introduction to biomimicry for fluid mechanics students
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Introduction to Biomimicry for Fluid Mechanics Students. Defne Apul and Jill Shalabi University of Toledo Department of Civil Engineering Feb. 3, 2009. You will use biomimicry in your projects. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Biomimicry for Fluid Mechanics Students
Defne Apul and Jill ShalabiUniversity of ToledoDepartment of Civil EngineeringFeb. 3, 2009
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You will use biomimicry in your projects
Part A: You will perform an experiment to measure somethingPart B: You will theoretically calculate what you would expect to see in theexperimentPart C: You will compare the results from parts A and B Part D: You will follow up with where else this phenomenon is used in natureand in existing technology
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What is biomimicry? From
bios, meaning “life” + mimesis, meaning “to imitate”
Biomimicry = to imitate life
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Biomimicry?
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The “tail” of Velcro….
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Biomimicry Definition Term first used by Janine Benyus in her
book, Biomimicry: Innovations Inspired by Nature (1997)
Viewing nature as role model/teacher– nature has already solved many of the technological and sustainability problems that we face today - learning from nature, not about nature
Imitate nature’s processes, not products
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Conquest of Nature? “Conquest” of
nature has consequences in today’s scientific and social paradigms
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Us vs. “Them” Us
Linear Centralized Individualistic Independent Inflexible Singular
Them Circular Decentralized Cooperative Interdependent Adaptive Redundant
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Our Results Depleted natural resources Habitat loss Climate change Endangered/extinct species Persistent bioaccumulative toxins Dependence on petroleum Problems!
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Their Results Life creates conditions conducive to life Energy only from sunlight Materials synthesized at ambient temperatures
using local materials No toxic pollution
only a few of all of chemically possible structures are synthesized (humans use the entire periodic table!)
No waste No problem!
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Nature as Teacher When faced with a
problem, ask the question “What organism needs to solve the same problem to survive….What Would Nature Do?”
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Nature as Teacher (cont’d) Inspiration - look to nature to transform
society water energy materials food
Invention - original processing starting with a natural process that solves a similar problem
Information - life adds info in the form of shape/structure
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Some of nature’s teachers (Let’s give them a hand…..)
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Kingfishers
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Box fish
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Termites (Look, Ma! No air conditioning…)
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Seashells (Why aren’t they infinite in size?)
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Pros and Cons UN Environmental Program has
biomimicry project – “Nature’s 100 Best”
Habitat conservation Copy nature’s products rather than
processes GE, Proctor & Gamble, Boeing, General
Mills, Nike recruiting biologists
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Lotus effect
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Pros and Cons (cont’d)
Complexity occurs at nano- and micro-scale Behavior cannot be deduced from a
knowledge of components – the whole is greater than the sum of parts
Nature doesn’t work toward some “final” goal like we (engineers) do Result of random experiments over thousands
or millions of generations
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Summary We are facing increasing pressures:
Energy Water Materials Food
Nature has already “figured out” how to avoid these problems
Look to nature as a teacher/role model, but nature is not always cooperative…..
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“It’s no problem to apply a 0.2 Newton pre-load to a patch of gecko adhesive and drag it in a distal direction at one micron per second. But try asking a gecko to do the same thing with its foot. It’ll probably just bite you.“ – Kellar Autumn, gecko adhesion researcher
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Acknowledgements Slide #4 www.wisebread.com/hitching-a-ride-on-an-airplane Slide #5 http://estrip.org/elmwood/users/matthew/images/1105/burr3857.jpg
http://www.kidsgardening.com/2005.kids.garden.news/may/burrs.jpg Slide #6 Benyus, Janine. 1997. Biomimicry: Innovations Inspired by Nature.
HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. New York, NY, 320 pp. Slide #7 http://www.marykayemusic.com/images/Illustrations/BigBadWolf.jpg Slide #8 http://greenasathistle.files.wordpress.com/2007/03/forks.jpg Slide #11http://www.stpatricksguild.com/prodimg/401530.JPG Slide #13 http://www.leopardgeckoguide.com/wp-content/gallery/geckos/gecko- feet.jpg Slide #14 http://earthfirst.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/03/whale-bump.jpg,
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/080707222315.htmwww.animals.nationalgeographic.com
Slide#15 http://www.bioteams.com/images/nature_as_desig.jpg Slide #16 http://www.dancewithshadows.com/auto/mercedes-benz-bionic-car-
gallery.asp Slide #17 http://www.inhabitat.com/2007/12/10/building-modelled-on-termites-eastgate-
centre-in-zimbabwe/
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Acknowledgements (cont’d) Slide #18 http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Seashell-on-Beach-
Posters_i1100827_.htm
http://www.virginpacificwater.com/whole_pipe_op_800x786.jpg Slide #19 UN Environmental Program
http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=535&ArticleID=5816&l=en
Slide #20 http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1107/1435241752_a20d75347f.jpg?v=0http://www.aerosil.com/pub/NR/rdonlyres/65199EEB-DD68-
422A-A27F- F91AF82BA85E/0/lotuseffect0005.jpgLotus
Effect:http://biodsign.wordpress.com/2008/08/27/lotus-effect- efecto-lotus/ Slide #23 http://www.tc.umn.edu/~gambl007/geckos/gekko_gecko_mo2.jpg
http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/04/biomimetics/tom-mueller text/8