INTRODUCTION OF FARDHU’ AIN

MUHAMMAD FAZLI HUSAINI BIN MUHAMMAD FAIZ GOH

NAQIB SYAHIR BIN NOORDIN

MUHAMMAD RAFE BIN ALIUS

AZAM BIN KHUZAIMI

1. SEEKING KNOWLEDGE FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE• ORDINANCE OBLIGATORY ON EVERY MUSLIM• HOW KNOWLEDGE IS DETERMINED:

DEGREE OF ITS CRUCIALNESSUSEFULNESS TO THE INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY

• DIVISION OF KNOWLEDGE:FARD’ AYNFARD KIFAYAH

2. DEFINITION OF FARDHU’ AIN

• RELIGIOUS OBLIGATION THAT IS BINDING ON EVERY MUSLIM

3. STATUS & ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE OF FARD’ AIN IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

• ISLAM STRESSES ON UNITY• EDUCATION STRENGTHEN INDIVIDUAL INDIVIDUAL UNIFIED UMMAH• UNDERSTAND AND PRACTICE THE KNOWLEDGE• THE SCOPE OF FARD’ AIN VARIES FROM PERSON TO PERSON• WIDER SCOPE, MORE RESPONSIBILITY

4. FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT & DISCIPLINE OF EDUCATION (TARBIYAH)

• TARBIYAH (INCREASE, GROWTH) - THE DEVELOPMENT AND THE TRAINING OF PEOPLE IN VARIOUS ASPECTS• TARBIYAH WASTE OF TIME, ENERGY, EFFORT & WEALTH

ACCOUNTABLE ON THE DAY OF JUDGEMENT• CONSIST OF 9 THINGS

a) Definition of knowledge & Asbabul Ilmu

b) Category of knowledge c) Degree of genuineness of knowledge

• Asbāb (pl. sabab) - cause, reason

• Understand its essence• Nur in the heart• Devote whole self, have

chance obtained part of knowledge

• And they ask you, [O Muhammad], about the soul. Say, "The soul is of the affair of my Lord. And mankind have not been given of knowledge except a little.“ (17:85)

• Asbabul Ilm: Sound senses (Al-Hawas), Rational faculty (Al-’Aql), News/Report (Al-Khabar)

1. Ilmu Kulli – General knowledge

2. Ilmu Juz’iy – Partial of the knowledge

1. Reveal knowledge (Al-Ilm) :- Absolute truth

2. Human science-Truth/False, (ilmu kalam/insaniyah) guided by revealed knowledge

3. Opinion (Al-Ra’)- Ijtihad- Tawadhu

4. Presumption/hypothesis (Al-Khirs)- Handle with care

D. PROCESS OF EDUCATIONJUST AS WE HAVE SENT AMONG YOU A MESSENGER FROM YOURSELVES RECITING TO YOU OUR VERSES AND PURIFYING YOU AND TEACHING YOU THE BOOK AND WISDOM AND TEACHING YOU THAT WHICH YOU DID NOT KNOW

SURAH AL-BAQARAH : 151

E. TARGET OF EDUCATIONIHYA AL-QULUB

O YOU WHO HAVE BELIEVED, RESPOND TO THE ALLAH AND

THE MESSENGER WHEN HE CALLS YOU TO THAT WHICH GIVES YOU LIFE. AND KNOW THAT ALLAH, INTERVENES BETWEEN A MAN AND HIS

HEART AND THAT TO HIM YOU WILL BE GATHERED

SURAH AL-ANFAL : 24

GHARSU AL-YAQEENINCULCATE TRUE FAITH IN

GOD

AL-BASEERAHSAY, “THIS IS MY WAY ; I

INVITE ALLAH TO ALLAH IN INSIGHT , I AND THOSE WHO FOLLOW ME. AND

EXALTED IS ALLAH ; AND I AM NOT OF THOSE WHO

ASSOCIATE OTHERS WITH HIM.

SURAH YUSUF : 108

F. WORDS TO BE PONDEREDTO KNOW THAT YOU DO NOT KNOW IS THE BEST. TO PRETEND TO KNOW WHEN YOU DO NOT KNOW IS A DISEASE. ONLY WHEN ONE RECOGNIZES THIS DISEASE AS A DISEASE CAN ONE BE FREE FROM THE DISEASE. (THE WAY OF LAO TZE)

G. THE IMPORTANCE OF SEEKING KNOWLEDGEA HADITH AND QUOTATIONS RELATED TO ADAB:THE PROPHET PBUH SAID :INDEED THIS QURAN IS THE SPIRITUAL RECIPE OF ALLAH ON THIS EARTH, SO LEARN FROM IT AS MUCH AS YOU COULD. THE WORD “MA’DUBAH” DERIVES FROM THE ROOT WORD ADAB. FOR THAT, TO PERSUE THE ESSENCE OF AL-QUR’AN WE NED TO OBSERVE ADAB. INDEED ALLAH IS TENDER AND LOVE TENDERNESS, HE ALSO SAID, INDEED TENDERNESS DO APPEAR IN SOMETHING EXCEPT IT WILL DECORATE IT AN IF IT IS PULLED OUT OF SOMETHING DISGRACE WILL EVENTUALLY BEFALL UPON IT.

THE FAMOUS SAINT HASAN AL-BASRI RAHIMAHULLAH SAID : THOSE WHO NOT POSSESS ADAB

NO KNOWLEDGE FOR HIMTHOSE WHO DO NOT POSSESS PATIENCENO DEEN FOR HIMTHOSE WHO DO NOT POSSESS WARA’NO ‘ZULFA’ FOR HIM

ADAB OF SEEKING KNOWLEDGE

• IKHLAS• PRACTICE WITH THE KNOWLEDGE AND ABSTRAIN FROM MA’AASI• TAWADHU• TO RESPECT AND HONOUR THE LEARNED AND KNOWLEDGE GATHERING• PATIENCE AND COMPETITIVENESS IN SEEKING KNOWLEDGE• SIDQ AND AMANAH IN DEALING WITH KNOWLEDGE• PROPAGATING KNOWLEDGE AND TEACHING OF IT• ZUHD• BE PARTICULAR OF TIME AND MAKING FULL USE OF IT• CONSTANT REVISION TO AVOID FORGETFULNESS• ALWAYS IN STATE OF HONOUR AND SHYNESS• IN THE COMPANY OF SOLIHIN

• CATEGORY OF AL-ADAB (CONDUCT, MANNERS, ETIQUETTE, CULTURE, DISCIPLINE, COURTEOUSNESS, TACT, ETHNIC, MORALITY• 1. ADAB AHLU DUNYA : ELOQUENCY & RHETORIC, MEMORIZATION OF BEAUTIFUL

EXPRESSION, POEM, QUOTATION ETC.• 2. ADAB AHLU DEEN : TARINING OF THE SOUL, DISCIPLINE OF THE ORGANS,

OBSERVATION OF THE LIMITS, ABANDONMENT OF THE LUST AND ZEALOUS DESIRE• 3. ADAB AHLU KHUSUS : PURIFICATION OF THE HEART, AWARENESS, OF GOD’S

SUPERVISION IN PRIVACY, FULFILLMENT OF PROMISES, OBESRVATION OF THE TIME, LITTLE ATTENTION TOWARD FLASH OF MIND AND THOUGHT, FINE ADAB IN STATE OF DEVOTION AND INVOCATION

5. SCOPE OF KNOWLEDGE OF FARDHU’ AIN BASED ON HADITH JIBRAEL (A.S)

• WHY THIS HADITH IS CHOSEN FOR THIS SUB-TOPIC???• SPECIAL COMMENT GIVEN BY IBNU REJAB AL-HAMBALI ON FORTY HADITH AN-

NAWAWI (JAMI’ ULUM WAL HIKAM)

HADITH NO. 2 :• ALSO, ON THE AUTHORITY OF ‘UMAR (MAY ALLAH BE PLEASED WITH HIM), WHO S AID,• ONE DAY WHILE WE WERE SITTING WITH THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (MAY

THE BLESSINGS AND PEACE OF ALLAH BE UPON HIM), THERE APPEARED BEFORE US A MAN WHOSE CLOTHES WERE EXCEEDINGLY WHITE AND WHOSE HAIR WAS EXCEEDING BLACK; NO SIGNS OF JOURNEYING WERE TO BE SEEN ON HIM AND NONE OF US KNEW HIM. HE WALKED UP AND SAT DOWN BY THE PROPHET (MAY THE BLESSINGS AND PEACE OF ALLAH BE UPON HIM). RESTING HIS KNEES AGAINST HIS AND PLACING THE PALMS OF HIS HANDS ON HIS THIGHS, HE SAID: O MUHAMMAD, TELL ME ABOUT ISLAM. THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (MAY THE BLESSINGS AND PEACE OF ALLAH BE UPON HIM) SAID: ISLAM IS TO TESTIFY THAT THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH AND MUHAMMAD IS THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH, TO PERFORM THE PRAYERS, TO PAY THE ZAKAT, TO FAST IN RAMADAN AND TO MAKE THE PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOUSE IF YOU ARE ABLE TO DO SO. HE SAID: YOU HAVE SPOKEN RIGHTLY, AND WE WERE AMAZED AT HIM ASKING HIM AND SAYING THAT HE HAD SPOKEN RIGHTLY. HE SAID: THEN TELL ME ABOUT IMAN. HE SAID: IT IS TO BELIEVE IN ALLAH, HIS ANGELS, HIS BOOKS, HIS MESSENGERS AND THE LAST DAY, AND TO BELIEVE IN DIVINE DESTINY, BOTH THE GOOD AND THE EVIL THEREOF.

CONTD…• HE SAID: YOU HAVE SPOKEN RIGHTLY. HE SAID: THEN TELL ME ABOUT IHSAN. HE SAID: IT IS TO

WORSHIP ALLAH AS THOUGH YOU ARE SEEING HIM, AND WHILE YOU SEE HIM NOT YET TRULY HE SEES YOU. HE SAID: THEN TELL ME ABOUT THE HOUR. HE SAID: THE ONE QUESTIONED ABOUT IT KNOWS NO BETTER THAN THE QUESTIONER. HE SAID: THEN TELL ME ABOUT ITS SIGNS. HE SAID THAT THE SLAVE-GIRL WILL GIVE BIRTH TO HER MISTRESS AND THAT YOU WILL SEE THE BAREFOOTED, NAKED DESTITUTE HERDSMEN COMPETING IN CONSTRUCTING LOFTY BUILDINGS. THEN HE TOOK HIMSELF OFF AND I STAYED FOR A TIME: THEN HE SAID: O ‘UMAR, DO YOU KNOW WHO THE QUESTIONER WAS? I SAID: ALLAH AND HIS MESSENGER KNOW BEST. HE SAID: IT WAS GABRIEL, WHO CAME TO YOU TO TEACH YOU YOUR RELIGION.• IT WAS RELATED BY MUSLIM.

6. 3 BRANCHES OF KNOWLEDGE• IMAN : MID-SETTING, AQEEDAH, TAUHEED, FIQH-AL-AKBAR (SIX ARTICLE)

Believe in ALLAH

Believe in His Angles

Believe in His Books

Believe in His Messengers

Believe in the Last Day

Believe in Devine Destiny

ISLAM : MANIFESTATION, SHARI’AH, ORDINANCE, WAY (FIVE PILLARS)

There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger

of Allah

Perform the prayers Pay the Zakat

Fast in Ramadan

Make the pilgrimage to the House if

you are able to do so

CONTD…

CONTD…3TH BRANCH OF KNOWLEDGE

• IHSAN : PERFECTION, AKHLAQ, CULTURE (CONSCIENCE AND FITRAH)

ALL THESE COME UNDER FARDHU ‘AIN FOR THEY CONSTITUTE THE FUNDAMENTAL MESSAGE OF ISLAM

MESSAGE OF ISLAM

• DIGNITY AND LEADERSHIP (‘IZZA WA SIYADAH)• AL-JUSTICE (AL-’ADL) 5:8• AL-ISLAH (REFORM) 11:88• AL-FALAH FID DUNYA WAL AKHIRAH (VICTORY)

APPENDIX A• 1. WHO ARE WE?• WHAT ARE WE COMPOSED OF?• WHAT IS OUR DIGNITY AS HUMAN BEING OR GOD’S

CREATURE?• STAGES THAT WE ARE GOING TO PASS THROUGH• WHAT GENDER DO WE BELONG TO? (AL-LAIL, 92: 1-4)

• MUSLIM BY NATURE (ALI ‘IMRAN, 3: 83)

• 2. WHY ARE WE HERE?• SLAVE (AL-DZARIYAT, 51: 56)

• KHALIFAH (AL-BAQARAH, 2: 30)

• KHAIRUL UMMAH (ALI ‘IMRAN, 3: 110)

• UMMAH WASATA (AL-BAQARAH, 2: 143)

• IMMEDIATE MASTER

• 3. FOR WHAT PURPOSE ARE WE ARE?• TO SERVE AND WORSHIP ALLAH (AL-

DZARIYAT, 51: 56)

• 4. WHERE ARE WE HEADING FOR?• BACK TO ALLAH (AL-BAQARAH, 2: 28) / (AL-

MU’MINUN, 23: 115

• BACK TO THE ETERNAL LIFE (YUNUS, 10: 26)

• 1. WHAT IS THE ESSENCE OF LIFE?• TEST, TRIAL (AL-’ANKABUT, 29: 2) / (AL-MULK, 67: 1-2)

• STRUGGLE BETWEEN TRUTH & FALSEHOOD• TRANSACTION (HADITH NO. 23)

• 2. WHAT IS OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE UNIVERSE? (IBRAHIM, 14: 32-34)

• 3. WHAT IS THE ESSENCE OF THIS UNIVERSE? (AL-HADID, 57: 20, HADITH NO. 24)

• 4. WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVE OF LIFE? (AL-LAIL, 92: 20, AL-BAYYINAH, 98: 5)

• 5. WHAT IS THE PATH THATWE SHOULD TAKE? (HADITH & AL-AN’AM, 6: 153)

• 6. HOW TO GET THROUGH THE OBSTACLES AND TEMPTATION OF THIS WORLDLY LIFE SUCCESSLY (AL-’ANKABUT, 29: 69 / AL-HUJURAT, 49: 15 / ALI ‘IMRAN, 3: 14-15 / AT-TAUBAH, 9: 23-24)

TO ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS, IT NEEDS CLEAR, CONCRETE AND SOLID KNOWLEDGE WITH FULL

CERTAINTY

REMINDER :

APPENDIX B• 1. EXISTENCE• 2. DIVINITY• 3. PROPHETIC• 4. HEARING• 5. UNIVERSE• 6. MANKIND• 7. LIFE• 8. FARUQI’S TAUHID DOCTRINE

7. IMPORTANT TERMS RELATED TO FARDHU’ AYN THAT NEED ELABORATION

Common legal term

Used in fardhu aynAn act that is almost as

compulsory as a Fard. The Messenger of Allah SallAllaho

Alaihi wa Aalihi wa Sallam never omitted it. It is a

graded second, below a Fard in its necessity

1. One who denies a Wajib is misguided.

3. If one omits a Wajib without any valid shari'i reason, then he is a transgressor and liable for the punishment of Hell.4. To miss a Wajib once is a minor sin . However, persistently omitting a Wajib shall turn it into a major sin.

Fardhu or Wajib

HARAM Totally forbidden in

Islam. Haram is considered the opposite of Fard.

Anyone who denies something proven from the Qur'an and Hadith to be Haram, becomes a kafir

If this act is committed deliberately and intentionally, even once, then such a person is a transgressor (fasiq), and has committed a major . Thus, such a person shall be punished.

SUNNAH1.THE WAY OF LIFE PRESCRIBED

AS NORMATIVE IN ISLAM, BASED ON THE TEACHINGS AND PRACTICES OF MUHAMMAD AND ON EXEGESIS OF THE QURAN. ALSO CALLED HADITH.

An act that is disliked by the Shari'ah.

If this act is done, then there is no sin or punishment. However, it is bad to make it a habit of doing such an act

One gains reward for not doing it

MUBAH1.AN ACT THAT IS NEITHER

COMMANDED NOR PROHIBITED BY THE SHARI'AH.

2.THERE IS NO REWARD FOR DOING IT, AND NO PUNISHMENT OR OMITTING IT.

MAKRUH

2

1

3

THREE CATEGORIES OF THE MUSLIM SCHOLARS

•DARURIYATMEANS ABSOLUTE NEED. WHICH MAY RESULT IN LIFE & DEATH IN ITS CONSEQUENCES•HAJIYYATLINKED WITH SUNNAH OR MAKRUH. CAN BE LABELLED AS A NESSITY RELATED TO STRENGTH & WEAKNESS•TAHSINIYATRELATED WITH SOMETHING WHICH IS MUBAH AS IT FURTHER EASES & BEAUTIFIES THE LIVELIHOOD OF A PERSON

LESSONS GAINED• SEEKER OF TRUTH & KNOWLEDGE SHOULD BE REMINDED THAT

ALLAH IS THE SOURCE OF ALL WISDOM & KNOWLEDGE.• KNOWLEDGE OF RELIGION REVEALED TO MANKIND IS NIKMAT &

RAHMAT FROM ALLAH TO HUMANS.• RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IS BASIC AND FUNDAMENTAL

“LIFE WILL BE TOTAL DARKNESS IF MAN IS DEPRIVED OF RELIGIOUS GUIDANCE”

THE END