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Introduction to Cognitive PsychologyIntroduction to Cognitive Psychology
What is Cognitive Psychology? Where did it come from? What is Cognitive Psychology about now?
What is Cognitive Psychology?What is Cognitive Psychology?
Scientific study of cognition Cognition: mental processes including
perception, attention, memory, thinking, problem-solving, and language
Some Questions About CognitionSome Questions About Cognition
How did a glass slide lead to a Nobel Prize? Why can you hear your name across a noisy
room? What would happen if you couldn’t store
new information in long-term memory?
More Questions...More Questions...
Can someone be abused as a child and not remember it until decades later?
What do fire, women, and dangerous things have in common?
Why do men and women have trouble communicating with each other?
Some Claims About CognitionSome Claims About Cognition
The Scientific Method is the best way to study how the mind works.
The mind can be thought of as an information processor.
The way we process information is influenced by context and experience.
The Cognitive RevolutionThe Cognitive Revolution
Success of The Scientific Method Donders (1868) - mental chronometry Wundt (1879) - structuralism
Donders - Subtractive MethodDonders - Subtractive Method
Simple Reaction Time - time it takes to press button in response to light
Choice Reaction Time - time it takes to press one of two buttons after deciding which light went on
Decision Time = Choice RT - Simple RT
Early Memory ResearchEarly Memory Research
Ebbinghaus (1913) - memorizing nonsense syllables
Bartlett (1932) - memory of stories Ebbinghaus
Influence of BehaviorismInfluence of Behaviorism
Watson (1912) - the mind cannot be studied with science
Skinner (1957) - explains language in Verbal Behavior
Problems for BehaviorismProblems for Behaviorism
Tolman (1932): Cognitive maps in rats Breland and Breland (1938): Instinctual
behavior Chomsky (1959):
review of Skinner’s bookperformance - competence distinction