




agency Awareness,Contract clauses

villages phase Local Authorities

Child labor InformationAwareness,Contract clauses


During construction phase

Engineer, WUA, Local Authorities, Labor Inspection

CC costs CC, WUA

Operational Phase - EnvironmentDepletion of surface water resources (water abstraction)

Installation of water meters.

To develop proper irrigation schedule.

To develop irrigation application based on soil moisture parameter and growing crops.

CIS Roscani

CIS Roscani

CIS Roscani

Before signing the Management Transfer Agreement

AM

As above

As above

THVA Project costs

No costs

No coasts

WUA or service outsourced

Energy consumption Optimizing the energy efficiency of the pumping system through its operation and management, including regular monitoring and maintenance. Establish energy efficiency indicators.Proper maintenance of pumps.

CIS Roscani Before signing the Management Transfer Agreement

Self-control WUA costs WUA or service outsourced (recommendations of a management / agro / environmental consultant)

Use of aggressive (large drop size) irrigation - soil grain-size structure deterioration

Use of non-aggressive methods of irrigation (refer to recommendations provided in the Soil Study – Annex E)

CIS Roscani During the irrigation period

Self-control (no enforcement institution exists)

No additional costs WUA

Soil washed as consequence of Technical inspection of CIS Roscani Recurrent task AM WUA Maintenance WUA




agency leakages from pipes, hydrants system. costs

Over irrigation of fields leading to short-term water stagnation and deviation from optimal aero-hydrological soil regime.

Adjust the irrigation schedule with the results of soil moister measurements


Self-control. (no enforcement institution exists)

WUA costs WUA

Formation of the irrigation crust on the top-soil

Covering the soil with organic mulch or vegetation



WUA costs WUA

Unsuitable for certain type of soil agro-technique used

Apply soil conservation methods based on technological fiche elaborated by specialized agri-consultants

CIS Roscani During the lifetime of the irrigation system


WUA costs WUA

Suction of fish and aquatic organisms during the water intake – damage to fish and plankton population

Proper maintenance of fish protection structures

Yearly compensation paid correlated with the abstracted amount of water.

S-20 pump station

CIS Roscani

Yearly or as required

Yearly

State Fish Inspection

As above

WUA costs

WUA costs

Authorized specialists: divers.

WUA

Potential bacteriological pollution of surface water quality

Potential chemical pollution of surface water

Establish a sanitary zone in line with the Hygienic Regulation On protection of water bodies against pollution no 06.6.3.23 dated 03.07. 1997

Control surface water quality

S-20, S-22 pumping stations

S-20, S-22 pumping stations

As prescribed by Sanitary permit issued by Local Public health authority

??

Local Centre of Public Health

??

WUA costs

WUA costs

Local Centre for Public Health

??

Potential deterioration Fuel and lubricants spillage CIS Roscani Re-current task SEI, AGeoM WUAs operational WUA




agency (pollution) of underground and surface water quality by pesticide use

Potential raising of groundwater level

Surface water pollution

control

Development and implement the Integrated Pest Management

Adjusting the irrigation schedule

Establish a sanitary zone in line with the Hygienic Regulation On protection of water bodies against pollution no 06.6.3.23 dated 03.07. 1997

As above

CIS Roscani

Pumping stations’ adjacent areas

Before signing the Management Transfer Agreement

According to data of water level measurements

As prescribed by Sanitary permit issued by Local Public health authority

State Phyto-Sanitary Inspection of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry

Local Centre of Public Health

costs

WUA costs

WUA operational costs

WUA cost

Outsourcing: Agro- / Eco Consultant

WUA


Operational Phase - SocialEquity in access to water: big farms vs. small farms

Raise and discuss the issue with the Administrative Council of WUAFollow the provision of WUA Charter. Transparency in decision making

CIS Roscani During regular Administrative Council meeting and WUA member meetings

WUA costs WUA

Possible plots consolidation (merge) as a precondition of transfer to intensive and more efficient agriculture could generate conflicts between big farms and small ones, groups of farmers and individuals, etc.


CIS Roscani During regular Administrative Council meeting and WUA member meetings

General Meeting of WUA

WUA costs WUA




agency Gender imbalance Inform both men and

women about what the gender balance is and the benefit of applying it. Empowering women and girls.Improving access to education for women and girls.

CIS Roscani Periodically (during the working / management meetings)

WUA Admin Council

WUA costs WUA

Gender inequity in access to water, decision-making, management of WUA, plots consolidation issues, etc.


CIS Roscani Re-current task with special topic during the meetings of WUA Administrative Council

General Assembly of WUA

WUA Costs WUA Administrative Council

Limited leadership of women in CIS / WUA management

Providing women with opportunities to take the lead in managing WUA, CIS

CIS Roscani Re-current task with special topic during the meetings of WUA Administrative Council

General Assembly of WUA

WUA Costs WUA Administrative Council

Threat of TiP, HIV/Aids and STD

Preventing measures: awareness, information on STI, HIV/SIDA among local risk groups (youth mainly)

Villages of Roscani, Telita

During the lifetime of the irrigation system

WUA, Local Authorities

WUA costs WUA

Child labor as a result of increased demand for labor force and limited capacity of the villages to provide it (shortage of labor force).

Awareness about legal responsibilityWUA Code of Conduct signed by each WUA member, Transfer to modern, labor saving agro-technologies.

CIS Roscani Periodically (during the working / management meetings)

WUA Admin Council, Labor Inspection

WUA costs WUA




agency

Pesticide use as a threat to human and environmental health

Follow the Instruction from Product Safety Sheet during the use.

Appropriate storage of the pesticide stock

CIS Roscani

As above

During the vegetation season

The whole year

State Phito-sanitary inspection, WUA

As above

Farmers own costs WUA



Annex B. Monitoring Plan

WHAT parameter is to be monitored

WHERE is the parameter to be

monitored

HOW is the parameter to be monitored

WHEN is the parameter to be

monitored

WHO is to monitor the parameter Cost

WHOM to report to (decision making

institutions)Construction Phase – Health and Safety (HS)CC training (for workers) on Health, Occupational Safety, Environment

At the training venue

Engineer HS Officer as observer at training to check number of trainees and how the subject of training was disclosed.

Before commencement of work on site

Engineer, WUA, Labor Inspection

CC costs MCA-Moldova

HS requirements compliance (logistics)

On Site Inspection to check Log, List of workers, Visitors Log, ESMP, Emergency Response Plan (including fire), Accident Log, Emergency Car present on site, PPE, works permits, etc as required by Regulation regarding the Organization of the occupational safety activities at working place and risks prevention approved by Governmental Decision # 95 of 05.02.2009 – Monitorul Official, #34-36, 2009, art. 138 .

Weekly, immediately before wok shifts starts. Unannounced check.

Engineer, WUA, Labor Inspection

Engineer’s costs MCA-Moldova

HS requirements compliance (documentation and equipment )

On site Inspection to check Log, List of workers, Visitors Log, ESMP, Emergency Response Plan (including fire), Accident Log, Emergency Car present on site, PPE, works permits.

Weekly as an unannounced inspection.

Engineer, WUA, Labor Inspection, Department of Emergency Situations


Occupational safety On site Works permits according to Before works starts Engineer, WUA CC costs MCA-Moldova





monitored



monitored



institutions)the legal list of permits. – Engineer will require the photocopy of permits annexed to the CC Work Program.

Presence of PPE equipment (respirators, gloves, glasses, coverall, etc.)Compliance with labor safety requirements. Fire – fighting equipment. Number of occupational accidents - documentary

Randomly

When required

Engineer, Labor Inspection, Department for Emergency Situations.

General working condition

On site Field Inspection to check Camp Site, Sanitation, etc.

Before works starts Engineer, Labor Inspection


Construction Phase – Environment Soil quality and pollution

On site Field inspections to check application of soil protective measures application (use of roads, minimizing heavy machinery on fertile soil, segregation of soil fertile 70 cm top soil vs the soil beneath during excavation)

When deemed necessary

Engineer, WUA, Local Ecological Inspection

Engineer’s costs, Local Ecological Inspection costs

MCA-Moldova

Field inspection to track oil and fuel spills on soil


Engineer, WUA Engineer’s costs, Local Ecological Inspection costs

MCA-Moldova

Field inspection to check the segregated stockpiling of excavated soil and backfilling the trenches.


Engineer, WUA Engineer’s costs, Local Ecological Inspection operational

MCA-Moldova





monitored



monitored



institutions)budget

Potential Soil loss during pressure test

On site Field Inspection followed by time matching of pressure test

Agreed date Engineer, WUA Engineer cost MCA-Moldova, (monthly reports)

Acoustic: Noise (measure the level of )

On site Aurally & Measurement of dB level

During the work of heavy machinery

CC & Local Centre for Public Health. CC will keep the register with records of noise level registered on site.

CC costs, Centre for Public Health operational budget.

MCA-Moldova, (monthly reports)

Air quality: use of sprays and tracks hauls cover liner use to calm down the dust and minimize dust spread

On the construction site

Visually & Dust measuring Unannounced Inspection & When deemed necessary

CC self-monitoring with records to Register.Centre for Public Health

CC costs. Centre for Public Health operational budget.

MCA Moldova,

Waste handling On the construction site

Check of permits for damping the waste at the local authorized damp siteField inspections to check conditions of wastes disposals - visually- field inspection to check conditions of construction materials storage - visually-Field inspections to check timely removal of wastes – visually & documentary

Before work starts and during the work when deemed necessary. During construction

During construction

During construction


Engineer’s costs, Local Ecological Inspection costs.

MCA-Moldova,

Hazardous wastes (asbestos and removed from walls and metal


Check of permits for disposal of hazardous waste at the authorized damp site

Before work starts Engineer, Local Ecological Inspection, Local

Engineer Cost MCA-Moldova,





monitored



monitored



institutions)structure lead containing paintings) management

- Conditions of hazardous wastes disposals - visually

- Conditions of sites where hazardous wastes are stored -visually

- timely removal of hazardous wastes – visually & documentary

Before work starts

Public Health Centre

As above As above

Terrestrial biodiversity protection


Inspections ( biodiversity protection issue to be mentioned by site manager during the briefing before work shift)

Periodically during the works and mandatory before Site Acceptance Document signed and before Site Transfer document signed

Engineer , WUAs, Local Ecological Inspector.

No additional costs

MCA-Moldova, MSU (Monthly reports)

Underground water level and quality

According to ВСН 33-2.1.05-90 the density of drilling the monitoring wells should be 1 well / 2 square kilometers

Sampling form wells. Float method level measurement.

During the construction phase - right after drilling of wells and before CIS handover to WUA

CC (Sub-contracted licensed company)

CC costs11 AgeoM

Aquatic biodiversity protection


Inspections to assure installation of fish protection structure in line with the design

During the installation of the filer cartridges

Engineer, State Fish inspection

Engineer’s costs, State Fish Inspection operational costs

MCA

11 Drilling costs, cost of underground water analysis and parameters to be analyzed are provided in Annex C, table 3_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 60




monitored



monitored



institutions)

Inspection to assure that the S-20 dikes were backfilled after suction pipe changes according to designSecure the best (less harmful for fish population) technology of installation of fish protection structures

During the dikes excavation works

As above As above

Construction Phase – Social ParametersLocal work power employed

CIS Roscani Check documentation, Mandatory issue to be reported by CC

Issue reported weekly to Engineer

WUA, Engineer No costs MCA-Moldova

Number of meetings, seminar, booklets, etc. on social risks mitigation (breaching the local way of life, child labor use, trafficking in persons/drugs, STD) conducted with workers and locals.

CIS Roscani Training reports Monthly Engineer, WUAs CC cost MCA-Moldova

Number of accidents on site and off-site

CIS Roscani Check documentations (accident report format), interviews with representatives of local authorities and WUAs

Monthly and/or when deemed necessary or upon occurrence.

Engineer. No costs MCA Moldova

Handover of the Site The terms stipulated in Site Delivery Document (local road conditions, clean-up of site, wastes

On site Visit on site – visual inspection.

After completion of works

Joint inspection: CC, Engineer, WUA Director, Central or Local enforcement

No costs MCA-Moldova





monitored



monitored



institutions)on site, etc.) institutionsOperational Phase – Health and SafetyGeneral rules of HSE WUA Office Relevant documentations as

required by Regulation regarding the Organization of the occupational safety activities at working place and risks prevention approved by Governmental Decision # 95 of 05.02.2009 – Monitorul Official, #34-36, 2009, art. 138

Yearly Labor Inspection Labor Inspection costs

-

Operational Phase - EnvironmentAmount of water used / Energy consumption ratio

Pumping station Inspection to check whether water withdrawal registers are properly kept

During the irrigation season

WUA technical staff WUA running costs

AM, Bureau of Statistics (Special Report on Water Use)

Soil quality: agro-hydro- physical and physico-chemical properties of the soils

Sample taken from selected sample points of 2011 Soil Studies

Soil quality parameters by field tests / Laboratory tests12

Different: depending on the parameter to be monitored13

Authorized laboratories (RCAP, Institute of Pedology, etc.)

WUAs costs14 Not applicable

Level of soil moisture Within the command area.

Using tensiometers Daily during the vegetation period

Farmers Amortization costs

WUA Administrative Council (establishment of irrigation schedules)

Groundwater level and quality

CIS Roscani monitoring wells

Water level measured (float method) and sample

Once a year.Annual measurement

WUA, WUA costs15 AGeoM

12 List of parameters to be monitored is provided in Annex C, table 213 As above14 Cost of soil quality monitoring is provided in Annex C, table 2_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 62




monitored



monitored



institutions)collected by local WUA designated staff Water samples sent to authorized laboratory for analysis (Institute of Geology and Seismology, RCAP, Hidrometeo)

should occur at the same season each year and avoid periods of prolonged drought or intense rainfall.Water level measured before and after the irrigation season.

The effectiveness of fish protection structure (filtration cartridges)

S-20, S-22 ends of intake pipes

According to the existing methods (before the filtration structure and after)

Yearly : April – May & September-October during first 5 Year, then once per 5 year.

Institute of Zoology or State Enterprises Acvacultura

WUA Costs16 State Fish Inspection

Surface water quality (bacteriology: pathogenic factors)

Surface water pollution (hydrochemistry) : pH, smell, temperature, suspended solids, Ca, Na, Mg, K, chlorides, sulfates, hydrocarbonates, carbonates, hardness, dry residue, ions sum, irrigation indicators

Up-stream and down stream the water intakes pipes, accumulation basins

Within 100 m up or downstream of pumping station S-20, S-22

Field sampling and laboratory tests in line with Hygienic Regulation on protection of water bodies against pollution no 06.6.3.23 dated 03.07. 1997 approved by Chief Sanitary Doctor of the Republic of Moldova.

According to the GOST 26449.1-85

As it will be specified in Hygienic Sanitary permit

Two times a year before and after the irrigation season (April-September)


Authorized laboratory (RCAP, Geolab, Academy of Science, Department of Pedology

Centre for Public Health Costs

230-250 lei/parameter

Not applicable

To the authorized persons having the mandate to make conclusion on suitability of water for irrigation (RCAP, Institute of Pedology, Department of Pedology, etc.)

15 Costs for underground water parameters to be analyzed are provided in Annex C, table 316 Cost of hydro-biological measurements tbi by authorized institutions (Institute of Zoology or IS “Acvacultura” based on legal provisions (officially approved methodology)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani’ 63




monitored



monitored



institutions)

Operational – SocialChild labor, level of STD, cases of trafficking in persons / drugs, number of registered AIDS infected.

CIS Roscani Anonymous questionnaires, local/regional medical statistics, data from police (no names, just trends)

6 months after construction ends

MCA-Moldova, MSU of AM

Social and gender impact evaluation

CIS Roscani Express social assessments One year after and every third year after the start of operational phase

MCA-Moldova (during the Compact) , MSU of AM

Tbi



Annex C. Mitigation and Monitoring CostsThe costs for environmental and social mitigation measures to be undertaken by CC as well as by other actors involved are based on the prices (VAT included) for June 2012. It should be noted that the prices can change in time. Costs breakdown are provided in the table below:

Table 1. Breakdown costs for environmental and social impact mitigation measure

Mitigation measure Purpose Unit Unit price, lei

Nr of Units Total, lei

ENVIRONMENT – Construction phase1. Spill tray Contain oil /fuel/

other spills Item - - -

2. Absorbent Contain oil /fuel/ other spills litre - - -

3. Asbestos works and lead containing paintings - - -

3.1 P100 Particulate Filter Respirator Lung protection item - - - 3.2 Spare cartridges item - - - 3.3 Disposable mask with P2 filters

EN143 Item - - -

3.4 Disposable coverall Skin protection Item - - - 3.5 Four Gallons (12 liters) Sprayer Wetting asbestos

cont. surfacesitem - - -

3.6 HEPA vacuum cleaner 3 mkm particulates 99,97%

Dry or wet collection of particulate Item - - -

3.7 Asbestos Disposal Bags Bagging asbestos debris /(brushed old lead containing paintings from walls of pumping stations

Item - - -

3.8 Warning signs Zoning the site item - - - 3.9 Decontamination Unit (tent, camp emergency shower, first aid kit, etc.)

Asbestos pollution control item - - -

4. Trees planting Compensate trees’ cutting around the dike

item - - -

5. Compensation for fish damage Repopulation with fish - 0.0 0.0 0.0

SUB-TOTAL ENVIRONMENT - - -

SOCIAL – Construction Phase - - -Activities related to implementation of TIP, STD, Gender Plans (seminars, meeting, social events, information materials, booklets, flyers, etc)

- - -

Sub-total Social - - -

TOTAL CONSTRUCTION - - -

_________________________________________________________________________________Section X. ESMP – Lot #3 / CIS ‘Roscani 65


Mitigation measure Purpose Unit Unit price, lei

Nr of Units Total, lei

ENVIRONMENT – Operational Phase1. Use of water meters Water consumption

control - - -

2. Use of tensiomenters * Schedule irrigation (avoid over-irrigation)

- - -

Tensiometer, 12 inch long** Measure soil moisture item - - -

Tensiometer, 4 ft long** Measure soil moisture item - - -

Tensiometer tool-kit item - - -3. Yearly compensation for fish damage Repopulate the water

with fish (breeding)Water used, 1m3 - - -

Implementation of Integrated Pest Management tbi - - -

Implementation of HS Plan Occupational safety Tbi - - -SUB-TOTAL OPERATIONAL - - -

GRAND TOTAL - - -

* - with good care the tensiometer will work properly 2 years., ** - to secure better control over the soil moisture level there should be a couple of tensiometers forming a measurement poin on the filed: one measuring the soil moisture at up to 20-15 cm depth and another one at the depth of the roots ends (depending on crop cultivated); *** - per one soil type there will be one tensiometer’s measurement point installedTable 2. Cost breakdown for Soil Monitoring activities

Parameter to be monitored

Number of sampling

points

Number of

samples from one sample point

Number of

analysis / field tests

Frequency of analysis

Cost per one sample

analysis (including

sample preparation)


within 15 years

monitoring cycle

Total within 15 years

monitoring cycle, MDL

1 2 3 4 [2 * 3] 5 6 7 8 [4*6*7]

Apparent Soil Density* 4** 7*** 28

Twice per year (April, September)

- - -

Field Capacity 4 16 64

Once in 5 year

End of crops

rotation cycle****

- - -

Composition of soil aqueous extract

4 7 28 As above - - -

pH 4 7 28 As above - - -



Parameter to be monitored

Number of sampling

points

Number of

samples from one sample point

Number of

analysis / field tests


Cost per one sample

analysis (including

sample preparation)


within 15 years

monitoring cycle

Total within 15 years

monitoring cycle, MDL

1 2 3 4 [2 * 3] 5 6 7 8 [4*6*7]Absorbed cations 4 7 28 As above - - -

Carbonates 4 7 28 As above - - -

Soil Microstructure 4 7 28 Once in 15

year - - -

TOTAL for 15 years monitoring cycle, lei -Yearly AVERAGE within 15 years monitoring cycle, lei -

* - Must be measured yearly before and after vegetation period; ** - equal to the number of soil classes identified in the Roscani irrigation massif; *** - standard number of samples taken from a soil profile; **** - assuming 5 main crops in Roscani CIS.Table 3. Cost breakdown for Underground Water Monitoring Activities

Phase What to be measured

Where to be measured

How to be measured When Who is to

measure Cost, lei Total per year, lei

Con

stru

ctio

n

Calcium

Authorized laboratory

Reference methods in laboratory

Right after the monitoring wells are set and before the handing over the CIS to WUA (4 wells)

Authorized accredited laboratory

- -

Magnesium - -

Sodium - -

Hardness - -

Sulfates - -

Carbohydrates - -

Chlorines - -

Nitrates - -

Mineralization - -

Conductivity

On site and lab

Express tester

Right after the network is set and then monthly – 4 wells

CC environmental staff will sample 4 wells

- -

pH - --

Water level On site Float Before and after construction

CC environmental staff will measure all 4 wells

- -







Oil product Authorized laboratory


Right after the monitoring wells are set and before the handing over the CIS to WUA


- -

Pesticides Authorized laboratory


Right after the moni-toring wells are set and before the handing over the CIS to WUA


- -

Analysis costs (sampling cost included), lei (CC Costs)

- -

Drilling of wells, lei / meter (including man-power and transport) - -

Average depth of drilling in Roscani area, m 15 -

Nr of wells 4 -

Cost of drilling, lei (CC costs) - -

TOTAL MONITORING -CONSTRUCTION PHASE - -

Ope

ratio

nal

Calcium

Authorized laboratory


AnnuallyAuthorized accredited laboratory

- -

Magnesium - -

Sodium - -

Hardness - -

Sulfates - -

Carbohydrates - -

Chlorines - -

Nitrates - -

Mineralization - -

Conductivity On site and lab

Express tester

Monthly WUA staff - -pH - -







Water level On site floatBefore and after irriga-tion season

WUA staff - -

Oil products Lab Reference method Annually


- -

Pesticides Lab Reference methods Annually


- -

TOTAL OPERATIONAL (sampling and analysis), lei - -

* Costs were provided by the “Geolab” laboratory of the Institute of Geology and Seismology and private drilling companies



Annex D. Guidelines For Handling Non-Friable Asbestos-Containing Waste

1. GENERAL GUIDELINES AND SCOPE OF WORK1.1 IntroductionThese guidelines provide the background on handling asbestos-containing waste that may be found during construction under the MCA-Moldova Compact. This document covers training of workers, site assessment and identification of asbestos-containing waste, handling, pretreatment and disposal of asbestos-containing material (ACM). These guidelines are applicable to CC personnel and any other who are at the work site and may contact with ACM. Procedures presented within this document apply to situations where asbestos containing material (ACM) will be removed or otherwise handled is such a way that it will become disturbed. Where ACMs are identified the CC shall consider the following:

The amount of ACM that may be disturbed could impact the applicability of this document. If the planned work will disturb less than one square meter (1 m2) of ACM, the CC will not be required to use special handling procedures. However, even if only small amounts of asbestos are present, reasonable precautions should be taken including the use of worker PPE, wetting to limit dust generation, and bagging the materials.

This document is intended to provide guidance and practices to be used for the removal of asbestos containing material (ACM). The procedures presented are not intended to meet specific regulatory requirements but rather are intended to meet the intent of best work and management practices as it relates to ACM removal. This is accomplished by achieving two project goals accordingly:

Protection of workers – This includes proper training, use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and specialized work practices to prevent workers performing ACM removal from being exposed to asbestos.

Protection of future occupants – It is the intent of the abatement to remove both visual and microscopic asbestos from the subject work areas in a manner that will not result in residual fibers which could lead to exposure of workers or others.

The following constitutes a general guideline and the items listed are specific to the ACM-related activities. In addition to the items in these Guidelines, the CC is expected to abide by all related local laws, rules, and regulations in the Republic of Moldova. This document provides guidance and technical information for the removal of ACM that is non-friable and this guidance applies only to work performed outside of buildings. For the purpose of this report, the term “friable” means that ACM can be crumbled or pulverized by hand pressure. Furthermore, if material that is non-friable in its present condition but is likely to become friable during removal then it is to be considered as friable in so far as following appropriate procedures and the CC may need to implement additional procedures.This document is intended as an integral part of the construction works.1.2 Preparation / Removal CC shall provide site security during the hours when Supervisor, workers, and all subcontractors (i.e. demolition and disposal personnel) are on site, and at all times when access to removed ACMs is not otherwise restricted.



During ACM removal works, from preparation to final clearance, access to the associated work areas and buildings should be strictly prohibited. Only persons duly authorized by the CC shall be permitted in buildings and areas where ACM removal works are performed.ACM debris shall be immediately wetted with amended water and bagged in adequate poly bags, and shall not be permitted to accumulate on the ground. Amended water is defined as water with a chemical surfactant added to it in order to increase the ability of it to penetrate and wet asbestos fibers. In the event that a commercial product specifically intended for this use is not available, the CC may add a liquid detergent (such as dish soap) to water at a ratio of approximately 1 part soap to 200 parts water. Care should be taken to not add too much soap as this could create a slip hazard on the work site.1.3 Worker Protection The purpose of this section is to describe procedures to be followed to prevent exposure of workers of the CC to asbestos fibers. This is achieved through a combination of training, equipment and procedures. The material described in this section is applicable to removal of non-friable material.While engaged in ACM removal activities workers shall be prohibited from smoking. Smoking exacerbates ACM-related health issues and shall be strongly discouraged on the work site. Employees shall be advised of the extreme health risks of smoking on the work site –especially when ACM-related activities are underway. 1.3.1 TrainingWorkers of the CC performing removal of asbestos shall undergo on-site training by a competent person (e.g., CC’s Environmental & Social and Health & Safety Manager). The training shall include both lecture and hands on demonstrations. The training shall cover at a minimum:

Identifying Asbestoso Materials that contain asbestoso Friable and Non-friableo Types of asbestos

Health effectso Lung cancer, asbestosis, mesothelioma

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)o Respiratory protectiono Protective Clothingo Fit tests

Abatemento Removal methodso Disposing of debriso Decontamination

Final Clean



o Cleaning the work areao Removing the polyo Disposing of debris during removal

1.3.2 Equipment The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a critical element to preventing exposure to asbestos fibers while it is being removed. Furthermore, the use of amended water and High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) equipped vacuums will greatly reduce the chance of fibers becoming airborne. The following list and descriptions of equipment shall be used while removing asbestos. PPE will be provided by the CC. The use of PPE shall be followed by the CC regardless of the state (friable or non-friable) or condition of the ACM.

Respirators – Half-face negative pressure air purifying respirators with a P-100 cartridge or equivalent shall be used. The types of respirators and their use shall be in accordance with current manufacturer’s specifications as well as international occupational safety and health regulations.

Designated or Disposable Clothing – Workers handling ACM shall either use disposable work suits or shall use clothing that is designated only to be worn inside the work area.

HEPA vacuum – The CC shall make use of HEPA equipped vacuums to remove loose ACM-containing construction dust and debris. In the event that a HEPA equipped vacuum is not available, CC may make use of damp cloths to wipe down surfaces.

UNDER NO CONDITION IS DRY SWEEPING ALLOWED WITHIN A WORK AREA!!!.2. ABATEMENT OF NON-FRIABLE ACM2.1 General proceduresThe following general procedures shall be used at all times when removing or handling ACM:

Preparation of amended water – The CC shall use a water tank of sufficient volume to mix liquid soap with water at a ratio of 1:200 (soap-to-water) and adequately agitate it.

Use of amended water – ACM shall be kept damp (but not saturated) by spraying of amended water on ACMs during the remediation procedure. Fibers that are damp are less likely to become airborne than those that are dry.

Proper disposal – ACM shall not be allowed to accumulate on the floor of the work area. Damp ACM shall be placed directly into appropriate disposal bags.

Prohibition of dry sweeping – the use of dry sweeping will cause fibers to become airborne and migrate throughout the building. Under no conditions is dry sweeping to be allowed. The use of HEPA vacuums and/or damp cloth wiping shall be used.

2.1.2 Work Place IsolationIf working inside of closed area, the preparation of the work area for the removal of the non-friable ACM shall consist of the following:

Critical barriers consisting of a single layer of 6 mil polyethylene where potential breakages may occur (i.e. vents or openings to a building such as windows, doors, vents, roof fan vents).



One layer of 6 mil polyethylene sheeting shall be the minimum protection on walls or other surfaces that would be difficult to clean near areas where ACM are expected to be cut, broken into pieces, and otherwise produce potentially harmful dust or particles.

2.1.3 Work ProceduresACM shall be removed in a manner that will not result in breakage or abrasion. ACM shall be kept damp with amended water and shall not be subject to impacts by power tools. In the event that nails or screws need to be removed in order to remove the ACM, the area of the fastener shall be sprayed with amended water, and a HEPA vacuum if available shall be used while the fastener is being removed. The following methods are anticipated to be sufficient to complete this project:

Removal of ACM panels intact – Panels that are held in place with clips or by gravity shall be removed intact and placed directly into disposal bags or wrapped in plastic.

Removal of screwed in panels – Panels held on by screws shall be removed by wetting the screw heads with amended water and backing out the screw. Following the removal of the screw, the hole shall be damp cloth cleaned using amended water.

Removal of riveted panels – Panels held on by rivets shall be removed by use of a hand tool to break the rivet, and if absolutely necessary, the panel itself. The use of amended water is imperative so as to reduce the generation of asbestos fibers. The CC shall perform this in a manner to minimize the amount of breakage of the panels. In addition, if the blind side of the rivet can be accessed, it may be possible to drill out the rivets without touching the asbestos panel or tile. For example, if the rivet passed through an asbestos panel and a metal support, the expanded end of the rivet could be removed from beneath the metal support by drilling out the end of the rivet. If the size of the drill bit is larger than the diameter of the body of the rivet, there is little danger that the drill bit would pass through the metal support.

ACM removed, including clothes and other disposable materials used in a removal process, shall be placed directly into 6-mil poly bags and these bags shall be handled accordingly:

Tightly seal the bag or wrap so as to create an air tight seal. Wipe down the outside of the bag or wrap using a cloth and amended water. Remove the bag from the work area and place in a designated storage location. Under no circumstance shall ACM be allowed to accumulate on the work area floor or be

allowed to dry out.2.1.4 DecontaminationThe CC shall provide wash facilities either connected to the work area or within close proximity. The facilities shall include an area where workers can change out of their PPE, thoroughly wash head to toe and then change into either street clothes or clean work clothes. Bags of waste ACM shall be cleaned using damp cloth and HEPA vacuum if available and placed into a second bag prior to leaving the work area. Disposal of non-friable ACM will be in accordance with section 2.1.5 of this document.2.1.5 DisposalBags of waste ACM as well as waste PPE or other materials that were located within the work area shall be stored in a manner that will prevent rupture of bags. Permanent onsite disposal of



ACM discovered or disturbed during construction is considered to be an acceptable practice. ACM shall be disposed of in the following manner which will prevent or otherwise reduce the chance of future disturbance.

Encasement with concrete or asphalt-concrete mixture in a manner that will prevent the future disturbance of waste. Concrete encasement shall be buried at least 1 meter underground and covered with soil.

The concrete encasements should be marked with a permanent, weatherproof warning sign that may be buried on or embedded in the top of the concrete (e.g., stamped, non-corrodible sheet metal, perhaps covered in plastic). The intent is to make anyone who excavates the concrete at some future time aware that the concrete contains asbestos material so that the concrete is not pulverized during removal. Ideally, each concrete capsule would be of a size that facilitates future removal (e.g., 1 meter cubes). In addition, the inclusion of lifting hooks embedded in the concrete would greatly facilitate any future removal.

Amended water will be sprayed on in quantities to avoid the creation of standing water or other wastewater.



Annex E. Roscani Irrigation Area Soil StudyAttached as a separate hard copy report to the hard copy of the ESMP Roscani



Annex F. Surface Water Quality StudyWill be attached as a separate hard copy report to the hard copy of the ESMP Roscani



Annex G. Fish damage calculation for Roscani irrigation system water intake from Nistru RiverAttached as a separate hard copy report to the hard copy of the ESMP Roscani



Annex H. Roscani Command Area Underground Water Level and QualityIrrigation massif in the Nistru River valley by Oleg Bogdevici, Dr. in Geology,Deputy Director of the Institute of Geology and Seismology of the Academy of Science of Moldova

General characteristics of groundwater Geological survey prior to commencement of irrigation projects in the Dniester River valley began in 60’s of 20th century. That time, specialized entity "Hydrogeology Team" under the Ministry of Water Management of the Soviet Republic of Moldova carried out the research towards identifying the soil condition, soil type and salinity as well as seasonality, quality and levels of groundwater. All these was aimed at determine the suitability of soils for irrigations. Conducted research has shown that the soil is suitable for irrigation.Within the reference period, i.e. since 1970, the area of concern was irrigated by drip irrigation or rain type irrigation. Irrigation status during the reference period was estimated for each year as being good one. Soil salinity was found as very low one or not saline at all.Aquifers of stratigraphic subdivisions are common throughout the territory, but alluvial aquifer (first aquifer from the surface) has a major role in irrigation. One should also take into account the interaction between the first horizon and deep groundwater aquifers. The first phreatic horizon is scattered throughout the river and its tributaries valleys, watersheds of interfluve and slopes.Groundwater flow direction depends on geological structure, and the flow is directed from the North to South and Southwest. However, in relation to landscape fragmentation, general flow is divided into zones with specific hydrodynamic properties. The groundwater flow in this area is oriented from higher altitude toward the lower ones (in river valley) and is determined by the local denudation base.Groundwater in watershed areas occurs only after rainfalls; on slopes - after rainfalls and due to infiltration from aquifers located in lower meadows; additionally, slopes may be infiltrated by the Badenian-Sarmatian aquifer complex. Groundwater pouring occurs as small springs flow and as outpouring of other aquifers in the river and stream floodplains. Alluvial aquifer depends on water level in the river and streams. This aquifer is supplied with water from the river, at a time when their water level is maximum and minimum (during the reversed process).Groundwater flow velocity is low and depends on the filtration capacity of aquifer rocks. Filtration coefficient of sandy clays and clays ranges from 0.01 to 0.50 m per day. Sand and gravel filtration coefficient varies between 0.58 to 1.8 m per day, however, sometimes can be more than 2.3 to 20.0 m per day. Groundwater flow velocity is enhancing on steep slopes as compared to watershed and valley. Drainage conditions of irrigated lands depend on pressure gradient.Groundwater conditions depend on weather conditions: precipitation, evaporation and temperature. Groundwater system depends directly on rainfalls. Groundwater levels increase during snowmelt or heavy rains and decreases during dry periods. Groundwater levels can vary from 0.14 up to 4.2 m.



Groundwater levels depend on relief and altitude. Maximum depth of the water table is greater than 10 meters in watershed areas with the highest levels of relief. Sometimes in areas where the clay layer is near the surface, aquifer horizons occur sporadically, with groundwater levels of 3 to 5 m in river valleys, and river is a groundwater discharge area where its level is minimal.Groundwater mineralization is within a broad range from 0.5 to 5.3 grams per liter. Groundwater mineralization between 0.5 to 1.0 grams per liter is common in the highest areas of watershed. The chemical composition of groundwater is magnesium-carbonate and magnesium-calcium-sodium. Groundwater mixing water with higher salinity occurs in lower valleys. Dissolution of slightly soluble salts (sulfates) increases the mineralization to 2.0 grams per liter, and sometimes - up to 3.0 grams per liter. Chemical composition changes to sodium and calcium-sulphate-magnesium carbonate. Water mixed carbonate-sulfate anions are encountered rarely.Alluvial waters in rivers and streams have mineralization ranging from 1.0 and up to 3.0 grams per liter. Sometimes, it can be greater than 5.0 grams per liter. Chemical composition of water changes from carbonate-sulfate type to sulfate one. Cationic composition is sodium-magnesium or magnesium-sodium.In the first from the surface aquifer, anion composition has a specific dependency upon mineralization. Increased mineralization of anions leads to the following changes: from class-HCO3 - SO-2

4 to class HCO3 - SO4 and further, to SO4 class. Cation distribution is not fixed. Only high levels of magnesium occur in this aquifer.Varied mineralization can be explained by the difference permeability parameters of the rocks and stagnation regime of groundwater flow. Drainage water exchange and fragmentation depend on the geological structure. The more landscape is dissected, the more intensive is velocity and exchange of water. Such conditions are favorable for formation of good quality groundwater.Groundwater is susceptible to evaporation. Places where groundwater depth is less than 2.0 m, are characterized by intense evaporation, increased soil moisture and high salinity. In the river valleys and springs, water type changes from hydrocarbonate type to sulfate one. Lithology, mineral composition, also significantly affect groundwater hydro-chemical conditions. Carbonates and sulfates with low solubility saturate groundwater percolation process. Aquifers located at the depth have a more stable hydro-system and higher quality of aquifer parameters.First groundwater horizon is very sensitive to human impact. Mineralization increased at the expense of presence of nitrates and nitrites is an indicator of negative anthropogenic impact. Exchange and increased nitrogen and phosphate mineralization may be linked to domestic livestock and fertilizers use, POPs sites; heavy metals and other contaminants were not found in significant concentrations in groundwater.

ROSCANI IRRIGATION MASSIFThe Roscani irrigation massif is located on gentle slope between Telita and Roscani villages (fig.1). The irrigation area is characterized by good drainage condition. The depth of groundwater in the area of concern is more than 10 meters. The only exception is a small area in the irrigation massif located in its southern part next to Roscani village where the depth of ground water is about 5 meters (fig.2). The results of previous hydro-geological researches showed that alluvial deposits of the Nistru River are washed and quite poorly saturated with water. Groundwater is attributed by



terrigenouse middle and upper Sarmatian (N1S2-3) aquifer. Aquifer rocks are fine-grained pelite sands with clay intercalations.The thickness of deposit reaches 25 m. The base of aquifer complex is upper Pliocene and Holocene deposits of different genesis. The rocks of the complex lays horizontally or slightly inclined. The underground waters in the area of concern have a local pressure of order of 8-14 m (sample 25, Teliţa village).The deposits’ saturation with water is low. The discharge flow varies from 0.01 to 0.5 liters per second. The flow toward the pumping wells ranges from 0.07 to 0.2 liters per second (well 894, Teliţa village).In general, groundwater is fresh, with the mineralization of up to 1 gram per litter. The mineralization increases down the slope and reaches 2.0 - 2.3 g/l (well 3244, Roşcani village).



Fig. 1. General layout of the Roscani irrigation massif



Fig. 2. Map of groundwater level in the Roscani irrigation massif (years 1980 – 1992)



The groundwater chemistry (chemism) is characterised as sulphate-hydro-carbonate, carbonate-sulphate, sometimes, sulphate-chloride. In the cation content, sodium and magnesium ions dominate. Total hardness varies from 7.75 meq/L (Teliţa village) to 21.5 meq/L (s Roscani village).The Kurlov formula is:

M 0.9HCO3 64 SO 4 17 Cl10 NO3 9

Mg36 ( Na+K )33Ca 31pH 7,7

(s. Teliţa)

M 2 . 3SO4 39 Cl 36 HCO3 22 NO3 3

Mg36 ( Na+K )39 Ca 25pH 7,8

(s. Roşcani)

Recharge zone of the complex coincides with its spread. Recharge of the aquifer is mainly infiltration of atmospheric precipitation, besides there is inflow from the upper deposits. The dynamics of groundwater is in line with the hypsometry of the shelter rocks, and flows toward south and south-west. Discharge from the complex occurs through the network of gutters, rivulets, and springs on the slopes. Analysis of multiannual observations data has shown that throughout the year, the level of underground water suffer insignificant variation, the amplitude being 0.4 – 0.7 m. The water chemical composition also changes insignificantly. It is to be mentioned that the irrigation massif area has an aeration zone of up to 15-25 m. Some areas are less permeable or even impermeable so water stagnation can occur during the irrigation. Monitoring network (monitoring wells) should be established in line with legal requirements, i.e. 1 monitoring well per 2 square km. The place for installation of monitoring well should be established taking into consideration the groundwater flow and its interaction with surface water and Badenian-Sarmatian aquifer. Hydro-dynamics capacity and quality of the first groundwater horizon are indicators be monitored.

Bibliografy 1. «О результатах комплексной гидрогеологической и инженерно-геологической съемки масштаба 1:50000 для целей мелиорации массива орошения «Междуречье Бык – Реут» проведенной в 1984 – 1988 годах», Raport 3088, Fondul Geologic, AGRM.2. «Геологическое строение, гидрогеологические и инженерно-геологические условия площади Тираспольского листа. Отчет о результатах комплексной геологической, гидрогеологической и инженерно-геологической съемки м-ба 1:200 000 листа L-35-XII», Raport 3414, Fondul Geologic, AGRM.3. «Комплексная геологическая, гидрогеологическая, инженерно-геологическая съемка м-ба 1:50 000 листов L-35-34-В-б,г; L-35-34-Г, L-35-46-Б с общими поисками. Отчет геологосъемочной партии о работах, проведенных в 1987-1991 гг», Raport 3408, Fondul Geologic, AGRM.



4. СНиП 1.02.07-87 ИНЖЕНЕРНЫЕ ИЗЫСКАНИЯ ДЛЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА. МОСКВА 1987.5. ВСН 33-2.1.05-90 Ведомственные Строительные Нормы. Гидромелиоративные системы и сооружения. Гидрогеологические и Инженерно-Геологические Изыскания.6. П1-03 к СНБ 1.02.01-96 ИНЖЕНЕРНО-ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ГИДРОГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗЫСКАНИЯ ДЛЯ МЕЛИОРАТИВНОГО И ВОДОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА. Министерство архитектуры и строительства Республики Беларусь. 2004.



Annex I Minutes of ESMP Public Consultation Meeting in the CIS RoscaniPublic hearings meeting on ESMP for CIS Roscani took place on 27th of September 2012 in the City Hall of Roscani village. 20 persons (9 women and 11 men) representing different social segments attended the meeting. The participants were provided a 45 minutes (22 slides) Power Point presentation on ESMP main objectives, structure and content.The participants had no objections on ESMP structure and content. According to their opinion, the ESMP documents highlighted the possible impacts on environment, and that the mitigation measures have been clearly described and easy to implement during the operational phase and to monitor during the construction phase of the project.Being asked about any environmental issues which might be overlooked and not reflected in the ESMP the answer was that it looks like the environmental issues are all well reflected. To make a dialog more pro-active, the moderator started asking the following questions:1. Surface water pollution: In relation to this, the participants were asked whether they think that surface water would be more endangered then underground water and how. They mentioned that sometimes the surface water is polluted by household wastes, sometimes the sheep’s cows are brought to the river for watering and the result is manure pollution of the water, etc. They do not think that direct impact on the river from the agricultural field would be an issue. In response to this the moderator reminded that WUA - a legal juridical person – will be several time a year inspected by local sanitarian-epidemiological and it is of paramount importance that river water is protected from bacteriological pollution (manure, other organic wastes, actually all kind of wastes) to the maximum extent possible. Otherwise, the functioning of the CIS is under risk to be ceased (when surface water is bacteriological polluted the irrigation will be stopped).2. Underground water pollution: they said that the way it is reflected in ESMP is clear and enough. However, in terms of possible pollution of underground water with pesticides they would like to learn how to develop a Pest Management Plan. The answer was that this topic will be covered under another Project component: training programme on ESMP up-date and development.3. In this context, following the pesticide discussion the audience was asked whether there is obsolete pesticides unregistered stock. Whether the farmers are using them… The answer was negative, but the moderator still found worthwhile to remind that if used somehow – the obsolete, persistent, old generation and prohibited for use pesticides could endanger all WUA investment. The audience insisted that it is really not a matter of great concern. They do not remember that such an issue was raised in their farmers’ community. 4. Illegal extraction of sand also does not represent risks for CIS Roscani since there is a legal quarry at the distance of 20 km from their village.5 The participants raised a question on who would be responsible for compensating the damages caused to farmers in case of accidents occurred in the irrigation system, for example damage and leakage of fuel oil pipe in the garden of people. During the construction phase the CC is responsible for all possible accidents. During the operational phase – this will be WUA, however, the contract with AM, management transfer should be well prepared and issues like warranty, post construction O&M terms well negotiated. They were also advised to approach ISRA component for the institutional and juridical questions they might have.



6. Issues related to social component of ESMP were raised during the meeting. The participants were invited to consider social aspects from construction phase perspective and operational phase perspective. They expressed their concern about the effect of “new men in town” and consequences of this. It was understood that they mean possible libertine behaviour of constructors… In this context the presenter raised repeatedly the issue of STD, TiP. It was stated that the raised issue “of new men in town” should be mandatory reflected in the ESMP as well as suggested measures to manage this issue. The public agreed that the main approach should be prevention through friendly discussion, informing local people, the team, ask leaders of community and WUAs being active in awareness and information activities regarding this issue. 7. The gender issue were also discussed and found relevant to be taken into consideration both during construction and operational phase. This aspect was quite familiar with the audience. They are aware about the MCC policy in this respect. Particularly it was discussed the gender dimension of access to water, leadership, participation at management of the CIS. The participants agreed that women should be promoted more actively to take the leading positions within WUAs. They also think that all inequities likely to occur during the functioning of the CIS should and will be addressed/solved inside the WUA in line with WUA Charter provisions. Particularly, the matters of concern will be raised and decisions taken during the General WUA Meetings.8. The risks related to health, child labour, etc. were assessed as not very big ones. Quite likely – childe labour for instance - but manageable. In any case, childe from a certain age could give a hand to their parents – farmers. However this in no case is done in detriment of the educational process (going to agro-field instead of going to school). Before closing the meeting, the audience was provided with contact details and invited, to submit their views and ideas that they might additionally have within two weeks.

List of participants (all participants are residents of Roscani village)

Surname Name Function/Occupation

Matei Igor Farmer

Olarita Leonid Farmer

Paduret Maria Farmer

Lungu Lidia Entrepreneur

Gornet Mihail Agricultural consultant

Lungu Mihai Mayor

Gornet Natalia Secretary

Sarbu Ghenadie Director of LTD “Viorica&K”

Muntean Valentina Farmer

Trandafir Ion Engineer

Brasoveanu Ludmila Pensioner



Surname Name Function/Occupation

Croitor Eugenia Farmer

Sipitca Valeriu Farmer

Gornet Vera Social worker

Osipov Dumitru Farmer

Melnic Igor Pensioner

Ostap Marina Farmer

Surchicin Iulia Accountant

Moraru Grigore Farmer

Burlacu Anatolie MCA Environmental Officer



Annex J Incident Report Format

Project: REHABILITATION OF CIS ROSCANI INCIDENT REPORT

1 Date

2 Location:

3 Raion:

4 WUA:

5Location of Incident (distance and direction against a fixed point or coordinates):

6 Incident Type:

7 Severity: High Medium Low

7 Reported by:

8 Description of Incident Root Cause:

9 Corrective Actions Taken:

10 Corrective Actions to be Taken:

11 Actions Taken to Prevent Recurrence:

12 Corrective Actions Carried Out By:

13 Persons Involved:

14 Machine Involved:

15 Contractor / Sub-Contractor Involved:

16 Third Parties Involved:

17 Photo Documentation The photos with appropriate descriptions should be presented as an Attachment to the Incident Report



For MCA-Moldova Use Only

Date:

Received by:

Decision / Action taken


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