introduction to chemistry reactions and ratios-9
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to Chemistry Reactions and Ratios-9TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Stoichiometry Part 2: the Mole
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6.022 X 1023 of anything = 1 mole
Stoichiometry
A quantity frequently used in chemistry:
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Mole is a Quantity! Pair = 2 (2 shoes per pair) Dozen = 12 (12 cookies per dozen) Mole = 602000000000000000000000
6.02 X 1023 atoms per mole
6.02 X 1023 molecules per mole
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I would like to have a mole of pennies!
How much money would that be?
$6,020,000,000,000,000,000,000.00 1,000,000,000,000 trillion
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1 mole of HNO2 = 6.022 x 1023 molecules HNO2
6.022 x 1023 Hydrogen atoms = 1 mol H
6.022 x 1023 Nitrogen atoms = 1 mol N
12.044 x 1023 Oxygen atoms = 2 mol O
N O O H N O O H
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Example
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0.75 mol of HNO2
To build 0.75 mol of HNO2, I need: Formula is the key
1 mol H 1 mol HNO2
0.75 mol H =
0.75 mol N =
2 mol O 1 mol HNO2
= 1.5 mol O
1 mol N 1 mol HNO2
More Complicated Molecules
0.75 mol HNO2 x
0.75 mol HNO2 x
0.75 mol HNO2 x
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5 mol of Ca(NO3)2
To build 5 mol of Ca(NO3)2, I need: ? mol Ca
Formula is the key
5 mol Ca(NO3)2 x ? mol Ca 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
=
? mol N =
? mol O 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
= ? mol O
? mol N 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
More Complicated Molecules
5 mol Ca(NO3)2 x
5 mol Ca(NO3)2 x
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1 mol of Ca(NO3)2
Formula is STILL the key Ca(NO3)2
1 Ca 1x2=2Ns 3x2=6Os
More Complicated Molecules
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5 mol of Ca(NO3)2
To build 5 mol of Ca(NO3)2, I need: 5 mol Ca
Formula is the key
5 mol Ca(NO3)2 x 1 mol Ca 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
=
10 mol N =
6 mol O 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
= 30 mol O
2 mol N 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
More Complicated Molecules
5 mol Ca(NO3)2 x
5 mol Ca(NO3)2 x
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0.75 mol of Ca(NO3)2
To build 0.75 mol of Ca(NO3)2, I need: 0.75 mol Ca
Formula is the key
0.75 mol Ca(NO3)2 x 1 mol Ca 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
=
1.5 mol N =
6 mol O 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
= 4.5 mol O
2 mol N 1 mol Ca(NO3)2
More Complicated Molecules
0.75 mol Ca(NO3)2 x
0.75 mol Ca(NO3)2 x
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Review Stoichiometry is simply using ratios Atoms are combined to make molecules in specific ratios Simple calculations for molecules
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Slides 10-12 and 16-22 are adapted from Petrovich (with permission) Duke Quidditch: http://www.facebook.com/dukequidditch/photos_stream (Photo credit information and written permissions will be acquired prior
to publication on Coursera.)
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Credits
Edited by Kun Li
Slides 4-8 are adapted from Petrovich (with permission)
Ken Lyle is thanked for providing chemical samples.