introduction of leds in switzerland · introduction of leds in switzerland process – challenges...

Bundesamt für Zivilluftfahrt BAZL

Introduction of LEDS in Switzerland

process – challenges - review

22.10.2014

Federal Office of Civil Aviation (FOCA)

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Name der Präsentation • Untertitel Autor

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FOCA, Hungerbuehler, 22.10.2014

Introduction Preparation

Challenges Implementation / Review


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Concerned commodities

APA_13-01_ZRH /SISE / hul FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014

• No change to general LAGs rules (100ml/1L); • New screening requirement for all LAGs essential to the

passenger for the flight for medical or for dietary reasons (including baby food) and LAGs in STEBs

• Until January 2014 exempted from LAGs rules (100ml)

http://assets.inhabitots.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/babyfoodlead123.jpg


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Screening process / Alarm resolution


Level 1 Screening Eqt Type D, C, B or A

Level 2 Screening Other Type D, C, B or A

Level 3 Screening Interview/Plausibility

http://www.businesspundit.com/the-ten-worst-job-interview-questions-ever/interview-2/

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Provision of guidance by Appropriate Authority

APA_13-01_ZRH /SISE / hul

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014

• Workshop: Explanation and interpretation of requirements

• Holistic approach: „situation analysis“1 rather than an interview or interrogation for alarm resolution

• Introduction to Security Questionning (SQ) o Appearance and behaviour of interviewee o Suspicion Indicators: meaning, detection and refuting o Principles of effective questioning

• SQ applied to alarm resolution for LAGs o Type of questioning / general approach o Possible initial and specific questions

1 FP/KOA


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Technical / Operational Evaluation by Airport Operator


FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014

• Type B LEDS evaluated o 2‘160 Tests under laboratory conditions

o 72 different liquids

• Eqt pre-selected o 656 Tests under operational conditions

o different combinations of eqt o ~ 60 Staff

o ~ 1‘000 endurance tests o ~ 90 Staff

• Eqt selected o in combination lowest false alarm rate o operational reliable




















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Technical


• Availability of eqt at required deadlines

Established relationship with manufacturers Early procurement date

• Readily available spare parts and technical support

Training of own technical staff at manufacturers Procurement of own stock of spare parts

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014


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Operational


• Limited number of eqt (budget constraints)

Best distribution and positioning of eqt in order to facilitate use and accessibility

• Queing / waiting times

Adjustment of screening staff distribution Adjustment of procedures (i.E. STEBs screened

without unpacking) Information to passengers

• Technical failures of eqt

Trained service staff and spare parts readily available on site

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014


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Instruction / Training (technical / practice)


• Training material

Easy to operate equipment Training material on hand (from tests) Early availability of eqt

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014


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Instruction / Training (non technical / interview)


• Training material

Developed jointly between State Police and airport operator with support of AA

• Instructors

Instructors from various branches of State Police (Airport Police, BDOs, DEO, Bomb Squad etc.)

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014


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Psychological


• Interviewer unconfomfortable with overruling equipment o 2 times red = potenitally dangerous substance to be used with

malice aforethought Quick initiation of escalation process and involvement of LEOs

Bolster confidence in good judgment Training in interviewing / questionning techniques Help line for medical questions (medical services /

pharmacy) Voucher for baby food (valid at nursery in SRA)

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014


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Implementation


• Smooth introduction in general o 116‘000 liquids screened (since January 2014) o 7‘900 alarms (6.8%)

• Small as expected number of interviews

o 400 = 2 to 3 on average per day o ~ 1 interview per 29‘000 pax

• ~ 90% of interviews required for originating pax


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Conclusion


• Close monitoring by AA • Comprehensive briefing and provision of guidance material • Appropriate timeframe • Effective steering by responsible entity • Equipment testing both under laboratory conditions as well as

operational / practical conditions (including endurance testing) • Adapted training especially for Interviewer • Supervision by AA and relevant entities during training and

implementation • Appropriate communication with all concerned entities and the

traveling public in general • Creative thinking

FOCA / hul / 22.10.2014

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introduction of leds in switzerland · introduction of leds in switzerland process – challenges...

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