Introduction To Automation: Energy Saving

Presented By:

HIMANI HARBOLA

EIE(4th Year)

Introducing Ashok Leyland

Ashok Leyland manufactures of commercial vehicles like trucks, buses, tractors etc.

The Pantnagar plant is one of the biggest plant of Ashok Leyland.

The assembly of engines take place at the same plant.

Automation Tools

Sensors

Proximity Sensors

Temperature Sensors

Smoke Detector

Photo Sensor

Load Cell

Proximity Sensors Temperature Sensors

Continue….

RTD

Relay

Contactors

It is an electrically controlled switch used for switching a power circuit.

Works same as relay.

PLC

CR

MEMORY program data

High Voltage

High Voltage

AC Power Supply

Output

Circuits

External DC Power

Supply

or

RS-232 Communications

Input

Circuits

Central Processor (CPU)

Continue… Modules of PLC

Programming used

Power supply

Different companies uses different symbols to represent inputs & outputs

1) Siemens

2) Mitsuibishi

3) Allenbradley

Model no. represents the no. of inputs in PLC.

1) S7 200 2) S7 300

CNC

By integrating computer processor NC is referred as CNC.

Tools.

Coolant.

Programming codes.

Codes

G codes

Axis codes

Feed and Speed codes

Tool codes

Miscellaneous codes

CNC Lathe

It is automated version of a manual lathe. It is programmed to change tools automatically.

SCADA…

Ethernet LAN

RTU or PLC

Operator W orkstationsOperator W orkstations

End Pointor Terminal

DeliveryLocation

Typical Pipeline

Intermediate Pump/Compressor Station

OriginatingStataion or

ReceiptLocation

Status, Controls and Measurements

RTU or PLC

Status, Controls and Measurements

RTU or PLC

Status, Controls and Measurements

Com mE quipm ent

ApplicationServer-A

ApplicationServer-B

Application Host Systems

SCADAServer-A

SCADAServer-B

Redundant SCADA Hosts

G ateway(s) toCorporateNetworks

Communication SystemLeased Line, Direct Connect,Radio, Satellite, Radio, Etc.

Field Devices

RTUs & PLCs

Communication

Master Station Connectivity

Users

Drives ( VFD ) V/F concept used in ac motors.

Rated torque at set speed.

Energy saver.

Centrifugal loads are used to control speed.

Based on affinity law:

1) FLOW is proportional to motor speed.

2) PRESSURE is proportional to the motor speed squared.

3) POWER is proportional to the motor speed cubed.

3) POWER is proportional to the motor speed cubed

2) PRESSURE is proportional to the motor speed squared.

3) POWER is proportional to the motor speed cubed

Continue…Functions as inverter.

Methods Used

Change in Power Factor.

One drive for multiple motors.

Use of SGCTs ( Symmetrical Gate Commutated Thyristors )

THANKS FOR YOUR

ATTENTION!!!!!!!!!!