introduction: the region of israel and palestine 24 questions that might help you solve the...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction: THE REGION OF ISRAEL AND PALESTINE
24 questions that might help you solve the presentation of the Israeli-Palestinian issue...
10. Why is water distribution a problem?HOW IS WATER DISTRIBUTED IN WEST BANK?
1. The western basin of the Mountain Aquifer, the Yarkon-Tanninim
2. The northern basin is called the Nablus-Gilboa Aquifer
3. The eastern basin
Water resources in West Bank
340 M cubic meters / year domestic use of 2.5 M Israeli civilians
20 M m3 / yearPalestinians
115 M m3 / year, Agricultural irrigation in the kibbutzim and moshavim in the northern valleys
25 M m3 / yearPalestinians
40 M cubic meters / yearIsraeli agricultural settlements in the
Jordan Valley
60 M m3 / yearPalestinians
ISRAELI POPULATION’S CONSUMPTION
PALESTINIAN POPULATION’S CONSUMPTION
ISRAELI 495 Million m3 PALESTINIAN 105 Million m3
A clear inequality in water sharing
Israel is using about 80 percent of the groundwater basins in the West Bank (which meets 25 percent of its water needs)
Palestinians are denied the right to exploit water resources from the Jordan River since 1967. They also face brackish water and water shortages.
Water consumption by Palestinians
is approximately 73 litres per capita per day (l/c/d)
compared to about 300 l/c/d for Israelis
around four times lower
11. How is water from Lake Tiberias carried and how does it split the land?
The national water carrier
Most of the fresh water is carried to the coastline, steering clear of the Palestinian West Bank cities.
12. What makes that region a crossroads?
The Levant is an in-between region…
At the age of Empires:Between Egypt / Mesopotamia
At the age of commercial routes: India / EthiopiaArab Peninsula / Mediterranean
Under the AssyriansUnder the Canaanites
13. How was the region named in History? Is there a clear identity?
1300 BCE 900-600 BCE
Judah, Manasseh, … Judah, Egypt
Under the Romans (Time of Herod)
Under the Jewish kingdoms
Under the Romans (after the Jewish
diaspora)
1000 BCE 20 BCE 70 – 120 CE
Judah, Israel, Edom, Philistine Judah, Samaria, Galilea Palestina, Arabia
Under the Crusaders
Under the Ottoman rule
Under the Abbassids
8-9th c CE 11-12th CE 15th c BCE - 1921
Syria, Palestine Latin states Vilayet of Beirut, Sanjaks
Under the Ottoman rule
The zone was in the « VILAYET » (administrative
province) of Beirut
This Vilayet was split into « SANJAKS » (disctrict), i.e. a land linked to a banner / flag = an aristocratic power led by
governors
The Levant region was also viewed as a Syrian or Transjordan territory
Under the British Under the UN Proposal (1947)
1919 - 1947 CE 1947 - 48 CE
You notice that Jordan should be a
« Palestinian state » today...
Transjordan and Palestine Israel / Palestine
Then, how have the lands changed hands since 1945?
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/interactive/2011/sep/14/map-israel-palestinian-territories
Watch the interactive map
1973 -
Philistines
Zionist Palestinians
Arab-Muslim Palestinians
Who’s who?
Zionists and British call future Jewish inhabitants “Palestinians”
Balfour Declaration, 1917: “His Majesty's government view with favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavors to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country”
14. Why did Zionists call their Jewish homeland « Palestine »?
1170 BCE
Philistine Hebrew language: "to divide", "go through", "to roll in”, “to invade"
A feeling of Palestinian nationality emerged slowly in the Palestinian refugee diaspora (1947-48); but was their an Arab Palestinian identity before?
First, why the Romans called that place « Palestine »:
Palestine philistine = the principal enemies of the Jews
The Romans named « Palestine » the land they were disputing to the Jews; they tried to erase the Jewish identity from the land.
Knowing this, why did the Zionists call that place « Palestine » in the 19th c.?!
The Zionists (in Europe and USA) were studying maps of the Roman period, so they just reused (by mistake) the name of « Palestine »
TO RECAP...
The land changed hands so many times that it’s hard to say « I was there first » or « This land is strictly mine ». It isn’t historically possessed, but punctually controlled. The land’s name is a matter of misunderstanding for everyone
The Palestinian lands given in 1948 were said to cross the Jordan river, but the Jordans expelled the « Arab Palestinian » residents to establish their regime
In 1947, the Egyptians also rejected the creation of a Palestinian state; then they accepted the Gaza strip only